KEGG Modules

Carbohydrate metabolism
Central carbohydrate metabolism
M00001 Glycolysis (Embden-Meyerhof pathway), glucose => pyruvate [PATH:gcl00010 gcl01200 gcl01100]
M00002 Glycolysis, core module involving three-carbon compounds [PATH:gcl00010 gcl01200 gcl01230 gcl01100]
M00003 Gluconeogenesis, oxaloacetate => fructose-6P [PATH:gcl00010 gcl00020 gcl01100]
M00307 Pyruvate oxidation, pyruvate => acetyl-CoA [PATH:gcl00010 gcl00020 gcl00620 gcl00785 gcl01200 gcl01210 gcl01100]
M00011 Citrate cycle, second carbon oxidation, 2-oxoglutarate => oxaloacetate [PATH:gcl00020 gcl01200 gcl01210 gcl01100]
M00004 Pentose phosphate pathway (Pentose phosphate cycle) [PATH:gcl00030 gcl01200 gcl01100]
M00006 Pentose phosphate pathway, oxidative phase, glucose 6P => ribulose 5P [PATH:gcl00030 gcl01200 gcl01100]
M00007 Pentose phosphate pathway, non-oxidative phase, fructose 6P => ribose 5P [PATH:gcl00030 gcl01200 gcl01230 gcl01100]
M00005 PRPP biosynthesis, ribose 5P => PRPP [PATH:gcl00030 gcl00230 gcl01200 gcl01230 gcl01100]

Other carbohydrate metabolism
M00854 Glycogen biosynthesis, glucose-1P => glycogen/starch [PATH:gcl00500 gcl01100]
M00855 Glycogen degradation, glycogen => glucose-6P [PATH:gcl00500 gcl01100]
M00741 Propanoyl-CoA metabolism, propanoyl-CoA => succinyl-CoA [PATH:gcl00280 gcl00630 gcl00640 gcl01200 gcl01100]
M00130 Inositol phosphate metabolism, PI=> PIP2 => Ins(1,4,5)P3 => Ins(1,3,4,5)P4 [PATH:gcl00562 gcl01100]
M00131 Inositol phosphate metabolism, Ins(1,3,4,5)P4 => Ins(1,3,4)P3 => myo-inositol [PATH:gcl00562 gcl01100]
M00132 Inositol phosphate metabolism, Ins(1,3,4)P3 => phytate [PATH:gcl00562 gcl01100]

Energy metabolism
Carbon fixation
Methane metabolism
Nitrogen metabolism
Sulfur metabolism
Photosynthesis
ATP synthesis
M00148 Succinate dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) [PATH:gcl00190 gcl01100]

Lipid metabolism
Fatty acid metabolism
M00082 Fatty acid biosynthesis, initiation [PATH:gcl00061 gcl01212 gcl01100]
M00083 Fatty acid biosynthesis, elongation [PATH:gcl00061 gcl01212 gcl01100]
M00085 Fatty acid elongation in mitochondria [PATH:gcl00062 gcl01212 gcl01100]
M00415 Fatty acid elongation in endoplasmic reticulum [PATH:gcl00062 gcl01040 gcl01212 gcl01100]
M00086 beta-Oxidation, acyl-CoA synthesis [PATH:gcl00061 gcl00071 gcl01212 gcl01100]
M00087 beta-Oxidation [PATH:gcl00071 gcl01212 gcl01100]
M00861 beta-Oxidation, peroxisome, VLCFA [PATH:gcl01040 gcl01212 gcl01100]

Sterol biosynthesis
M00862 beta-Oxidation, peroxisome, tri/dihydroxycholestanoyl-CoA => choloyl/chenodeoxycholoyl-CoA [PATH:gcl00120 gcl01100]
M00107 Steroid hormone biosynthesis, cholesterol => pregnenolone => progesterone [PATH:gcl00140 gcl01100]
M00110 C19/C18-Steroid hormone biosynthesis, pregnenolone => androstenedione => estrone [PATH:gcl00140 gcl01100]
M00976 C19-Steroid hormone biosynthesis, pregnenolone => testosterone => dihydrotestosterone [PATH:gcl00140 gcl01100]

