KEGG Modules

Carbohydrate metabolism
Central carbohydrate metabolism
M00001 Glycolysis (Embden-Meyerhof pathway), glucose => pyruvate [PATH:mlf00010 mlf01200 mlf01100]
M00002 Glycolysis, core module involving three-carbon compounds [PATH:mlf00010 mlf01200 mlf01230 mlf01100]
M00003 Gluconeogenesis, oxaloacetate => fructose-6P [PATH:mlf00010 mlf00020 mlf01100]
M00307 Pyruvate oxidation, pyruvate => acetyl-CoA [PATH:mlf00010 mlf00020 mlf00620 mlf01200 mlf01100]
M00010 Citrate cycle, first carbon oxidation, oxaloacetate => 2-oxoglutarate [PATH:mlf00020 mlf01200 mlf01210 mlf01230 mlf01100]
M00004 Pentose phosphate pathway (Pentose phosphate cycle) [PATH:mlf00030 mlf01200 mlf01100]
M00006 Pentose phosphate pathway, oxidative phase, glucose 6P => ribulose 5P [PATH:mlf00030 mlf01200 mlf01100]
M00007 Pentose phosphate pathway, non-oxidative phase, fructose 6P => ribose 5P [PATH:mlf00030 mlf01200 mlf01230 mlf01100]
M00005 PRPP biosynthesis, ribose 5P => PRPP [PATH:mlf00030 mlf00230 mlf01200 mlf01230 mlf01100]

Other carbohydrate metabolism
M00632 Galactose degradation, Leloir pathway, galactose => alpha-D-glucose-1P [PATH:mlf00052 mlf01100]
M00854 Glycogen biosynthesis, glucose-1P => glycogen/starch [PATH:mlf00500 mlf01100]
M00855 Glycogen degradation, glycogen => glucose-6P [PATH:mlf00500 mlf01100]
M00549 Nucleotide sugar biosynthesis, glucose => UDP-glucose [PATH:mlf00520 mlf01250 mlf01100]
M00554 Nucleotide sugar biosynthesis, galactose => UDP-galactose [PATH:mlf00520 mlf00052 mlf01250 mlf01100]
M00892 UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine biosynthesis, eukaryotes, glucose => UDP-GlcNAc [PATH:mlf00520 mlf01250 mlf01100]
M00741 Propanoyl-CoA metabolism, propanoyl-CoA => succinyl-CoA [PATH:mlf00280 mlf00630 mlf00640 mlf01200 mlf01100]
M00130 Inositol phosphate metabolism, PI=> PIP2 => Ins(1,4,5)P3 => Ins(1,3,4,5)P4 [PATH:mlf00562 mlf01100]
M00131 Inositol phosphate metabolism, Ins(1,3,4,5)P4 => Ins(1,3,4)P3 => myo-inositol [PATH:mlf00562 mlf01100]
M00132 Inositol phosphate metabolism, Ins(1,3,4)P3 => phytate [PATH:mlf00562 mlf01100]

Energy metabolism
Carbon fixation
Methane metabolism
Nitrogen metabolism
Sulfur metabolism
Photosynthesis
ATP synthesis
M00142 NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase, mitochondria [PATH:mlf00190]
M00143 NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) Fe-S protein/flavoprotein complex, mitochondria [PATH:mlf00190]
M00146 NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) 1 alpha subcomplex [PATH:mlf00190]
M00147 NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) 1 beta subcomplex [PATH:mlf00190]
M00151 Cytochrome bc1 complex respiratory unit [PATH:mlf00190]
M00152 Cytochrome bc1 complex [PATH:mlf00190]
M00154 Cytochrome c oxidase [PATH:mlf00190]
M00160 V-type ATPase, eukaryotes [PATH:mlf00190]

Lipid metabolism
Fatty acid metabolism
M00873 Fatty acid biosynthesis in mitochondria, animals [PATH:mlf00061 mlf01212 mlf01100]
M00085 Fatty acid elongation in mitochondria [PATH:mlf00062 mlf01212 mlf01100]
M00415 Fatty acid elongation in endoplasmic reticulum [PATH:mlf00062 mlf01040 mlf01212 mlf01100]
M00086 beta-Oxidation, acyl-CoA synthesis [PATH:mlf00061 mlf00071 mlf01212 mlf01100]
M00087 beta-Oxidation [PATH:mlf00071 mlf01212 mlf01100]
M00861 beta-Oxidation, peroxisome, VLCFA [PATH:mlf01040 mlf01212 mlf01100]

