KEGG Modules

Carbohydrate metabolism
Central carbohydrate metabolism
M00001 Glycolysis (Embden-Meyerhof pathway), glucose => pyruvate [PATH:hhv00010 hhv01200 hhv01100]
M00002 Glycolysis, core module involving three-carbon compounds [PATH:hhv00010 hhv01200 hhv01230 hhv01100]
M00003 Gluconeogenesis, oxaloacetate => fructose-6P [PATH:hhv00010 hhv00020 hhv01100]
M00307 Pyruvate oxidation, pyruvate => acetyl-CoA [PATH:hhv00010 hhv00020 hhv00620 hhv00785 hhv01200 hhv01210 hhv01100]
M00009 Citrate cycle (TCA cycle, Krebs cycle) [PATH:hhv00020 hhv01200 hhv01100]
M00010 Citrate cycle, first carbon oxidation, oxaloacetate => 2-oxoglutarate [PATH:hhv00020 hhv01200 hhv01210 hhv01230 hhv01100]
M00011 Citrate cycle, second carbon oxidation, 2-oxoglutarate => oxaloacetate [PATH:hhv00020 hhv01200 hhv01210 hhv01100]
M00004 Pentose phosphate pathway (Pentose phosphate cycle) [PATH:hhv00030 hhv01200 hhv01100]
M00006 Pentose phosphate pathway, oxidative phase, glucose 6P => ribulose 5P [PATH:hhv00030 hhv01200 hhv01100]
M00007 Pentose phosphate pathway, non-oxidative phase, fructose 6P => ribose 5P [PATH:hhv00030 hhv01200 hhv01230 hhv01100]
M00005 PRPP biosynthesis, ribose 5P => PRPP [PATH:hhv00030 hhv00230 hhv01200 hhv01230 hhv01100]

Other carbohydrate metabolism
M00014 Glucuronate pathway (uronate pathway) [PATH:hhv00040 hhv01100]
M00632 Galactose degradation, Leloir pathway, galactose => alpha-D-glucose-1P [PATH:hhv00052 hhv01100]
M00854 Glycogen biosynthesis, glucose-1P => glycogen/starch [PATH:hhv00500 hhv01100]
M00855 Glycogen degradation, glycogen => glucose-6P [PATH:hhv00500 hhv01100]
M00549 Nucleotide sugar biosynthesis, glucose => UDP-glucose [PATH:hhv00520 hhv01250 hhv01100]
M00554 Nucleotide sugar biosynthesis, galactose => UDP-galactose [PATH:hhv00520 hhv00052 hhv01250 hhv01100]
M00892 UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine biosynthesis, eukaryotes, glucose => UDP-GlcNAc [PATH:hhv00520 hhv01250 hhv01100]
M00741 Propanoyl-CoA metabolism, propanoyl-CoA => succinyl-CoA [PATH:hhv00280 hhv00630 hhv00640 hhv01200 hhv01100]
M00130 Inositol phosphate metabolism, PI=> PIP2 => Ins(1,4,5)P3 => Ins(1,3,4,5)P4 [PATH:hhv00562 hhv01100]
M00131 Inositol phosphate metabolism, Ins(1,3,4,5)P4 => Ins(1,3,4)P3 => myo-inositol [PATH:hhv00562 hhv01100]
M00132 Inositol phosphate metabolism, Ins(1,3,4)P3 => phytate [PATH:hhv00562 hhv01100]

Energy metabolism
Carbon fixation
Methane metabolism
Nitrogen metabolism
Sulfur metabolism
Photosynthesis
ATP synthesis
M00142 NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase, mitochondria [PATH:hhv00190 hhv01100]
M00143 NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) Fe-S protein/flavoprotein complex, mitochondria [PATH:hhv00190 hhv01100]
M00146 NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) 1 alpha subcomplex [PATH:hhv00190 hhv01100]
M00147 NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) 1 beta subcomplex [PATH:hhv00190 hhv01100]
M00148 Succinate dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) [PATH:hhv00190 hhv01100]
M00151 Cytochrome bc1 complex respiratory unit [PATH:hhv00190 hhv01100]
M00152 Cytochrome bc1 complex [PATH:hhv00190 hhv01100]
M00154 Cytochrome c oxidase [PATH:hhv00190 hhv01100]
M00158 F-type ATPase, eukaryotes [PATH:hhv00190 hhv01100]
M00160 V-type ATPase, eukaryotes [PATH:hhv00190 hhv01100]

