KEGG Modules

Carbohydrate metabolism
Central carbohydrate metabolism
M00001 Glycolysis (Embden-Meyerhof pathway), glucose => pyruvate [PATH:pans00010 pans01200 pans01100]
M00002 Glycolysis, core module involving three-carbon compounds [PATH:pans00010 pans01200 pans01230 pans01100]
M00003 Gluconeogenesis, oxaloacetate => fructose-6P [PATH:pans00010 pans00020 pans01100]
M00307 Pyruvate oxidation, pyruvate => acetyl-CoA [PATH:pans00010 pans00020 pans00620 pans01200 pans01100]
M00009 Citrate cycle (TCA cycle, Krebs cycle) [PATH:pans00020 pans01200 pans01100]
M00010 Citrate cycle, first carbon oxidation, oxaloacetate => 2-oxoglutarate [PATH:pans00020 pans01200 pans01210 pans01230 pans01100]
M00011 Citrate cycle, second carbon oxidation, 2-oxoglutarate => oxaloacetate [PATH:pans00020 pans01200 pans01100]
M00004 Pentose phosphate pathway (Pentose phosphate cycle) [PATH:pans00030 pans01200 pans01100 pans01120]
M00006 Pentose phosphate pathway, oxidative phase, glucose 6P => ribulose 5P [PATH:pans00030 pans01200 pans01100 pans01120]
M00007 Pentose phosphate pathway, non-oxidative phase, fructose 6P => ribose 5P [PATH:pans00030 pans01200 pans01230 pans01100 pans01120]
M00005 PRPP biosynthesis, ribose 5P => PRPP [PATH:pans00030 pans00230 pans01200 pans01230 pans01100]

Other carbohydrate metabolism
M00631 D-Galacturonate degradation (bacteria), D-galacturonate => pyruvate + D-glyceraldehyde 3P [PATH:pans00040 pans00030 pans01100]
M00061 D-Glucuronate degradation, D-glucuronate => pyruvate + D-glyceraldehyde 3P [PATH:pans00040 pans00030 pans01100]
M00632 Galactose degradation, Leloir pathway, galactose => alpha-D-glucose-1P [PATH:pans00052 pans01100]
M00552 D-galactonate degradation, De Ley-Doudoroff pathway, D-galactonate => glycerate-3P [PATH:pans00052 pans01100]
M00854 Glycogen biosynthesis, glucose-1P => glycogen/starch [PATH:pans00500 pans01100]
M00855 Glycogen degradation, glycogen => glucose-6P [PATH:pans00500 pans01100]
M00565 Trehalose biosynthesis, D-glucose 1P => trehalose [PATH:pans00500 pans01100 pans01110]
M00549 Nucleotide sugar biosynthesis, glucose => UDP-glucose [PATH:pans00520 pans01250 pans01100]
M00554 Nucleotide sugar biosynthesis, galactose => UDP-galactose [PATH:pans00520 pans00052 pans01250 pans01100]
M00909 UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine biosynthesis, prokaryotes, glucose => UDP-GlcNAc [PATH:pans00520 pans01250 pans01100]
M00761 Undecaprenylphosphate alpha-L-Ara4N biosynthesis, UDP-GlcA => undecaprenyl phosphate alpha-L-Ara4N [PATH:pans00520 pans01100]
M00012 Glyoxylate cycle [PATH:pans00630 pans01200 pans01100 pans01110]

Energy metabolism
Carbon fixation
M00168 CAM (Crassulacean acid metabolism), dark [PATH:pans00620 pans01200 pans01100 pans01120]
M00579 Phosphate acetyltransferase-acetate kinase pathway, acetyl-CoA => acetate [PATH:pans00430 pans00620 pans01200 pans01100 pans01120]

Methane metabolism
Nitrogen metabolism
M00531 Assimilatory nitrate reduction, nitrate => ammonia [PATH:pans00910 pans01100 pans01120]
M00530 Dissimilatory nitrate reduction, nitrate => ammonia [PATH:pans00910 pans01100 pans01120]

Sulfur metabolism
M00176 Assimilatory sulfate reduction, sulfate => H2S [PATH:pans00920 pans01100 pans01120]

Photosynthesis
ATP synthesis
M00144 NADH:quinone oxidoreductase, prokaryotes [PATH:pans00190]
M00149 Succinate dehydrogenase, prokaryotes [PATH:pans00190]
M00153 Cytochrome bd ubiquinol oxidase [PATH:pans00190]
M00417 Cytochrome o ubiquinol oxidase [PATH:pans00190]
M00157 F-type ATPase, prokaryotes and chloroplasts [PATH:pans00190]

