KEGG Modules

Carbohydrate metabolism
Central carbohydrate metabolism
M00001 Glycolysis (Embden-Meyerhof pathway), glucose => pyruvate [PATH:mmyo00010 mmyo01200 mmyo01100]
M00002 Glycolysis, core module involving three-carbon compounds [PATH:mmyo00010 mmyo01200 mmyo01230 mmyo01100]
M00003 Gluconeogenesis, oxaloacetate => fructose-6P [PATH:mmyo00010 mmyo00020 mmyo01100]
M00307 Pyruvate oxidation, pyruvate => acetyl-CoA [PATH:mmyo00010 mmyo00020 mmyo00620 mmyo00785 mmyo01200 mmyo01210 mmyo01100]
M00009 Citrate cycle (TCA cycle, Krebs cycle) [PATH:mmyo00020 mmyo01200 mmyo01100]
M00010 Citrate cycle, first carbon oxidation, oxaloacetate => 2-oxoglutarate [PATH:mmyo00020 mmyo01200 mmyo01210 mmyo01230 mmyo01100]
M00011 Citrate cycle, second carbon oxidation, 2-oxoglutarate => oxaloacetate [PATH:mmyo00020 mmyo01200 mmyo01210 mmyo01100]
M00004 Pentose phosphate pathway (Pentose phosphate cycle) [PATH:mmyo00030 mmyo01200 mmyo01100]
M00006 Pentose phosphate pathway, oxidative phase, glucose 6P => ribulose 5P [PATH:mmyo00030 mmyo01200 mmyo01100]
M00007 Pentose phosphate pathway, non-oxidative phase, fructose 6P => ribose 5P [PATH:mmyo00030 mmyo01200 mmyo01230 mmyo01100]
M00005 PRPP biosynthesis, ribose 5P => PRPP [PATH:mmyo00030 mmyo00230 mmyo01200 mmyo01230 mmyo01100]

Other carbohydrate metabolism
M00014 Glucuronate pathway (uronate pathway) [PATH:mmyo00040 mmyo01100]
M00632 Galactose degradation, Leloir pathway, galactose => alpha-D-glucose-1P [PATH:mmyo00052 mmyo01100]
M00854 Glycogen biosynthesis, glucose-1P => glycogen/starch [PATH:mmyo00500 mmyo01100]
M00855 Glycogen degradation, glycogen => glucose-6P [PATH:mmyo00500 mmyo01100]
M00549 Nucleotide sugar biosynthesis, glucose => UDP-glucose [PATH:mmyo00520 mmyo01250 mmyo01100]
M00554 Nucleotide sugar biosynthesis, galactose => UDP-galactose [PATH:mmyo00520 mmyo00052 mmyo01250 mmyo01100]
M00892 UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine biosynthesis, eukaryotes, glucose => UDP-GlcNAc [PATH:mmyo00520 mmyo01250 mmyo01100]
M00741 Propanoyl-CoA metabolism, propanoyl-CoA => succinyl-CoA [PATH:mmyo00280 mmyo00630 mmyo00640 mmyo01200 mmyo01100]
M00130 Inositol phosphate metabolism, PI=> PIP2 => Ins(1,4,5)P3 => Ins(1,3,4,5)P4 [PATH:mmyo00562 mmyo01100]
M00131 Inositol phosphate metabolism, Ins(1,3,4,5)P4 => Ins(1,3,4)P3 => myo-inositol [PATH:mmyo00562 mmyo01100]

Energy metabolism
Carbon fixation
Methane metabolism
Nitrogen metabolism
Sulfur metabolism
Photosynthesis
ATP synthesis
M00142 NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase, mitochondria [PATH:mmyo00190 mmyo01100]
M00147 NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) 1 beta subcomplex [PATH:mmyo00190 mmyo01100]
M00148 Succinate dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) [PATH:mmyo00190 mmyo01100]
M00151 Cytochrome bc1 complex respiratory unit [PATH:mmyo00190 mmyo01100]
M00152 Cytochrome bc1 complex [PATH:mmyo00190 mmyo01100]
M00154 Cytochrome c oxidase [PATH:mmyo00190 mmyo01100]
M00158 F-type ATPase, eukaryotes [PATH:mmyo00190 mmyo01100]
M00160 V-type ATPase, eukaryotes [PATH:mmyo00190 mmyo01100]

