KEGG Modules

Carbohydrate metabolism
Central carbohydrate metabolism
M00001 Glycolysis (Embden-Meyerhof pathway), glucose => pyruvate [PATH:eee00010 eee01200 eee01100]
M00002 Glycolysis, core module involving three-carbon compounds [PATH:eee00010 eee01200 eee01230 eee01100]
M00003 Gluconeogenesis, oxaloacetate => fructose-6P [PATH:eee00010 eee00020 eee01100]
M00307 Pyruvate oxidation, pyruvate => acetyl-CoA [PATH:eee00010 eee00020 eee00620 eee00785 eee01200 eee01210 eee01100]
M00009 Citrate cycle (TCA cycle, Krebs cycle) [PATH:eee00020 eee01200 eee01100]
M00010 Citrate cycle, first carbon oxidation, oxaloacetate => 2-oxoglutarate [PATH:eee00020 eee01200 eee01210 eee01230 eee01100]
M00011 Citrate cycle, second carbon oxidation, 2-oxoglutarate => oxaloacetate [PATH:eee00020 eee01200 eee01210 eee01100]
M00004 Pentose phosphate pathway (Pentose phosphate cycle) [PATH:eee00030 eee01200 eee01100]
M00006 Pentose phosphate pathway, oxidative phase, glucose 6P => ribulose 5P [PATH:eee00030 eee01200 eee01100]
M00007 Pentose phosphate pathway, non-oxidative phase, fructose 6P => ribose 5P [PATH:eee00030 eee01200 eee01230 eee01100]
M00005 PRPP biosynthesis, ribose 5P => PRPP [PATH:eee00030 eee00230 eee01200 eee01230 eee01100]

Other carbohydrate metabolism
M00014 Glucuronate pathway (uronate pathway) [PATH:eee00040 eee01100]
M00632 Galactose degradation, Leloir pathway, galactose => alpha-D-glucose-1P [PATH:eee00052 eee01100]
M00854 Glycogen biosynthesis, glucose-1P => glycogen/starch [PATH:eee00500 eee01100]
M00855 Glycogen degradation, glycogen => glucose-6P [PATH:eee00500 eee01100]
M00549 Nucleotide sugar biosynthesis, glucose => UDP-glucose [PATH:eee00520 eee01250 eee01100]
M00554 Nucleotide sugar biosynthesis, galactose => UDP-galactose [PATH:eee00520 eee00052 eee01250 eee01100]
M00892 UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine biosynthesis, eukaryotes, glucose => UDP-GlcNAc [PATH:eee00520 eee01250 eee01100]
M00741 Propanoyl-CoA metabolism, propanoyl-CoA => succinyl-CoA [PATH:eee00280 eee00630 eee00640 eee01200 eee01100]
M00130 Inositol phosphate metabolism, PI=> PIP2 => Ins(1,4,5)P3 => Ins(1,3,4,5)P4 [PATH:eee00562 eee01100]
M00131 Inositol phosphate metabolism, Ins(1,3,4,5)P4 => Ins(1,3,4)P3 => myo-inositol [PATH:eee00562 eee01100]
M00132 Inositol phosphate metabolism, Ins(1,3,4)P3 => phytate [PATH:eee00562 eee01100]

Energy metabolism
Carbon fixation
Methane metabolism
Nitrogen metabolism
Sulfur metabolism
Photosynthesis
ATP synthesis
M00143 NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) Fe-S protein/flavoprotein complex, mitochondria [PATH:eee00190 eee01100]
M00146 NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) 1 alpha subcomplex [PATH:eee00190 eee01100]
M00147 NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) 1 beta subcomplex [PATH:eee00190 eee01100]
M00148 Succinate dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) [PATH:eee00190 eee01100]
M00160 V-type ATPase, eukaryotes [PATH:eee00190 eee01100]

Lipid metabolism
Fatty acid metabolism
M00082 Fatty acid biosynthesis, initiation [PATH:eee00061 eee01212 eee01100]
M00083 Fatty acid biosynthesis, elongation [PATH:eee00061 eee01212 eee01100]
M00873 Fatty acid biosynthesis in mitochondria, animals [PATH:eee00061 eee01212 eee01100]
M00085 Fatty acid elongation in mitochondria [PATH:eee00062 eee01212 eee01100]
M00415 Fatty acid elongation in endoplasmic reticulum [PATH:eee00062 eee01040 eee01212 eee01100]
M00086 beta-Oxidation, acyl-CoA synthesis [PATH:eee00061 eee00071 eee01212 eee01100]
M00087 beta-Oxidation [PATH:eee00071 eee01212 eee01100]
M00861 beta-Oxidation, peroxisome, VLCFA [PATH:eee01040 eee01212 eee01100]