Lipid metabolism
Fatty acid metabolism
M00082 Fatty acid biosynthesis, initiation [PATH:pans00061 pans01212 pans01100]
M00083 Fatty acid biosynthesis, elongation [PATH:pans00061 pans01212 pans01100]
M00086 beta-Oxidation, acyl-CoA synthesis [PATH:pans00061 pans00071 pans01212 pans01100]
M00087 beta-Oxidation [PATH:pans00071 pans01212 pans01100]

Sterol biosynthesis
Lipid metabolism
M00093 Phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) biosynthesis, PA => PS => PE [PATH:pans00564 pans01100]

Nucleotide metabolism
Purine metabolism
M00048 De novo purine biosynthesis, PRPP + glutamine => IMP [PATH:pans00230 pans01100]
M00049 Adenine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, IMP => ADP,ATP [PATH:pans00230 pans01232 pans01240 pans01100]
M00050 Guanine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, IMP => GDP,GTP [PATH:pans00230 pans01232 pans01100]
M00053 Deoxyribonucleotide biosynthesis, ADP/GDP/CDP/UDP => dATP/dGTP/dCTP/dUTP [PATH:pans00230 pans00240 pans01232 pans01100]
M00958 Adenine ribonucleotide degradation, AMP => Urate [PATH:pans00230 pans01232 pans01100]
M00959 Guanine ribonucleotide degradation, GMP => Urate [PATH:pans00230 pans01232 pans01100]

Pyrimidine metabolism
M00051 De novo pyrimidine biosynthesis, glutamine (+ PRPP) => UMP [PATH:pans00240 pans01240 pans01100]
M00052 Pyrimidine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, UMP => UDP/UTP,CDP/CTP [PATH:pans00240 pans01232 pans01240 pans01100]
M00938 Pyrimidine deoxyribonucleotide biosynthesis, UDP => dTTP [PATH:pans00240 pans01232 pans01100]
M00939 Pyrimidine degradation, uracil => 3-hydroxypropanoate [PATH:pans00240 pans01100]

Amino acid metabolism
Serine and threonine metabolism
M00020 Serine biosynthesis, glycerate-3P => serine [PATH:pans00260 pans00680 pans01200 pans01230 pans01100]
M00018 Threonine biosynthesis, aspartate => homoserine => threonine [PATH:pans00260 pans01230 pans01100 pans01110]
M00621 Glycine cleavage system [PATH:pans00260 pans00630 pans01200 pans01100]
M00555 Betaine biosynthesis, choline => betaine [PATH:pans00260 pans01100]

Cysteine and methionine metabolism
M00021 Cysteine biosynthesis, serine => cysteine [PATH:pans00270 pans00920 pans01200 pans01230 pans01100 pans01110]
M00017 Methionine biosynthesis, aspartate => homoserine => methionine [PATH:pans00270 pans01230 pans01100]

Branched-chain amino acid metabolism
M00019 Valine/isoleucine biosynthesis, pyruvate => valine / 2-oxobutanoate => isoleucine [PATH:pans00290 pans00770 pans01210 pans01230 pans01100 pans01110]
M00570 Isoleucine biosynthesis, threonine => 2-oxobutanoate => isoleucine [PATH:pans00290 pans01230 pans01100]
M00432 Leucine biosynthesis, 2-oxoisovalerate => 2-oxoisocaproate [PATH:pans00290 pans01210 pans01230 pans01100 pans01110]

Lysine metabolism
M00016 Lysine biosynthesis, succinyl-DAP pathway, aspartate => lysine [PATH:pans00300 pans01230 pans01100]

Arginine and proline metabolism
M00028 Ornithine biosynthesis, glutamate => ornithine [PATH:pans00220 pans01210 pans01230 pans01100]
M00844 Arginine biosynthesis, ornithine => arginine [PATH:pans00220 pans01230 pans01100]
M00015 Proline biosynthesis, glutamate => proline [PATH:pans00330 pans01230 pans01100]
M00970 Proline degradation, proline => glutamate [PATH:pans00330 pans01100]
M00879 Arginine succinyltransferase pathway, arginine => glutamate [PATH:pans00330 pans01100]

Polyamine biosynthesis
Histidine metabolism
M00026 Histidine biosynthesis, PRPP => histidine [PATH:pans00340 pans01230 pans01100 pans01110]
M00045 Histidine degradation, histidine => N-formiminoglutamate => glutamate [PATH:pans00340 pans01100]