Lipid metabolism
M00089 Triacylglycerol biosynthesis [PATH:gcl00561 gcl01100]
M00098 Acylglycerol degradation [PATH:gcl00561 gcl01100]
M00090 Phosphatidylcholine (PC) biosynthesis, choline => PC [PATH:gcl00564 gcl01100]
M00091 Phosphatidylcholine (PC) biosynthesis, PE => PC [PATH:gcl00564 gcl01100]
M00092 Phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) biosynthesis, ethanolamine => PE [PATH:gcl00564 gcl01100]
M00094 Ceramide biosynthesis [PATH:gcl00600 gcl01100]
M00066 Lactosylceramide biosynthesis [PATH:gcl00600 gcl01100]
M00067 Sulfoglycolipids biosynthesis, ceramide/1-alkyl-2-acylglycerol => sulfatide/seminolipid [PATH:gcl00600 gcl00565 gcl01100]
M00099 Sphingosine biosynthesis [PATH:gcl00600 gcl01100]
M00100 Sphingosine degradation [PATH:gcl00600 gcl01100]

Nucleotide metabolism
Purine metabolism
M00049 Adenine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, IMP => ADP,ATP [PATH:gcl00230 gcl01232 gcl01240 gcl01100]
M00050 Guanine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, IMP => GDP,GTP [PATH:gcl00230 gcl01232 gcl01100]
M00053 Deoxyribonucleotide biosynthesis, ADP/GDP/CDP/UDP => dATP/dGTP/dCTP/dUTP [PATH:gcl00230 gcl00240 gcl01232 gcl01100]
M00958 Adenine ribonucleotide degradation, AMP => Urate [PATH:gcl00230 gcl01232 gcl01100]
M00959 Guanine ribonucleotide degradation, GMP => Urate [PATH:gcl00230 gcl01232 gcl01100]

Pyrimidine metabolism
M00052 Pyrimidine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, UMP => UDP/UTP,CDP/CTP [PATH:gcl00240 gcl01232 gcl01240 gcl01100]
M00938 Pyrimidine deoxyribonucleotide biosynthesis, UDP => dTTP [PATH:gcl00240 gcl01232 gcl01100]
M00046 Pyrimidine degradation, uracil => beta-alanine, thymine => 3-aminoisobutanoate [PATH:gcl00240 gcl00410 gcl00770 gcl01100]

Amino acid metabolism
Serine and threonine metabolism
M00020 Serine biosynthesis, glycerate-3P => serine [PATH:gcl00260 gcl01200 gcl01230 gcl01100]
M00621 Glycine cleavage system [PATH:gcl00260 gcl00630 gcl00670 gcl00785 gcl01200 gcl01100]
M00555 Betaine biosynthesis, choline => betaine [PATH:gcl00260 gcl00670 gcl01100]
M00974 Betaine metabolism, animals, betaine => glycine [PATH:gcl00260 gcl00670 gcl01100]

Cysteine and methionine metabolism
M00338 Cysteine biosynthesis, homocysteine + serine => cysteine [PATH:gcl00260 gcl00270 gcl00670 gcl01230 gcl01100]
M00035 Methionine degradation [PATH:gcl00270 gcl00670 gcl01100]

Branched-chain amino acid metabolism
M00036 Leucine degradation, leucine => acetoacetate + acetyl-CoA [PATH:gcl00280 gcl01100]

Lysine metabolism
Arginine and proline metabolism
M00844 Arginine biosynthesis, ornithine => arginine [PATH:gcl00220 gcl01230 gcl01100]
M00029 Urea cycle [PATH:gcl00220 gcl01230 gcl01100]
M00015 Proline biosynthesis, glutamate => proline [PATH:gcl00330 gcl01230 gcl01100]
M00970 Proline degradation, proline => glutamate [PATH:gcl00330 gcl01100]
M00972 Proline metabolism [PATH:gcl00330 gcl01100]
M00047 Creatine pathway [PATH:gcl00330 gcl00260 gcl01100]

Polyamine biosynthesis
M00134 Polyamine biosynthesis, arginine => ornithine => putrescine [PATH:gcl00330 gcl01100]
M00135 GABA biosynthesis, eukaryotes, putrescine => GABA [PATH:gcl00330 gcl01100]

Histidine metabolism
M00045 Histidine degradation, histidine => N-formiminoglutamate => glutamate [PATH:gcl00340 gcl01100]