Lipid metabolism
Fatty acid metabolism
M00082 Fatty acid biosynthesis, initiation [PATH:mmyo00061 mmyo01212 mmyo01100]
M00083 Fatty acid biosynthesis, elongation [PATH:mmyo00061 mmyo01212 mmyo01100]
M00873 Fatty acid biosynthesis in mitochondria, animals [PATH:mmyo00061 mmyo01212 mmyo01100]
M00085 Fatty acid elongation in mitochondria [PATH:mmyo00062 mmyo01212 mmyo01100]
M00415 Fatty acid elongation in endoplasmic reticulum [PATH:mmyo00062 mmyo01040 mmyo01212 mmyo01100]
M00086 beta-Oxidation, acyl-CoA synthesis [PATH:mmyo00061 mmyo00071 mmyo01212 mmyo01100]
M00087 beta-Oxidation [PATH:mmyo00071 mmyo01212 mmyo01100]
M00861 beta-Oxidation, peroxisome, VLCFA [PATH:mmyo01040 mmyo01212 mmyo01100]

Sterol biosynthesis
M00101 Cholesterol biosynthesis, FPP => cholesterol [PATH:mmyo00100 mmyo01100]
M00103 Cholecalciferol biosynthesis [PATH:mmyo00100 mmyo01100]
M00106 Conjugated bile acid biosynthesis, cholate => taurocholate/glycocholate [PATH:mmyo00120 mmyo01100]
M00862 beta-Oxidation, peroxisome, tri/dihydroxycholestanoyl-CoA => choloyl/chenodeoxycholoyl-CoA [PATH:mmyo00120 mmyo01100]
M00107 Steroid hormone biosynthesis, cholesterol => pregnenolone => progesterone [PATH:mmyo00140 mmyo01100]
M00109 C21-Steroid hormone biosynthesis, progesterone => cortisol/cortisone [PATH:mmyo00140 mmyo01100]
M00110 C19/C18-Steroid hormone biosynthesis, pregnenolone => androstenedione => estrone [PATH:mmyo00140 mmyo01100]
M00976 C19-Steroid hormone biosynthesis, pregnenolone => testosterone => dihydrotestosterone [PATH:mmyo00140 mmyo01100]

Lipid metabolism
M00089 Triacylglycerol biosynthesis [PATH:mmyo00561 mmyo01100]
M00098 Acylglycerol degradation [PATH:mmyo00561 mmyo01100]
M00090 Phosphatidylcholine (PC) biosynthesis, choline => PC [PATH:mmyo00564 mmyo01100]
M00091 Phosphatidylcholine (PC) biosynthesis, PE => PC [PATH:mmyo00564 mmyo01100]
M00092 Phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) biosynthesis, ethanolamine => PE [PATH:mmyo00564 mmyo01100]
M00094 Ceramide biosynthesis [PATH:mmyo00600 mmyo01100]
M00066 Lactosylceramide biosynthesis [PATH:mmyo00600 mmyo01100]
M00067 Sulfoglycolipids biosynthesis, ceramide/1-alkyl-2-acylglycerol => sulfatide/seminolipid [PATH:mmyo00600 mmyo00565 mmyo01100]
M00099 Sphingosine biosynthesis [PATH:mmyo00600 mmyo01100]
M00100 Sphingosine degradation [PATH:mmyo00600 mmyo01100]

Nucleotide metabolism
Purine metabolism
M00048 De novo purine biosynthesis, PRPP + glutamine => IMP [PATH:mmyo00230 mmyo01100]
M00049 Adenine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, IMP => ADP,ATP [PATH:mmyo00230 mmyo01232 mmyo01240 mmyo01100]
M00050 Guanine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, IMP => GDP,GTP [PATH:mmyo00230 mmyo01232 mmyo01100]
M00053 Deoxyribonucleotide biosynthesis, ADP/GDP/CDP/UDP => dATP/dGTP/dCTP/dUTP [PATH:mmyo00230 mmyo00240 mmyo01232 mmyo01100]
M00958 Adenine ribonucleotide degradation, AMP => Urate [PATH:mmyo00230 mmyo01232 mmyo01100]
M00959 Guanine ribonucleotide degradation, GMP => Urate [PATH:mmyo00230 mmyo01232 mmyo01100]