Aromatic amino acid metabolism
M00022 Shikimate pathway, phosphoenolpyruvate + erythrose-4P => chorismate [PATH:pans00400 pans01230 pans01100 pans01110]
M00023 Tryptophan biosynthesis, chorismate => tryptophan [PATH:pans00400 pans01230 pans01100 pans01110]
M00024 Phenylalanine biosynthesis, chorismate => phenylpyruvate => phenylalanine [PATH:pans00400 pans01230 pans01100 pans01110]
M00025 Tyrosine biosynthesis, chorismate => HPP => tyrosine [PATH:pans00400 pans01230 pans01100]

Other amino acid metabolism
M00118 Glutathione biosynthesis, glutamate => glutathione [PATH:pans00480 pans01240 pans01100]

Glycan metabolism
Glycan biosynthesis
Glycosaminoglycan metabolism
Lipopolysaccharide metabolism
M00060 KDO2-lipid A biosynthesis, Raetz pathway, LpxL-LpxM type [PATH:pans00540 pans01100]
M00063 CMP-KDO biosynthesis [PATH:pans00540 pans01250 pans01100]
M00064 ADP-L-glycero-D-manno-heptose biosynthesis [PATH:pans00540 pans01250 pans01100]

Metabolism of cofactors and vitamins
Cofactor and vitamin metabolism
M00899 Thiamine salvage pathway, HMP/HET => TMP [PATH:pans00730 pans01100]
M00125 Riboflavin biosynthesis, plants and bacteria, GTP => riboflavin/FMN/FAD [PATH:pans00740 pans01240 pans01100 pans01110]
M00124 Pyridoxal-P biosynthesis, erythrose-4P => pyridoxal-P [PATH:pans00750 pans01240 pans01100]
M00115 NAD biosynthesis, aspartate => quinolinate => NAD [PATH:pans00760 pans01240 pans01100]
M00119 Pantothenate biosynthesis, valine/L-aspartate => pantothenate [PATH:pans00770 pans01240 pans01100 pans01110]
M00120 Coenzyme A biosynthesis, pantothenate => CoA [PATH:pans00770 pans01240 pans01100]
M00572 Pimeloyl-ACP biosynthesis, BioC-BioH pathway, malonyl-ACP => pimeloyl-ACP [PATH:pans00780 pans01240 pans01100]
M00123 Biotin biosynthesis, pimeloyl-ACP/CoA => biotin [PATH:pans00780 pans01240 pans01100]
M00881 Lipoic acid biosynthesis, plants and bacteria, octanoyl-ACP => dihydrolipoyl-E2/H [PATH:pans00785 pans01240 pans01100]
M00126 Tetrahydrofolate biosynthesis, GTP => THF [PATH:pans00790 pans00670 pans01240 pans01100]
M00880 Molybdenum cofactor biosynthesis, GTP => molybdenum cofactor [PATH:pans00790 pans01240 pans01100]
M00846 Siroheme biosynthesis, glutamyl-tRNA => siroheme [PATH:pans00860 pans01240 pans01100 pans01110]
M00121 Heme biosynthesis, plants and bacteria, glutamate => heme [PATH:pans00860 pans01240 pans01100 pans01110]
M00117 Ubiquinone biosynthesis, prokaryotes, chorismate (+ polyprenyl-PP) => ubiquinol [PATH:pans00130 pans01240 pans01100 pans01110]

Biosynthesis of terpenoids and polyketides
Terpenoid backbone biosynthesis
M00096 C5 isoprenoid biosynthesis, non-mevalonate pathway [PATH:pans00900 pans01100 pans01110]
M00364 C10-C20 isoprenoid biosynthesis, bacteria [PATH:pans00900 pans01100 pans01110]

Plant terpenoid biosynthesis
Macrolide biosynthesis
Enediyne biosynthesis
Type II polyketide biosynthesis
Polyketide sugar unit biosynthesis
Biosynthesis of other secondary metabolites
Biosynthesis of phytochemical compounds
Biosynthesis of beta-lactams
Biosynthesis of other antibiotics
Biosynthesis of other fungal compounds
Biosynthesis of other bacterial compounds
Xenobiotics biodegradation
Aromatics degradation

Gene set
Pathogenicity
Drug resistance
Plant pathogenicity
Symbiosis
Module set
Metabolic capacity
M00615 Nitrate assimilation
M00616 Sulfate-sulfur assimilation