KEGG Modules

Carbohydrate metabolism
Central carbohydrate metabolism
M00001 Glycolysis (Embden-Meyerhof pathway), glucose => pyruvate [PATH:pee00010 pee01200 pee01100]
M00002 Glycolysis, core module involving three-carbon compounds [PATH:pee00010 pee01200 pee01230 pee01100]
M00003 Gluconeogenesis, oxaloacetate => fructose-6P [PATH:pee00010 pee00020 pee01100]
M00307 Pyruvate oxidation, pyruvate => acetyl-CoA [PATH:pee00010 pee00020 pee00620 pee00785 pee01200 pee01210 pee01100]
M00009 Citrate cycle (TCA cycle, Krebs cycle) [PATH:pee00020 pee01200 pee01100]
M00010 Citrate cycle, first carbon oxidation, oxaloacetate => 2-oxoglutarate [PATH:pee00020 pee01200 pee01210 pee01230 pee01100]
M00011 Citrate cycle, second carbon oxidation, 2-oxoglutarate => oxaloacetate [PATH:pee00020 pee01200 pee01210 pee01100]
M00004 Pentose phosphate pathway (Pentose phosphate cycle) [PATH:pee00030 pee01200 pee01100]
M00006 Pentose phosphate pathway, oxidative phase, glucose 6P => ribulose 5P [PATH:pee00030 pee01200 pee01100]
M00007 Pentose phosphate pathway, non-oxidative phase, fructose 6P => ribose 5P [PATH:pee00030 pee01200 pee01230 pee01100]
M00005 PRPP biosynthesis, ribose 5P => PRPP [PATH:pee00030 pee00230 pee01200 pee01230 pee01100]

Other carbohydrate metabolism
M00014 Glucuronate pathway (uronate pathway) [PATH:pee00040 pee01100]
M00632 Galactose degradation, Leloir pathway, galactose => alpha-D-glucose-1P [PATH:pee00052 pee01100]
M00854 Glycogen biosynthesis, glucose-1P => glycogen/starch [PATH:pee00500 pee01100]
M00855 Glycogen degradation, glycogen => glucose-6P [PATH:pee00500 pee01100]
M00741 Propanoyl-CoA metabolism, propanoyl-CoA => succinyl-CoA [PATH:pee00280 pee00630 pee00640 pee01200 pee01100]
M00130 Inositol phosphate metabolism, PI=> PIP2 => Ins(1,4,5)P3 => Ins(1,3,4,5)P4 [PATH:pee00562 pee01100]
M00131 Inositol phosphate metabolism, Ins(1,3,4,5)P4 => Ins(1,3,4)P3 => myo-inositol [PATH:pee00562 pee01100]
M00132 Inositol phosphate metabolism, Ins(1,3,4)P3 => phytate [PATH:pee00562 pee01100]

Energy metabolism
Carbon fixation
Methane metabolism
Nitrogen metabolism
Sulfur metabolism
Photosynthesis
ATP synthesis
M00143 NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) Fe-S protein/flavoprotein complex, mitochondria [PATH:pee00190 pee01100]
M00146 NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) 1 alpha subcomplex [PATH:pee00190 pee01100]
M00147 NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) 1 beta subcomplex [PATH:pee00190 pee01100]
M00148 Succinate dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) [PATH:pee00190 pee01100]
M00160 V-type ATPase, eukaryotes [PATH:pee00190 pee01100]

Lipid metabolism
Fatty acid metabolism
M00082 Fatty acid biosynthesis, initiation [PATH:pee00061 pee01212 pee01100]
M00083 Fatty acid biosynthesis, elongation [PATH:pee00061 pee01212 pee01100]
M00085 Fatty acid elongation in mitochondria [PATH:pee00062 pee01212 pee01100]
M00415 Fatty acid elongation in endoplasmic reticulum [PATH:pee00062 pee01040 pee01212 pee01100]
M00086 beta-Oxidation, acyl-CoA synthesis [PATH:pee00061 pee00071 pee01212 pee01100]
M00087 beta-Oxidation [PATH:pee00071 pee01212 pee01100]
M00861 beta-Oxidation, peroxisome, VLCFA [PATH:pee01040 pee01212 pee01100]

Sterol biosynthesis
M00101 Cholesterol biosynthesis, FPP => cholesterol [PATH:pee00100 pee01100]
M00103 Cholecalciferol biosynthesis [PATH:pee00100 pee01100]
M00107 Steroid hormone biosynthesis, cholesterol => pregnenolone => progesterone [PATH:pee00140 pee01100]
M00109 C21-Steroid hormone biosynthesis, progesterone => cortisol/cortisone [PATH:pee00140 pee01100]
M00110 C19/C18-Steroid hormone biosynthesis, pregnenolone => androstenedione => estrone [PATH:pee00140 pee01100]
M00976 C19-Steroid hormone biosynthesis, pregnenolone => testosterone => dihydrotestosterone [PATH:pee00140 pee01100]