Pyrimidine metabolism
M00051 De novo pyrimidine biosynthesis, glutamine (+ PRPP) => UMP [PATH:mmyo00240 mmyo01240 mmyo01100]
M00052 Pyrimidine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, UMP => UDP/UTP,CDP/CTP [PATH:mmyo00240 mmyo01232 mmyo01240 mmyo01100]
M00938 Pyrimidine deoxyribonucleotide biosynthesis, UDP => dTTP [PATH:mmyo00240 mmyo01232 mmyo01100]
M00046 Pyrimidine degradation, uracil => beta-alanine, thymine => 3-aminoisobutanoate [PATH:mmyo00240 mmyo00410 mmyo00770 mmyo01100]

Amino acid metabolism
Serine and threonine metabolism
M00020 Serine biosynthesis, glycerate-3P => serine [PATH:mmyo00260 mmyo01200 mmyo01230 mmyo01100]
M00621 Glycine cleavage system [PATH:mmyo00260 mmyo00630 mmyo00785 mmyo01200 mmyo01100]
M00555 Betaine biosynthesis, choline => betaine [PATH:mmyo00260 mmyo01100]
M00974 Betaine metabolism, animals, betaine => glycine [PATH:mmyo00260 mmyo01100]

Cysteine and methionine metabolism
M00338 Cysteine biosynthesis, homocysteine + serine => cysteine [PATH:mmyo00260 mmyo00270 mmyo01230 mmyo01100]
M00034 Methionine salvage pathway [PATH:mmyo00270 mmyo01100]
M00035 Methionine degradation [PATH:mmyo00270 mmyo01100]

Branched-chain amino acid metabolism
M00036 Leucine degradation, leucine => acetoacetate + acetyl-CoA [PATH:mmyo00280 mmyo01100]

Lysine metabolism
M00032 Lysine degradation, lysine => saccharopine => acetoacetyl-CoA [PATH:mmyo00310 mmyo01210 mmyo01100]

Arginine and proline metabolism
M00844 Arginine biosynthesis, ornithine => arginine [PATH:mmyo00220 mmyo01230 mmyo01100]
M00029 Urea cycle [PATH:mmyo00220 mmyo01230 mmyo01100]
M00015 Proline biosynthesis, glutamate => proline [PATH:mmyo00330 mmyo01230 mmyo01100]
M00970 Proline degradation, proline => glutamate [PATH:mmyo00330 mmyo01100]
M00972 Proline metabolism [PATH:mmyo00330 mmyo01100]
M00047 Creatine pathway [PATH:mmyo00330 mmyo00260 mmyo01100]

Polyamine biosynthesis
M00134 Polyamine biosynthesis, arginine => ornithine => putrescine [PATH:mmyo00330 mmyo01100]
M00135 GABA biosynthesis, eukaryotes, putrescine => GABA [PATH:mmyo00330 mmyo01100]

Histidine metabolism
M00045 Histidine degradation, histidine => N-formiminoglutamate => glutamate [PATH:mmyo00340 mmyo01100]

Aromatic amino acid metabolism
M00042 Catecholamine biosynthesis, tyrosine => dopamine => noradrenaline => adrenaline [PATH:mmyo00350 mmyo01100]
M00043 Thyroid hormone biosynthesis, tyrosine => triiodothyronine/thyroxine [PATH:mmyo00350 mmyo01100]
M00044 Tyrosine degradation, tyrosine => homogentisate [PATH:mmyo00350 mmyo01100]
M00037 Melatonin biosynthesis, animals, tryptophan => serotonin => melatonin [PATH:mmyo00380 mmyo01100]
M00038 Tryptophan metabolism, tryptophan => kynurenine => 2-aminomuconate [PATH:mmyo00380 mmyo01100]

Other amino acid metabolism
M00027 GABA (gamma-Aminobutyrate) shunt [PATH:mmyo00250 mmyo00650 mmyo01100]
M00118 Glutathione biosynthesis, glutamate => glutathione [PATH:mmyo00480 mmyo01240 mmyo01100]