Lipid metabolism
Fatty acid metabolism
M00082 Fatty acid biosynthesis, initiation [PATH:hhv00061 hhv01212 hhv01100]
M00083 Fatty acid biosynthesis, elongation [PATH:hhv00061 hhv01212 hhv01100]
M00873 Fatty acid biosynthesis in mitochondria, animals [PATH:hhv00061 hhv01212 hhv01100]
M00085 Fatty acid elongation in mitochondria [PATH:hhv00062 hhv01212 hhv01100]
M00415 Fatty acid elongation in endoplasmic reticulum [PATH:hhv00062 hhv01040 hhv01212 hhv01100]
M00086 beta-Oxidation, acyl-CoA synthesis [PATH:hhv00061 hhv00071 hhv01212 hhv01100]
M00087 beta-Oxidation [PATH:hhv00071 hhv01212 hhv01100]
M00861 beta-Oxidation, peroxisome, VLCFA [PATH:hhv01040 hhv01212 hhv01100]

Sterol biosynthesis
M00101 Cholesterol biosynthesis, FPP => cholesterol [PATH:hhv00100 hhv01100]
M00103 Cholecalciferol biosynthesis [PATH:hhv00100 hhv01100]
M00106 Conjugated bile acid biosynthesis, cholate => taurocholate/glycocholate [PATH:hhv00120 hhv01100]
M00862 beta-Oxidation, peroxisome, tri/dihydroxycholestanoyl-CoA => choloyl/chenodeoxycholoyl-CoA [PATH:hhv00120 hhv01100]
M00107 Steroid hormone biosynthesis, cholesterol => pregnenolone => progesterone [PATH:hhv00140 hhv01100]
M00109 C21-Steroid hormone biosynthesis, progesterone => cortisol/cortisone [PATH:hhv00140 hhv01100]
M00110 C19/C18-Steroid hormone biosynthesis, pregnenolone => androstenedione => estrone [PATH:hhv00140 hhv01100]
M00976 C19-Steroid hormone biosynthesis, pregnenolone => testosterone => dihydrotestosterone [PATH:hhv00140 hhv01100]
M00977 C19-Steroid hormone biosynthesis (androgen backdoor pathway), pregnenolone => androsterone => dihydrotestosterone [PATH:hhv00140 hhv01100]

Lipid metabolism
M00089 Triacylglycerol biosynthesis [PATH:hhv00561 hhv01100]
M00098 Acylglycerol degradation [PATH:hhv00561 hhv01100]
M00090 Phosphatidylcholine (PC) biosynthesis, choline => PC [PATH:hhv00564 hhv01100]
M00091 Phosphatidylcholine (PC) biosynthesis, PE => PC [PATH:hhv00564 hhv01100]
M00092 Phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) biosynthesis, ethanolamine => PE [PATH:hhv00564 hhv01100]
M00094 Ceramide biosynthesis [PATH:hhv00600 hhv01100]
M00066 Lactosylceramide biosynthesis [PATH:hhv00600 hhv01100]
M00067 Sulfoglycolipids biosynthesis, ceramide/1-alkyl-2-acylglycerol => sulfatide/seminolipid [PATH:hhv00600 hhv00565 hhv01100]
M00099 Sphingosine biosynthesis [PATH:hhv00600 hhv01100]
M00100 Sphingosine degradation [PATH:hhv00600 hhv01100]

Nucleotide metabolism
Purine metabolism
M00048 De novo purine biosynthesis, PRPP + glutamine => IMP [PATH:hhv00230 hhv01100]
M00049 Adenine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, IMP => ADP,ATP [PATH:hhv00230 hhv01232 hhv01240 hhv01100]
M00050 Guanine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, IMP => GDP,GTP [PATH:hhv00230 hhv01232 hhv01100]
M00053 Deoxyribonucleotide biosynthesis, ADP/GDP/CDP/UDP => dATP/dGTP/dCTP/dUTP [PATH:hhv00230 hhv00240 hhv01232 hhv01100]
M00958 Adenine ribonucleotide degradation, AMP => Urate [PATH:hhv00230 hhv01232 hhv01100]
M00959 Guanine ribonucleotide degradation, GMP => Urate [PATH:hhv00230 hhv01232 hhv01100]

