KEGG Modules

Carbohydrate metabolism
Central carbohydrate metabolism
M00001 Glycolysis (Embden-Meyerhof pathway), glucose => pyruvate [PATH:osa00010 osa01200 osa01100]
M00002 Glycolysis, core module involving three-carbon compounds [PATH:osa00010 osa01200 osa01230 osa01100]
M00003 Gluconeogenesis, oxaloacetate => fructose-6P [PATH:osa00010 osa00020 osa01100]
M00307 Pyruvate oxidation, pyruvate => acetyl-CoA [PATH:osa00010 osa00020 osa00620 osa00785 osa01200 osa01210 osa01100]
M00009 Citrate cycle (TCA cycle, Krebs cycle) [PATH:osa00020 osa01200 osa01100]
M00010 Citrate cycle, first carbon oxidation, oxaloacetate => 2-oxoglutarate [PATH:osa00020 osa01200 osa01210 osa01230 osa01100]
M00011 Citrate cycle, second carbon oxidation, 2-oxoglutarate => oxaloacetate [PATH:osa00020 osa01200 osa01210 osa01100]
M00004 Pentose phosphate pathway (Pentose phosphate cycle) [PATH:osa00030 osa01200 osa01100]
M00006 Pentose phosphate pathway, oxidative phase, glucose 6P => ribulose 5P [PATH:osa00030 osa01200 osa01100]
M00007 Pentose phosphate pathway, non-oxidative phase, fructose 6P => ribose 5P [PATH:osa00030 osa01200 osa01230 osa01100]
M00005 PRPP biosynthesis, ribose 5P => PRPP [PATH:osa00030 osa00230 osa01200 osa01230 osa01100]

Other carbohydrate metabolism
M00081 Pectin degradation [PATH:osa00040 osa01100]
M00114 Ascorbate biosynthesis, plants, fructose-6P => ascorbate [PATH:osa00051 osa00053 osa01240 osa01100 osa01110]
M00854 Glycogen biosynthesis, glucose-1P => glycogen/starch [PATH:osa00500 osa01100]
M00549 Nucleotide sugar biosynthesis, glucose => UDP-glucose [PATH:osa00520 osa01250 osa01100]
M00892 UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine biosynthesis, eukaryotes, glucose => UDP-GlcNAc [PATH:osa00520 osa01250 osa01100]
M00012 Glyoxylate cycle [PATH:osa00630 osa01200 osa01100 osa01110]
M00532 Photorespiration [PATH:osa00630 osa01200 osa01100 osa01110]
M00132 Inositol phosphate metabolism, Ins(1,3,4)P3 => phytate [PATH:osa00562 osa01100]

Energy metabolism
Carbon fixation
M00165 Reductive pentose phosphate cycle (Calvin cycle) [PATH:osa00710 osa01200 osa01100]
M00168 CAM (Crassulacean acid metabolism), dark [PATH:osa00620 osa00710 osa01200 osa01100]
M00169 CAM (Crassulacean acid metabolism), light [PATH:osa00620 osa00710 osa01200 osa01100]
M00172 C4-dicarboxylic acid cycle, NADP - malic enzyme type [PATH:osa00620 osa00710 osa01200 osa01100]
M00171 C4-dicarboxylic acid cycle, NAD - malic enzyme type [PATH:osa00710 osa01200 osa01100]
M00170 C4-dicarboxylic acid cycle, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase type [PATH:osa00710 osa01200 osa01100]

Methane metabolism
Nitrogen metabolism
M00531 Assimilatory nitrate reduction, nitrate => ammonia [PATH:osa00910 osa01100]

Sulfur metabolism
M00176 Assimilatory sulfate reduction, sulfate => H2S [PATH:osa00920 osa01100]

Photosynthesis
M00161 Photosystem II [PATH:osa00195 osa01100]
M00163 Photosystem I [PATH:osa00195 osa01100]

ATP synthesis
M00145 NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase, chloroplasts and cyanobacteria [PATH:osa00190 osa01100]
M00142 NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase, mitochondria [PATH:osa00190 osa01100]
M00143 NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) Fe-S protein/flavoprotein complex, mitochondria [PATH:osa00190 osa01100]
M00148 Succinate dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) [PATH:osa00190 osa01100]
M00151 Cytochrome bc1 complex respiratory unit [PATH:osa00190 osa01100]
M00157 F-type ATPase, prokaryotes and chloroplasts [PATH:osa00190 osa00195 osa01100]

Lipid metabolism
Fatty acid metabolism
M00082 Fatty acid biosynthesis, initiation [PATH:osa00061 osa01212 osa01100]
M00083 Fatty acid biosynthesis, elongation [PATH:osa00061 osa01212 osa01100]
M00415 Fatty acid elongation in endoplasmic reticulum [PATH:osa00062 osa01040 osa01212 osa01100]
M00086 beta-Oxidation, acyl-CoA synthesis [PATH:osa00061 osa00071 osa01212 osa01100]
M00087 beta-Oxidation [PATH:osa00071 osa01212 osa01100]