Sterol biosynthesis
M00103 Cholecalciferol biosynthesis [PATH:eee00100 eee01100]
M00107 Steroid hormone biosynthesis, cholesterol => pregnenolone => progesterone [PATH:eee00140 eee01100]
M00109 C21-Steroid hormone biosynthesis, progesterone => cortisol/cortisone [PATH:eee00140 eee01100]
M00110 C19/C18-Steroid hormone biosynthesis, pregnenolone => androstenedione => estrone [PATH:eee00140 eee01100]
M00976 C19-Steroid hormone biosynthesis, pregnenolone => testosterone => dihydrotestosterone [PATH:eee00140 eee01100]

Lipid metabolism
M00089 Triacylglycerol biosynthesis [PATH:eee00561 eee01100]
M00098 Acylglycerol degradation [PATH:eee00561 eee01100]
M00090 Phosphatidylcholine (PC) biosynthesis, choline => PC [PATH:eee00564 eee01100]
M00091 Phosphatidylcholine (PC) biosynthesis, PE => PC [PATH:eee00564 eee01100]
M00092 Phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) biosynthesis, ethanolamine => PE [PATH:eee00564 eee01100]
M00094 Ceramide biosynthesis [PATH:eee00600 eee01100]
M00066 Lactosylceramide biosynthesis [PATH:eee00600 eee01100]
M00067 Sulfoglycolipids biosynthesis, ceramide/1-alkyl-2-acylglycerol => sulfatide/seminolipid [PATH:eee00600 eee00565 eee01100]
M00099 Sphingosine biosynthesis [PATH:eee00600 eee01100]
M00100 Sphingosine degradation [PATH:eee00600 eee01100]

Nucleotide metabolism
Purine metabolism
M00048 De novo purine biosynthesis, PRPP + glutamine => IMP [PATH:eee00230 eee01100]
M00049 Adenine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, IMP => ADP,ATP [PATH:eee00230 eee01232 eee01240 eee01100]
M00050 Guanine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, IMP => GDP,GTP [PATH:eee00230 eee01232 eee01100]
M00053 Deoxyribonucleotide biosynthesis, ADP/GDP/CDP/UDP => dATP/dGTP/dCTP/dUTP [PATH:eee00230 eee00240 eee01232 eee01100]
M00958 Adenine ribonucleotide degradation, AMP => Urate [PATH:eee00230 eee01232 eee01100]
M00959 Guanine ribonucleotide degradation, GMP => Urate [PATH:eee00230 eee01232 eee01100]
M00546 Purine degradation, xanthine => urea [PATH:eee00230 eee01100]

Pyrimidine metabolism
M00051 De novo pyrimidine biosynthesis, glutamine (+ PRPP) => UMP [PATH:eee00240 eee01240 eee01100]
M00052 Pyrimidine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, UMP => UDP/UTP,CDP/CTP [PATH:eee00240 eee01232 eee01240 eee01100]
M00938 Pyrimidine deoxyribonucleotide biosynthesis, UDP => dTTP [PATH:eee00240 eee01232 eee01100]
M00046 Pyrimidine degradation, uracil => beta-alanine, thymine => 3-aminoisobutanoate [PATH:eee00240 eee00410 eee00770 eee01100]

Amino acid metabolism
Serine and threonine metabolism
M00020 Serine biosynthesis, glycerate-3P => serine [PATH:eee00260 eee01200 eee01230 eee01100]
M00621 Glycine cleavage system [PATH:eee00260 eee00630 eee00785 eee01200 eee01100]
M00555 Betaine biosynthesis, choline => betaine [PATH:eee00260 eee01100]
M00974 Betaine metabolism, animals, betaine => glycine [PATH:eee00260 eee01100]

Cysteine and methionine metabolism
M00338 Cysteine biosynthesis, homocysteine + serine => cysteine [PATH:eee00260 eee00270 eee01230 eee01100]
M00034 Methionine salvage pathway [PATH:eee00270 eee01100]
M00035 Methionine degradation [PATH:eee00270 eee01100]

Branched-chain amino acid metabolism
M00036 Leucine degradation, leucine => acetoacetate + acetyl-CoA [PATH:eee00280 eee01100]

Lysine metabolism
M00032 Lysine degradation, lysine => saccharopine => acetoacetyl-CoA [PATH:eee00310 eee01210 eee01100]

Arginine and proline metabolism
M00844 Arginine biosynthesis, ornithine => arginine [PATH:eee00220 eee01230 eee01100]
M00029 Urea cycle [PATH:eee00220 eee01230 eee01100]
M00015 Proline biosynthesis, glutamate => proline [PATH:eee00330 eee01230 eee01100]
M00970 Proline degradation, proline => glutamate [PATH:eee00330 eee01100]
M00972 Proline metabolism [PATH:eee00330 eee01100]
M00047 Creatine pathway [PATH:eee00330 eee00260 eee01100]