Pyrimidine metabolism
M00051 De novo pyrimidine biosynthesis, glutamine (+ PRPP) => UMP [PATH:hhv00240 hhv01240 hhv01100]
M00052 Pyrimidine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, UMP => UDP/UTP,CDP/CTP [PATH:hhv00240 hhv01232 hhv01240 hhv01100]
M00938 Pyrimidine deoxyribonucleotide biosynthesis, UDP => dTTP [PATH:hhv00240 hhv01232 hhv01100]
M00046 Pyrimidine degradation, uracil => beta-alanine, thymine => 3-aminoisobutanoate [PATH:hhv00240 hhv00410 hhv00770 hhv01100]

Amino acid metabolism
Serine and threonine metabolism
M00020 Serine biosynthesis, glycerate-3P => serine [PATH:hhv00260 hhv01200 hhv01230 hhv01100]
M00621 Glycine cleavage system [PATH:hhv00260 hhv00630 hhv00785 hhv01200 hhv01100]
M00555 Betaine biosynthesis, choline => betaine [PATH:hhv00260 hhv01100]
M00974 Betaine metabolism, animals, betaine => glycine [PATH:hhv00260 hhv01100]

Cysteine and methionine metabolism
M00338 Cysteine biosynthesis, homocysteine + serine => cysteine [PATH:hhv00260 hhv00270 hhv01230 hhv01100]
M00034 Methionine salvage pathway [PATH:hhv00270 hhv01100]
M00035 Methionine degradation [PATH:hhv00270 hhv01100]

Branched-chain amino acid metabolism
M00036 Leucine degradation, leucine => acetoacetate + acetyl-CoA [PATH:hhv00280 hhv01100]

Lysine metabolism
M00032 Lysine degradation, lysine => saccharopine => acetoacetyl-CoA [PATH:hhv00310 hhv01210 hhv01100]

Arginine and proline metabolism
M00844 Arginine biosynthesis, ornithine => arginine [PATH:hhv00220 hhv01230 hhv01100]
M00029 Urea cycle [PATH:hhv00220 hhv01230 hhv01100]
M00015 Proline biosynthesis, glutamate => proline [PATH:hhv00330 hhv01230 hhv01100]
M00970 Proline degradation, proline => glutamate [PATH:hhv00330 hhv01100]
M00972 Proline metabolism [PATH:hhv00330 hhv01100]
M00047 Creatine pathway [PATH:hhv00330 hhv00260 hhv01100]

Polyamine biosynthesis
M00134 Polyamine biosynthesis, arginine => ornithine => putrescine [PATH:hhv00330 hhv01100]
M00135 GABA biosynthesis, eukaryotes, putrescine => GABA [PATH:hhv00330 hhv01100]

Histidine metabolism
M00045 Histidine degradation, histidine => N-formiminoglutamate => glutamate [PATH:hhv00340 hhv01100]

Aromatic amino acid metabolism
M00042 Catecholamine biosynthesis, tyrosine => dopamine => noradrenaline => adrenaline [PATH:hhv00350 hhv01100]
M00043 Thyroid hormone biosynthesis, tyrosine => triiodothyronine/thyroxine [PATH:hhv00350 hhv01100]
M00044 Tyrosine degradation, tyrosine => homogentisate [PATH:hhv00350 hhv01100]
M00037 Melatonin biosynthesis, animals, tryptophan => serotonin => melatonin [PATH:hhv00380 hhv01100]
M00038 Tryptophan metabolism, tryptophan => kynurenine => 2-aminomuconate [PATH:hhv00380 hhv01100]

Other amino acid metabolism
M00027 GABA (gamma-Aminobutyrate) shunt [PATH:hhv00250 hhv00650 hhv01100]
M00118 Glutathione biosynthesis, glutamate => glutathione [PATH:hhv00480 hhv01240 hhv01100]