Sterol biosynthesis
M00917 Phytosterol biosynthesis, squalene 2,3-epoxide => campesterol/sitosterol [PATH:osa00100 osa01100 osa01110]

Lipid metabolism
M00089 Triacylglycerol biosynthesis [PATH:osa00561 osa01100]
M00098 Acylglycerol degradation [PATH:osa00561 osa01100]
M00092 Phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) biosynthesis, ethanolamine => PE [PATH:osa00564 osa01100]
M00100 Sphingosine degradation [PATH:osa00600 osa01100]
M00113 Jasmonic acid biosynthesis [PATH:osa00592 osa01100 osa01110]

Nucleotide metabolism
Purine metabolism
M00048 De novo purine biosynthesis, PRPP + glutamine => IMP [PATH:osa00230 osa01100]
M00049 Adenine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, IMP => ADP,ATP [PATH:osa00230 osa01232 osa01240 osa01100]
M00050 Guanine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, IMP => GDP,GTP [PATH:osa00230 osa01232 osa01100]
M00053 Deoxyribonucleotide biosynthesis, ADP/GDP/CDP/UDP => dATP/dGTP/dCTP/dUTP [PATH:osa00230 osa00240 osa01232 osa01100]

Pyrimidine metabolism
M00052 Pyrimidine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, UMP => UDP/UTP,CDP/CTP [PATH:osa00240 osa01232 osa01240 osa01100]
M00938 Pyrimidine deoxyribonucleotide biosynthesis, UDP => dTTP [PATH:osa00240 osa01232 osa01100]
M00046 Pyrimidine degradation, uracil => beta-alanine, thymine => 3-aminoisobutanoate [PATH:osa00240 osa00410 osa00770 osa01100]

Amino acid metabolism
Serine and threonine metabolism
M00020 Serine biosynthesis, glycerate-3P => serine [PATH:osa00260 osa01200 osa01230 osa01100]
M00018 Threonine biosynthesis, aspartate => homoserine => threonine [PATH:osa00260 osa01230 osa01100 osa01110]
M00621 Glycine cleavage system [PATH:osa00260 osa00630 osa00785 osa01200 osa01100]
M00555 Betaine biosynthesis, choline => betaine [PATH:osa00260 osa01100]

Cysteine and methionine metabolism
M00021 Cysteine biosynthesis, serine => cysteine [PATH:osa00270 osa00920 osa01200 osa01230 osa01100 osa01110]
M00034 Methionine salvage pathway [PATH:osa00270 osa01100]
M00368 Ethylene biosynthesis, methionine => ethylene [PATH:osa00270 osa01100 osa01110]

Branched-chain amino acid metabolism
M00019 Valine/isoleucine biosynthesis, pyruvate => valine / 2-oxobutanoate => isoleucine [PATH:osa00290 osa00770 osa01210 osa01230 osa01100 osa01110]
M00570 Isoleucine biosynthesis, threonine => 2-oxobutanoate => isoleucine [PATH:osa00290 osa01230 osa01100]
M00432 Leucine biosynthesis, 2-oxoisovalerate => 2-oxoisocaproate [PATH:osa00290 osa01210 osa01230 osa01100 osa01110]
M00036 Leucine degradation, leucine => acetoacetate + acetyl-CoA [PATH:osa00280 osa01100]

Lysine metabolism
M00527 Lysine biosynthesis, DAP aminotransferase pathway, aspartate => lysine [PATH:osa00300 osa01230 osa01100 osa01110]

Arginine and proline metabolism
M00028 Ornithine biosynthesis, glutamate => ornithine [PATH:osa00220 osa01210 osa01230 osa01100]
M00844 Arginine biosynthesis, ornithine => arginine [PATH:osa00220 osa01230 osa01100]
M00015 Proline biosynthesis, glutamate => proline [PATH:osa00330 osa01230 osa01100]
M00970 Proline degradation, proline => glutamate [PATH:osa00330 osa01100]
M00972 Proline metabolism [PATH:osa00330 osa01100]

Polyamine biosynthesis
M00134 Polyamine biosynthesis, arginine => ornithine => putrescine [PATH:osa00330 osa01100]

Histidine metabolism
M00026 Histidine biosynthesis, PRPP => histidine [PATH:osa00340 osa01230 osa01100 osa01110]

Aromatic amino acid metabolism
M00022 Shikimate pathway, phosphoenolpyruvate + erythrose-4P => chorismate [PATH:osa00400 osa01230 osa01100 osa01110]
M00023 Tryptophan biosynthesis, chorismate => tryptophan [PATH:osa00400 osa01230 osa01100 osa01110]
M00910 Phenylalanine biosynthesis, chorismate => arogenate => phenylalanine [PATH:osa00400 osa01230 osa01100 osa01110]
M00040 Tyrosine biosynthesis, chorismate => arogenate => tyrosine [PATH:osa00400 osa01230 osa01100 osa01110]
M00044 Tyrosine degradation, tyrosine => homogentisate [PATH:osa00350 osa01100]
M00936 Melatonin biosynthesis, plants, tryptophan => serotonin => melatonin [PATH:osa00380 osa01100 osa01110]