Sterol biosynthesis
M00101 Cholesterol biosynthesis, squalene 2,3-epoxide => cholesterol [PATH:mlf00100 mlf01100]
M00103 Cholecalciferol biosynthesis [PATH:mlf00100 mlf01100]
M00106 Conjugated bile acid biosynthesis, cholate => taurocholate/glycocholate [PATH:mlf00120 mlf01100]
M00862 beta-Oxidation, peroxisome, tri/dihydroxycholestanoyl-CoA => choloyl/chenodeoxycholoyl-CoA [PATH:mlf00120 mlf01100]
M00107 Steroid hormone biosynthesis, cholesterol => pregnenolone => progesterone [PATH:mlf00140 mlf01100]
M00110 C19/C18-Steroid hormone biosynthesis, pregnenolone => androstenedione => estrone [PATH:mlf00140 mlf01100]

Lipid metabolism
M00089 Triacylglycerol biosynthesis [PATH:mlf00561 mlf01100]
M00098 Acylglycerol degradation [PATH:mlf00561 mlf01100]
M00090 Phosphatidylcholine (PC) biosynthesis, choline => PC [PATH:mlf00564 mlf01100]
M00091 Phosphatidylcholine (PC) biosynthesis, PE => PC [PATH:mlf00564 mlf01100]
M00092 Phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) biosynthesis, ethanolamine => PE [PATH:mlf00564 mlf01100]
M00094 Ceramide biosynthesis [PATH:mlf00600 mlf01100]
M00066 Lactosylceramide biosynthesis [PATH:mlf00600 mlf01100]
M00099 Sphingosine biosynthesis [PATH:mlf00600 mlf01100]
M00100 Sphingosine degradation [PATH:mlf00600 mlf01100]

Nucleotide metabolism
Purine metabolism
M00048 De novo purine biosynthesis, PRPP + glutamine => IMP [PATH:mlf00230 mlf01100]
M00049 Adenine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, IMP => ADP,ATP [PATH:mlf00230 mlf01232 mlf01240 mlf01100]
M00050 Guanine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, IMP => GDP,GTP [PATH:mlf00230 mlf01232 mlf01100]
M00053 Deoxyribonucleotide biosynthesis, ADP/GDP/CDP/UDP => dATP/dGTP/dCTP/dUTP [PATH:mlf00230 mlf00240 mlf01232 mlf01100]
M00958 Adenine ribonucleotide degradation, AMP => Urate [PATH:mlf00230 mlf01232 mlf01100]
M00959 Guanine ribonucleotide degradation, GMP => Urate [PATH:mlf00230 mlf01232 mlf01100]

Pyrimidine metabolism
M00051 De novo pyrimidine biosynthesis, glutamine (+ PRPP) => UMP [PATH:mlf00240 mlf01240 mlf01100]
M00052 Pyrimidine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, UMP => UDP/UTP,CDP/CTP [PATH:mlf00240 mlf01232 mlf01240 mlf01100]
M00938 Pyrimidine deoxyribonucleotide biosynthesis, UDP => dTTP [PATH:mlf00240 mlf01232 mlf01100]
M00046 Pyrimidine degradation, uracil => beta-alanine, thymine => 3-aminoisobutanoate [PATH:mlf00240 mlf00410 mlf00770 mlf01100]

Amino acid metabolism
Serine and threonine metabolism
M00020 Serine biosynthesis, glycerate-3P => serine [PATH:mlf00260 mlf01200 mlf01230 mlf01100]
M00621 Glycine cleavage system [PATH:mlf00260 mlf00630 mlf01200 mlf01100]
M00555 Betaine biosynthesis, choline => betaine [PATH:mlf00260 mlf01100]

Cysteine and methionine metabolism
M00338 Cysteine biosynthesis, homocysteine + serine => cysteine [PATH:mlf00260 mlf00270 mlf01230 mlf01100]
M00035 Methionine degradation [PATH:mlf00270 mlf01100]

Branched-chain amino acid metabolism
M00036 Leucine degradation, leucine => acetoacetate + acetyl-CoA [PATH:mlf00280 mlf01100]

Lysine metabolism
Arginine and proline metabolism
M00844 Arginine biosynthesis, ornithine => arginine [PATH:mlf00220 mlf01230 mlf01100]
M00029 Urea cycle [PATH:mlf00220 mlf01230 mlf01100]
M00015 Proline biosynthesis, glutamate => proline [PATH:mlf00330 mlf01230 mlf01100]
M00970 Proline degradation, proline => glutamate [PATH:mlf00330 mlf01100]
M00972 Proline metabolism [PATH:mlf00330]
M00047 Creatine pathway [PATH:mlf00330 mlf01100]