Aromatic amino acid metabolism
M00043 Thyroid hormone biosynthesis, tyrosine => triiodothyronine/thyroxine [PATH:gcl00350 gcl01100]
M00044 Tyrosine degradation, tyrosine => homogentisate [PATH:gcl00350 gcl01100]
M00037 Melatonin biosynthesis, animals, tryptophan => serotonin => melatonin [PATH:gcl00380 gcl01100]

Other amino acid metabolism
M00027 GABA (gamma-Aminobutyrate) shunt [PATH:gcl00250 gcl00650 gcl01100]
M00118 Glutathione biosynthesis, glutamate => glutathione [PATH:gcl00480 gcl01240 gcl01100]

Glycan metabolism
Nucleotide sugar biosynthesis
M00549 Nucleotide sugar biosynthesis, glucose => UDP-glucose [PATH:gcl00520 gcl01250 gcl01100]
M00892 UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine biosynthesis, eukaryotes, glucose => UDP-GlcNAc [PATH:gcl00520 gcl01250 gcl01100]

Glycan biosynthesis
M00055 N-glycan precursor biosynthesis [PATH:gcl00510 gcl01100]
M00075 N-glycan biosynthesis, complex type [PATH:gcl00510 gcl01100]
M00070 Glycosphingolipid biosynthesis, lacto-series, LacCer => Lc4Cer [PATH:gcl00601 gcl01100]
M00071 Glycosphingolipid biosynthesis, neolacto-series, LacCer => nLc4Cer [PATH:gcl00601 gcl01100]
M00068 Glycosphingolipid biosynthesis, globo-series, LacCer => Gb4Cer [PATH:gcl00603 gcl01100]
M00069 Glycosphingolipid biosynthesis, ganglio series, LacCer => GT3 [PATH:gcl00604 gcl01100]

Glycosaminoglycan metabolism
M00058 Glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis, chondroitin sulfate backbone [PATH:gcl00532 gcl01100]
M00059 Glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis, heparan sulfate backbone [PATH:gcl00534 gcl01100]
M00076 Dermatan sulfate degradation [PATH:gcl00531 gcl01100]
M00077 Chondroitin sulfate degradation [PATH:gcl00531 gcl01100]
M00078 Heparan sulfate degradation [PATH:gcl00531 gcl01100]
M00079 Keratan sulfate degradation [PATH:gcl00531 gcl01100]

Lipopolysaccharide metabolism
Other polysaccharide metabolism
Metabolism of cofactors and vitamins
Cofactor and vitamin metabolism
M00120 Coenzyme A biosynthesis, pantothenate => CoA [PATH:gcl00770 gcl01240 gcl01100]
M00882 Lipoic acid biosynthesis, eukaryotes, octanoyl-ACP => dihydrolipoyl-H [PATH:gcl00785 gcl01240 gcl01100]
M00883 Lipoic acid biosynthesis, animals and bacteria, octanoyl-ACP => dihydrolipoyl-H => dihydrolipoyl-E2 [PATH:gcl00785 gcl01240 gcl01100]
M00842 Tetrahydrobiopterin biosynthesis, GTP => BH4 [PATH:gcl00790 gcl01240 gcl01100]
M00880 Molybdenum cofactor biosynthesis, GTP => molybdenum cofactor [PATH:gcl00790 gcl01240 gcl01100]
M00141 C1-unit interconversion, eukaryotes [PATH:gcl00670 gcl01240 gcl01100]
M00128 Ubiquinone biosynthesis, eukaryotes, 4-hydroxybenzoate + polyprenyl-PP => ubiquinone [PATH:gcl00130 gcl01240 gcl01100]

Biosynthesis of terpenoids and polyketides
Terpenoid backbone biosynthesis
M00367 C10-C20 isoprenoid biosynthesis, non-plant eukaryotes [PATH:gcl00900 gcl01100]

Plant terpenoid biosynthesis
Macrolide biosynthesis
Enediyne biosynthesis
Type II polyketide biosynthesis
Polyketide sugar unit biosynthesis
Biosynthesis of other secondary metabolites
Biosynthesis of phytochemical compounds
Biosynthesis of beta-lactams
Biosynthesis of other antibiotics
Biosynthesis of other fungal compounds
Biosynthesis of other bacterial compounds
Xenobiotics biodegradation
Aromatics degradation

Gene set
Pathogenicity
Drug resistance
Plant pathogenicity
Symbiosis
Module set
Metabolic capacity