Glycan metabolism
Glycan biosynthesis
M00055 N-glycan precursor biosynthesis [PATH:hhv00510 hhv01100]
M00073 N-glycan precursor trimming [PATH:hhv00510 hhv01100]
M00075 N-glycan biosynthesis, complex type [PATH:hhv00510 hhv01100]
M00056 O-glycan biosynthesis, mucin type core [PATH:hhv00512 hhv01100]
M00872 O-glycan biosynthesis, mannose type (core M3) [PATH:hhv00515 hhv01100]
M00065 GPI-anchor biosynthesis, core oligosaccharide [PATH:hhv00563 hhv01100]
M00070 Glycosphingolipid biosynthesis, lacto-series, LacCer => Lc4Cer [PATH:hhv00601 hhv01100]
M00071 Glycosphingolipid biosynthesis, neolacto-series, LacCer => nLc4Cer [PATH:hhv00601 hhv01100]
M00068 Glycosphingolipid biosynthesis, globo-series, LacCer => Gb4Cer [PATH:hhv00603 hhv01100]
M00069 Glycosphingolipid biosynthesis, ganglio series, LacCer => GT3 [PATH:hhv00604 hhv01100]

Glycosaminoglycan metabolism
M00057 Glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis, linkage tetrasaccharide [PATH:hhv00532 hhv00534 hhv01100]
M00058 Glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis, chondroitin sulfate backbone [PATH:hhv00532 hhv01100]
M00059 Glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis, heparan sulfate backbone [PATH:hhv00534 hhv01100]
M00076 Dermatan sulfate degradation [PATH:hhv00531 hhv01100]
M00077 Chondroitin sulfate degradation [PATH:hhv00531 hhv01100]
M00078 Heparan sulfate degradation [PATH:hhv00531 hhv01100]
M00079 Keratan sulfate degradation [PATH:hhv00531 hhv01100]

Lipopolysaccharide metabolism
Other polysaccharide metabolism
Metabolism of cofactors and vitamins
Cofactor and vitamin metabolism
M00912 NAD biosynthesis, tryptophan => quinolinate => NAD [PATH:hhv00380 hhv00760 hhv01240 hhv01100]
M00120 Coenzyme A biosynthesis, pantothenate => CoA [PATH:hhv00770 hhv01240 hhv01100]
M00882 Lipoic acid biosynthesis, eukaryotes, octanoyl-ACP => dihydrolipoyl-H [PATH:hhv00785 hhv01240 hhv01100]
M00883 Lipoic acid biosynthesis, animals and bacteria, octanoyl-ACP => dihydrolipoyl-H => dihydrolipoyl-E2 [PATH:hhv00785 hhv01240 hhv01100]
M00842 Tetrahydrobiopterin biosynthesis, GTP => BH4 [PATH:hhv00790 hhv01240 hhv01100]
M00880 Molybdenum cofactor biosynthesis, GTP => molybdenum cofactor [PATH:hhv00790 hhv01240 hhv01100]
M00141 C1-unit interconversion, eukaryotes [PATH:hhv00670 hhv01240 hhv01100]
M00868 Heme biosynthesis, animals and fungi, glycine => heme [PATH:hhv00860 hhv01240 hhv01100]
M00128 Ubiquinone biosynthesis, eukaryotes, 4-hydroxybenzoate + polyprenyl-PP => ubiquinol [PATH:hhv00130 hhv01240 hhv01100]

Biosynthesis of terpenoids and polyketides
Terpenoid backbone biosynthesis
M00095 C5 isoprenoid biosynthesis, mevalonate pathway [PATH:hhv00900 hhv01100]
M00367 C10-C20 isoprenoid biosynthesis, non-plant eukaryotes [PATH:hhv00900 hhv01100]

Plant terpenoid biosynthesis
Macrolide biosynthesis
Enediyne biosynthesis
Type II polyketide biosynthesis
Polyketide sugar unit biosynthesis
Biosynthesis of other secondary metabolites
Biosynthesis of phytochemical compounds
Biosynthesis of beta-lactams
Biosynthesis of other antibiotics
Biosynthesis of other fungal compounds
Biosynthesis of other bacterial compounds
Xenobiotics biodegradation
Aromatics degradation

Gene set
Pathogenicity
Drug resistance
Plant pathogenicity
Symbiosis
Module set
Metabolic capacity