Other amino acid metabolism
M00027 GABA (gamma-Aminobutyrate) shunt [PATH:osa00250 osa00650 osa01100]
M00118 Glutathione biosynthesis, glutamate => glutathione [PATH:osa00480 osa01240 osa01100]

Glycan metabolism
Glycan biosynthesis
M00055 N-glycan precursor biosynthesis [PATH:osa00510 osa01100]
M00073 N-glycan precursor trimming [PATH:osa00510 osa01100]

Glycosaminoglycan metabolism
Lipopolysaccharide metabolism
Metabolism of cofactors and vitamins
Cofactor and vitamin metabolism
M00897 Thiamine biosynthesis, plants, AIR (+ NAD+) => TMP/thiamine/TPP [PATH:osa00730 osa01240 osa01100]
M00899 Thiamine salvage pathway, HMP/HET => TMP [PATH:osa00730 osa01100]
M00125 Riboflavin biosynthesis, plants and bacteria, GTP => riboflavin/FMN/FAD [PATH:osa00740 osa01240 osa01100 osa01110]
M00916 Pyridoxal-P biosynthesis, R5P + glyceraldehyde-3P + glutamine => pyridoxal-P [PATH:osa00750 osa01240 osa01100]
M00115 NAD biosynthesis, aspartate => quinolinate => NAD [PATH:osa00760 osa01240 osa01100]
M00120 Coenzyme A biosynthesis, pantothenate => CoA [PATH:osa00770 osa01240 osa01100]
M00123 Biotin biosynthesis, pimeloyl-ACP/CoA => biotin [PATH:osa00780 osa01240 osa01100]
M00881 Lipoic acid biosynthesis, plants and bacteria, octanoyl-ACP => dihydrolipoyl-E2/H [PATH:osa00785 osa01240 osa01100]
M00882 Lipoic acid biosynthesis, eukaryotes, octanoyl-ACP => dihydrolipoyl-H [PATH:osa00785 osa01240 osa01100]
M00880 Molybdenum cofactor biosynthesis, GTP => molybdenum cofactor [PATH:osa00790 osa01240 osa01100]
M00121 Heme biosynthesis, plants and bacteria, glutamate => heme [PATH:osa00860 osa01240 osa01100 osa01110]
M00932 Phylloquinone biosynthesis, chorismate (+ phytyl-PP) => phylloquinol [PATH:osa00130 osa01240 osa01100 osa01110]
M00112 Tocopherol/tocotorienol biosynthesis, homogentisate + phytyl/geranylgeranyl-PP => tocopherol/tocotorienol [PATH:osa00130 osa01240 osa01100 osa01110]
M00933 Plastoquinone biosynthesis, homogentisate + solanesyl-PP => plastoquinol [PATH:osa00130 osa01240 osa01100 osa01110]

Biosynthesis of terpenoids and polyketides
Terpenoid backbone biosynthesis
M00095 C5 isoprenoid biosynthesis, mevalonate pathway [PATH:osa00900 osa01100 osa01110]
M00096 C5 isoprenoid biosynthesis, non-mevalonate pathway [PATH:osa00900 osa01100 osa01110]
M00366 C10-C20 isoprenoid biosynthesis, plants [PATH:osa00900 osa01100 osa01110]

Plant terpenoid biosynthesis
M00097 beta-Carotene biosynthesis, GGAP => beta-carotene [PATH:osa00906 osa01100 osa01110]
M00372 Abscisic acid biosynthesis, beta-carotene => abscisic acid [PATH:osa00906 osa01100 osa01110]
M00927 Gibberellin A12 biosynthesis, GAPP => GA12 [PATH:osa00904 osa01100 osa01110]
M00928 Gibberellin A4/A1 biosynthesis, GA12/GA53 => GA4/GA1 [PATH:osa00904 osa01100 osa01110]

Macrolide biosynthesis
Enediyne biosynthesis
Type II polyketide biosynthesis
Polyketide sugar unit biosynthesis
Biosynthesis of other secondary metabolites
Biosynthesis of phytochemical compounds
M00039 Monolignol biosynthesis, phenylalanine/tyrosine => monolignol [PATH:osa00940 osa01100 osa01110]
M00137 Flavanone biosynthesis, phenylalanine => naringenin [PATH:osa00940 osa00941 osa01100 osa01110]
M00953 Mugineic acid biosynthesis, methionine => 3-epihydroxymugineic acid [PATH:osa00999 osa01100 osa01110]

Biosynthesis of beta-lactams
Biosynthesis of other antibiotics
Biosynthesis of other fungal compounds
Biosynthesis of other bacterial compounds
Xenobiotics biodegradation
Aromatics degradation

Gene set
Pathogenicity
Drug resistance
Plant pathogenicity
Symbiosis
Module set
Metabolic capacity
M00611 Oxygenic photosynthesis in plants and cyanobacteria
M00615 Nitrate assimilation