Polyamine biosynthesis
M00134 Polyamine biosynthesis, arginine => ornithine => putrescine [PATH:eee00330 eee01100]
M00135 GABA biosynthesis, eukaryotes, putrescine => GABA [PATH:eee00330 eee01100]

Histidine metabolism
M00045 Histidine degradation, histidine => N-formiminoglutamate => glutamate [PATH:eee00340 eee01100]

Aromatic amino acid metabolism
M00042 Catecholamine biosynthesis, tyrosine => dopamine => noradrenaline => adrenaline [PATH:eee00350 eee01100]
M00043 Thyroid hormone biosynthesis, tyrosine => triiodothyronine/thyroxine [PATH:eee00350 eee01100]
M00044 Tyrosine degradation, tyrosine => homogentisate [PATH:eee00350 eee01100]
M00037 Melatonin biosynthesis, animals, tryptophan => serotonin => melatonin [PATH:eee00380 eee01100]
M00038 Tryptophan metabolism, tryptophan => kynurenine => 2-aminomuconate [PATH:eee00380 eee01100]

Other amino acid metabolism
M00027 GABA (gamma-Aminobutyrate) shunt [PATH:eee00250 eee00650 eee01100]
M00118 Glutathione biosynthesis, glutamate => glutathione [PATH:eee00480 eee01240 eee01100]

Glycan metabolism
Glycan biosynthesis
M00055 N-glycan precursor biosynthesis [PATH:eee00510 eee01100]
M00073 N-glycan precursor trimming [PATH:eee00510 eee01100]
M00075 N-glycan biosynthesis, complex type [PATH:eee00510 eee01100]
M00872 O-glycan biosynthesis, mannose type (core M3) [PATH:eee00515 eee01100]
M00065 GPI-anchor biosynthesis, core oligosaccharide [PATH:eee00563 eee01100]
M00070 Glycosphingolipid biosynthesis, lacto-series, LacCer => Lc4Cer [PATH:eee00601 eee01100]
M00071 Glycosphingolipid biosynthesis, neolacto-series, LacCer => nLc4Cer [PATH:eee00601 eee01100]
M00069 Glycosphingolipid biosynthesis, ganglio series, LacCer => GT3 [PATH:eee00604 eee01100]

Glycosaminoglycan metabolism
M00057 Glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis, linkage tetrasaccharide [PATH:eee00532 eee00534 eee01100]
M00058 Glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis, chondroitin sulfate backbone [PATH:eee00532 eee01100]
M00059 Glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis, heparan sulfate backbone [PATH:eee00534 eee01100]
M00076 Dermatan sulfate degradation [PATH:eee00531 eee01100]
M00077 Chondroitin sulfate degradation [PATH:eee00531 eee01100]
M00078 Heparan sulfate degradation [PATH:eee00531 eee01100]
M00079 Keratan sulfate degradation [PATH:eee00531 eee01100]

Lipopolysaccharide metabolism
Other polysaccharide metabolism
Metabolism of cofactors and vitamins
Cofactor and vitamin metabolism
M00120 Coenzyme A biosynthesis, pantothenate => CoA [PATH:eee00770 eee01240 eee01100]
M00882 Lipoic acid biosynthesis, eukaryotes, octanoyl-ACP => dihydrolipoyl-H [PATH:eee00785 eee01240 eee01100]
M00883 Lipoic acid biosynthesis, animals and bacteria, octanoyl-ACP => dihydrolipoyl-H => dihydrolipoyl-E2 [PATH:eee00785 eee01240 eee01100]
M00842 Tetrahydrobiopterin biosynthesis, GTP => BH4 [PATH:eee00790 eee01240 eee01100]
M00141 C1-unit interconversion, eukaryotes [PATH:eee00670 eee01240 eee01100]
M00868 Heme biosynthesis, animals and fungi, glycine => heme [PATH:eee00860 eee01240 eee01100]
M00128 Ubiquinone biosynthesis, eukaryotes, 4-hydroxybenzoate + polyprenyl-PP => ubiquinol [PATH:eee00130 eee01240 eee01100]

Biosynthesis of terpenoids and polyketides
Terpenoid backbone biosynthesis
M00095 C5 isoprenoid biosynthesis, mevalonate pathway [PATH:eee00900 eee01100]
M00367 C10-C20 isoprenoid biosynthesis, non-plant eukaryotes [PATH:eee00900 eee01100]

Plant terpenoid biosynthesis
Macrolide biosynthesis
Enediyne biosynthesis
Type II polyketide biosynthesis
Polyketide sugar unit biosynthesis
Biosynthesis of other secondary metabolites
Biosynthesis of phytochemical compounds
Biosynthesis of beta-lactams
Biosynthesis of other antibiotics
Biosynthesis of other fungal compounds
Biosynthesis of other bacterial compounds
Xenobiotics biodegradation
Aromatics degradation

Gene set
Pathogenicity
Drug resistance
Plant pathogenicity
Symbiosis
Module set
Metabolic capacity