Lipid metabolism
M00089 Triacylglycerol biosynthesis [PATH:pee00561 pee01100]
M00098 Acylglycerol degradation [PATH:pee00561 pee01100]
M00090 Phosphatidylcholine (PC) biosynthesis, choline => PC [PATH:pee00564 pee01100]
M00091 Phosphatidylcholine (PC) biosynthesis, PE => PC [PATH:pee00564 pee01100]
M00092 Phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) biosynthesis, ethanolamine => PE [PATH:pee00564 pee01100]
M00094 Ceramide biosynthesis [PATH:pee00600 pee01100]
M00066 Lactosylceramide biosynthesis [PATH:pee00600 pee01100]
M00067 Sulfoglycolipids biosynthesis, ceramide/1-alkyl-2-acylglycerol => sulfatide/seminolipid [PATH:pee00600 pee00565 pee01100]
M00099 Sphingosine biosynthesis [PATH:pee00600 pee01100]
M00100 Sphingosine degradation [PATH:pee00600 pee01100]

Nucleotide metabolism
Purine metabolism
M00048 De novo purine biosynthesis, PRPP + glutamine => IMP [PATH:pee00230 pee01100]
M00049 Adenine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, IMP => ADP,ATP [PATH:pee00230 pee01232 pee01240 pee01100]
M00050 Guanine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, IMP => GDP,GTP [PATH:pee00230 pee01232 pee01100]
M00053 Deoxyribonucleotide biosynthesis, ADP/GDP/CDP/UDP => dATP/dGTP/dCTP/dUTP [PATH:pee00230 pee00240 pee01232 pee01100]
M00958 Adenine ribonucleotide degradation, AMP => Urate [PATH:pee00230 pee01232 pee01100]
M00959 Guanine ribonucleotide degradation, GMP => Urate [PATH:pee00230 pee01232 pee01100]

Pyrimidine metabolism
M00051 De novo pyrimidine biosynthesis, glutamine (+ PRPP) => UMP [PATH:pee00240 pee01240 pee01100]
M00052 Pyrimidine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, UMP => UDP/UTP,CDP/CTP [PATH:pee00240 pee01232 pee01240 pee01100]
M00938 Pyrimidine deoxyribonucleotide biosynthesis, UDP => dTTP [PATH:pee00240 pee01232 pee01100]
M00046 Pyrimidine degradation, uracil => beta-alanine, thymine => 3-aminoisobutanoate [PATH:pee00240 pee00410 pee00770 pee01100]

Amino acid metabolism
Serine and threonine metabolism
M00020 Serine biosynthesis, glycerate-3P => serine [PATH:pee00260 pee01200 pee01230 pee01100]
M00621 Glycine cleavage system [PATH:pee00260 pee00630 pee00670 pee00785 pee01200 pee01100]
M00555 Betaine biosynthesis, choline => betaine [PATH:pee00260 pee00670 pee01100]
M00974 Betaine metabolism, animals, betaine => glycine [PATH:pee00260 pee00670 pee01100]

Cysteine and methionine metabolism
M00338 Cysteine biosynthesis, homocysteine + serine => cysteine [PATH:pee00260 pee00270 pee00670 pee01230 pee01100]
M00034 Methionine salvage pathway [PATH:pee00270 pee01100]
M00035 Methionine degradation [PATH:pee00270 pee00670 pee01100]

Branched-chain amino acid metabolism
M00036 Leucine degradation, leucine => acetoacetate + acetyl-CoA [PATH:pee00280 pee01100]

Lysine metabolism
M00032 Lysine degradation, lysine => saccharopine => acetoacetyl-CoA [PATH:pee00310 pee01210 pee01100]

Arginine and proline metabolism
M00844 Arginine biosynthesis, ornithine => arginine [PATH:pee00220 pee01230 pee01100]
M00029 Urea cycle [PATH:pee00220 pee01230 pee01100]
M00015 Proline biosynthesis, glutamate => proline [PATH:pee00330 pee01230 pee01100]
M00970 Proline degradation, proline => glutamate [PATH:pee00330 pee01100]
M00972 Proline metabolism [PATH:pee00330 pee01100]
M00047 Creatine pathway [PATH:pee00330 pee00260 pee01100]

Polyamine biosynthesis
M00134 Polyamine biosynthesis, arginine => ornithine => putrescine [PATH:pee00330 pee01100]
M00135 GABA biosynthesis, eukaryotes, putrescine => GABA [PATH:pee00330 pee01100]

Histidine metabolism
M00045 Histidine degradation, histidine => N-formiminoglutamate => glutamate [PATH:pee00340 pee01100]