Glycan metabolism
Glycan biosynthesis
M00055 N-glycan precursor biosynthesis [PATH:mmyo00510 mmyo01100]
M00075 N-glycan biosynthesis, complex type [PATH:mmyo00510 mmyo01100]
M00065 GPI-anchor biosynthesis, core oligosaccharide [PATH:mmyo00563 mmyo01100]
M00070 Glycosphingolipid biosynthesis, lacto-series, LacCer => Lc4Cer [PATH:mmyo00601 mmyo01100]
M00071 Glycosphingolipid biosynthesis, neolacto-series, LacCer => nLc4Cer [PATH:mmyo00601 mmyo01100]
M00068 Glycosphingolipid biosynthesis, globo-series, LacCer => Gb4Cer [PATH:mmyo00603 mmyo01100]
M00069 Glycosphingolipid biosynthesis, ganglio series, LacCer => GT3 [PATH:mmyo00604 mmyo01100]

Glycosaminoglycan metabolism
M00057 Glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis, linkage tetrasaccharide [PATH:mmyo00532 mmyo00534 mmyo01100]
M00058 Glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis, chondroitin sulfate backbone [PATH:mmyo00532 mmyo01100]
M00059 Glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis, heparan sulfate backbone [PATH:mmyo00534 mmyo01100]
M00076 Dermatan sulfate degradation [PATH:mmyo00531 mmyo01100]
M00077 Chondroitin sulfate degradation [PATH:mmyo00531 mmyo01100]
M00078 Heparan sulfate degradation [PATH:mmyo00531 mmyo01100]
M00079 Keratan sulfate degradation [PATH:mmyo00531 mmyo01100]

Lipopolysaccharide metabolism
Other polysaccharide metabolism
Metabolism of cofactors and vitamins
Cofactor and vitamin metabolism
M00912 NAD biosynthesis, tryptophan => quinolinate => NAD [PATH:mmyo00380 mmyo00760 mmyo01240 mmyo01100]
M00120 Coenzyme A biosynthesis, pantothenate => CoA [PATH:mmyo00770 mmyo01240 mmyo01100]
M00882 Lipoic acid biosynthesis, eukaryotes, octanoyl-ACP => dihydrolipoyl-H [PATH:mmyo00785 mmyo01240 mmyo01100]
M00883 Lipoic acid biosynthesis, animals and bacteria, octanoyl-ACP => dihydrolipoyl-H => dihydrolipoyl-E2 [PATH:mmyo00785 mmyo01240 mmyo01100]
M00842 Tetrahydrobiopterin biosynthesis, GTP => BH4 [PATH:mmyo00790 mmyo01240 mmyo01100]
M00880 Molybdenum cofactor biosynthesis, GTP => molybdenum cofactor [PATH:mmyo00790 mmyo01240 mmyo01100]
M00141 C1-unit interconversion, eukaryotes [PATH:mmyo00670 mmyo01240 mmyo01100]
M00868 Heme biosynthesis, animals and fungi, glycine => heme [PATH:mmyo00860 mmyo01240 mmyo01100]
M00128 Ubiquinone biosynthesis, eukaryotes, 4-hydroxybenzoate + polyprenyl-PP => ubiquinol [PATH:mmyo00130 mmyo01240 mmyo01100]

Biosynthesis of terpenoids and polyketides
Terpenoid backbone biosynthesis
M00095 C5 isoprenoid biosynthesis, mevalonate pathway [PATH:mmyo00900 mmyo01100]
M00367 C10-C20 isoprenoid biosynthesis, non-plant eukaryotes [PATH:mmyo00900 mmyo01100]

Plant terpenoid biosynthesis
Macrolide biosynthesis
Enediyne biosynthesis
Type II polyketide biosynthesis
Polyketide sugar unit biosynthesis
Biosynthesis of other secondary metabolites
Biosynthesis of phytochemical compounds
Biosynthesis of beta-lactams
Biosynthesis of other antibiotics
Biosynthesis of other fungal compounds
Biosynthesis of other bacterial compounds
Xenobiotics biodegradation
Aromatics degradation

Gene set
Pathogenicity
Drug resistance
Plant pathogenicity
Symbiosis
Module set
Metabolic capacity