Polyamine biosynthesis
M00133 Polyamine biosynthesis, arginine => agmatine => putrescine => spermidine [PATH:mlf00330 mlf01100]
M00134 Polyamine biosynthesis, arginine => ornithine => putrescine [PATH:mlf00330 mlf01100]
M00135 GABA biosynthesis, eukaryotes, putrescine => GABA [PATH:mlf00330 mlf01100]

Histidine metabolism
M00045 Histidine degradation, histidine => N-formiminoglutamate => glutamate [PATH:mlf00340 mlf01100]

Aromatic amino acid metabolism
M00038 Tryptophan metabolism, tryptophan => kynurenine => 2-aminomuconate [PATH:mlf00380 mlf01100]

Other amino acid metabolism
M00027 GABA (gamma-Aminobutyrate) shunt [PATH:mlf00250 mlf00650 mlf01100]
M00118 Glutathione biosynthesis, glutamate => glutathione [PATH:mlf00480 mlf01240 mlf01100]

Glycan metabolism
Glycan biosynthesis
M00055 N-glycan precursor biosynthesis [PATH:mlf00510 mlf01100]
M00073 N-glycan precursor trimming [PATH:mlf00510 mlf01100]
M00075 N-glycan biosynthesis, complex type [PATH:mlf00510 mlf01100]
M00872 O-glycan biosynthesis, mannose type (core M3) [PATH:mlf00515 mlf01100]
M00065 GPI-anchor biosynthesis, core oligosaccharide [PATH:mlf00563 mlf01100]
M00070 Glycosphingolipid biosynthesis, lacto-series, LacCer => Lc4Cer [PATH:mlf00601 mlf01100]
M00071 Glycosphingolipid biosynthesis, neolacto-series, LacCer => nLc4Cer [PATH:mlf00601 mlf01100]
M00069 Glycosphingolipid biosynthesis, ganglio series, LacCer => GT3 [PATH:mlf00604 mlf01100]

Glycosaminoglycan metabolism
M00058 Glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis, chondroitin sulfate backbone [PATH:mlf00532 mlf01100]
M00059 Glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis, heparan sulfate backbone [PATH:mlf00534 mlf01100]
M00077 Chondroitin sulfate degradation [PATH:mlf00531 mlf01100]
M00079 Keratan sulfate degradation [PATH:mlf00531 mlf01100]

Lipopolysaccharide metabolism
Metabolism of cofactors and vitamins
Cofactor and vitamin metabolism
M00120 Coenzyme A biosynthesis, pantothenate => CoA [PATH:mlf00770 mlf01240 mlf01100]
M00882 Lipoic acid biosynthesis, eukaryotes, octanoyl-ACP => dihydrolipoyl-H [PATH:mlf00785 mlf01240 mlf01100]
M00883 Lipoic acid biosynthesis, animals and bacteria, octanoyl-ACP => dihydrolipoyl-H => dihydrolipoyl-E2 [PATH:mlf00785 mlf01240 mlf01100]
M00842 Tetrahydrobiopterin biosynthesis, GTP => BH4 [PATH:mlf00790 mlf01240 mlf01100]
M00880 Molybdenum cofactor biosynthesis, GTP => molybdenum cofactor [PATH:mlf00790 mlf01240 mlf01100]
M00141 C1-unit interconversion, eukaryotes [PATH:mlf00670 mlf01240 mlf01100]
M00868 Heme biosynthesis, animals and fungi, glycine => heme [PATH:mlf00860 mlf01240 mlf01100]
M00128 Ubiquinone biosynthesis, eukaryotes, 4-hydroxybenzoate + polyprenyl-PP => ubiquinol [PATH:mlf00130 mlf01240 mlf01100]

Biosynthesis of terpenoids and polyketides
Terpenoid backbone biosynthesis
M00095 C5 isoprenoid biosynthesis, mevalonate pathway [PATH:mlf00900 mlf01100]
M00367 C10-C20 isoprenoid biosynthesis, non-plant eukaryotes [PATH:mlf00900 mlf01100]

Plant terpenoid biosynthesis
Macrolide biosynthesis
Enediyne biosynthesis
Type II polyketide biosynthesis
Polyketide sugar unit biosynthesis
Biosynthesis of other secondary metabolites
Biosynthesis of phytochemical compounds
Biosynthesis of beta-lactams
Biosynthesis of other antibiotics
Biosynthesis of other fungal compounds
Biosynthesis of other bacterial compounds
Xenobiotics biodegradation
Aromatics degradation

Gene set
Pathogenicity
Drug resistance
Plant pathogenicity
Symbiosis
Module set
Metabolic capacity