Aromatic amino acid metabolism
M00042 Catecholamine biosynthesis, tyrosine => dopamine => noradrenaline => adrenaline [PATH:pee00350 pee01100]
M00043 Thyroid hormone biosynthesis, tyrosine => triiodothyronine/thyroxine [PATH:pee00350 pee01100]
M00044 Tyrosine degradation, tyrosine => homogentisate [PATH:pee00350 pee01100]
M00037 Melatonin biosynthesis, animals, tryptophan => serotonin => melatonin [PATH:pee00380 pee01100]
M00038 Tryptophan metabolism, tryptophan => kynurenine => 2-aminomuconate [PATH:pee00380 pee01100]

Other amino acid metabolism
M00027 GABA (gamma-Aminobutyrate) shunt [PATH:pee00250 pee00650 pee01100]
M00118 Glutathione biosynthesis, glutamate => glutathione [PATH:pee00480 pee01240 pee01100]

Glycan metabolism
Nucleotide sugar biosynthesis
M00549 Nucleotide sugar biosynthesis, glucose => UDP-glucose [PATH:pee00520 pee01250 pee01100]
M00554 Nucleotide sugar biosynthesis, galactose => UDP-galactose [PATH:pee00520 pee00052 pee01250 pee01100]
M00892 UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine biosynthesis, eukaryotes, glucose => UDP-GlcNAc [PATH:pee00520 pee01250 pee01100]

Glycan biosynthesis
M00055 N-glycan precursor biosynthesis [PATH:pee00510 pee01100]
M00073 N-glycan precursor trimming [PATH:pee00510 pee01100]
M00075 N-glycan biosynthesis, complex type [PATH:pee00510 pee01100]
M00872 O-glycan biosynthesis, mannose type (core M3) [PATH:pee00515 pee01100]
M00065 GPI-anchor biosynthesis, core oligosaccharide [PATH:pee00563 pee01100]
M00983 GPI-anchor remodeling [PATH:pee00563 pee01100]
M00070 Glycosphingolipid biosynthesis, lacto-series, LacCer => Lc4Cer [PATH:pee00601 pee01100]
M00071 Glycosphingolipid biosynthesis, neolacto-series, LacCer => nLc4Cer [PATH:pee00601 pee01100]
M00069 Glycosphingolipid biosynthesis, ganglio series, LacCer => GT3 [PATH:pee00604 pee01100]

Glycosaminoglycan metabolism
M00057 Glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis, linkage tetrasaccharide [PATH:pee00532 pee00534 pee01100]
M00058 Glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis, chondroitin sulfate backbone [PATH:pee00532 pee01100]
M00059 Glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis, heparan sulfate backbone [PATH:pee00534 pee01100]
M00076 Dermatan sulfate degradation [PATH:pee00531 pee01100]
M00077 Chondroitin sulfate degradation [PATH:pee00531 pee01100]
M00078 Heparan sulfate degradation [PATH:pee00531 pee01100]
M00079 Keratan sulfate degradation [PATH:pee00531 pee01100]

Lipopolysaccharide metabolism
Other polysaccharide metabolism
Metabolism of cofactors and vitamins
Cofactor and vitamin metabolism
M00912 NAD biosynthesis, tryptophan => quinolinate => NAD [PATH:pee00380 pee00760 pee01240 pee01100]
M00120 Coenzyme A biosynthesis, pantothenate => CoA [PATH:pee00770 pee01240 pee01100]
M00882 Lipoic acid biosynthesis, eukaryotes, octanoyl-ACP => dihydrolipoyl-H [PATH:pee00785 pee01240 pee01100]
M00883 Lipoic acid biosynthesis, animals and bacteria, octanoyl-ACP => dihydrolipoyl-H => dihydrolipoyl-E2 [PATH:pee00785 pee01240 pee01100]
M00842 Tetrahydrobiopterin biosynthesis, GTP => BH4 [PATH:pee00790 pee01240 pee01100]
M00880 Molybdenum cofactor biosynthesis, GTP => molybdenum cofactor [PATH:pee00790 pee01240 pee01100]
M00141 C1-unit interconversion, eukaryotes [PATH:pee00670 pee01240 pee01100]
M00128 Ubiquinone biosynthesis, eukaryotes, 4-hydroxybenzoate + polyprenyl-PP => ubiquinone [PATH:pee00130 pee01240 pee01100]

Biosynthesis of terpenoids and polyketides
Terpenoid backbone biosynthesis
M00095 C5 isoprenoid biosynthesis, mevalonate pathway [PATH:pee00900 pee01100]
M00367 C10-C20 isoprenoid biosynthesis, non-plant eukaryotes [PATH:pee00900 pee01100]

Plant terpenoid biosynthesis
Macrolide biosynthesis
Enediyne biosynthesis
Type II polyketide biosynthesis
Polyketide sugar unit biosynthesis
Biosynthesis of other secondary metabolites
Biosynthesis of phytochemical compounds
Biosynthesis of beta-lactams
Biosynthesis of other antibiotics
Biosynthesis of other fungal compounds
Biosynthesis of other bacterial compounds
Xenobiotics biodegradation
Aromatics degradation

Gene set
Pathogenicity
Drug resistance
Plant pathogenicity
Symbiosis
Module set
Metabolic capacity