KEGG Modules
Pathway modules
Carbohydrate metabolism
Central carbohydrate metabolism
M00001 Glycolysis (Embden-Meyerhof pathway), glucose => pyruvate [PATH: pla00010 pla01200 pla01100]
M00002 Glycolysis, core module involving three-carbon compounds [PATH: pla00010 pla01200 pla01230 pla01100]
M00003 Gluconeogenesis, oxaloacetate => fructose-6P [PATH: pla00010 pla00020 pla01100]
M00307 Pyruvate oxidation, pyruvate => acetyl-CoA [PATH: pla00010 pla00020 pla00620 pla00785 pla01200 pla01210 pla01100]
M00009 Citrate cycle (TCA cycle, Krebs cycle) [PATH: pla00020 pla01200 pla01100]
M00010 Citrate cycle, first carbon oxidation, oxaloacetate => 2-oxoglutarate [PATH: pla00020 pla01200 pla01210 pla01230 pla01100]
M00011 Citrate cycle, second carbon oxidation, 2-oxoglutarate => oxaloacetate [PATH: pla00020 pla01200 pla01210 pla01100]
M00004 Pentose phosphate pathway (Pentose phosphate cycle) [PATH: pla00030 pla01200 pla01100 pla01120]
M00006 Pentose phosphate pathway, oxidative phase, glucose 6P => ribulose 5P [PATH: pla00030 pla01200 pla01100 pla01120]
M00007 Pentose phosphate pathway, non-oxidative phase, fructose 6P => ribose 5P [PATH: pla00030 pla01200 pla01230 pla01100 pla01120]
M00580 Pentose phosphate pathway, archaea, fructose 6P => ribose 5P [PATH: pla00030 pla01200 pla01230 pla01100 pla01120]
M00005 PRPP biosynthesis, ribose 5P => PRPP [PATH: pla00030 pla00230 pla01200 pla01230 pla01100]
M00008 Entner-Doudoroff pathway, glucose-6P => glyceraldehyde-3P + pyruvate [PATH: pla00030 pla01200 pla01100 pla01120]
Other carbohydrate metabolism
M00014 Glucuronate pathway (uronate pathway) [PATH: pla00040 pla01100]
M00061 D-Glucuronate degradation, D-glucuronate => pyruvate + D-glyceraldehyde 3P [PATH: pla00040 pla00030 pla01100]
M00632 Galactose degradation, Leloir pathway, galactose => alpha-D-glucose-1P [PATH: pla00052 pla01100]
M00552 D-galactonate degradation, De Ley-Doudoroff pathway, D-galactonate => glycerate-3P [PATH: pla00052 pla01100]
M00854 Glycogen biosynthesis, glucose-1P => glycogen/starch [PATH: pla00500 pla01100]
M00565 Trehalose biosynthesis, D-glucose 1P => trehalose [PATH: pla00500 pla01100 pla01110]
M00549 Nucleotide sugar biosynthesis, glucose => UDP-glucose [PATH: pla00520 pla01250 pla01100]
M00554 Nucleotide sugar biosynthesis, galactose => UDP-galactose [PATH: pla00520 pla00052 pla01250 pla01100]
M00892 UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine biosynthesis, eukaryotes, glucose => UDP-GlcNAc [PATH: pla00520 pla01250 pla01100]
M00909 UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine biosynthesis, prokaryotes, glucose => UDP-GlcNAc [PATH: pla00520 pla01250 pla01100]
M00012 Glyoxylate cycle [PATH: pla00630 pla01200 pla01100 pla01110]
M00741 Propanoyl-CoA metabolism, propanoyl-CoA => succinyl-CoA [PATH: pla00280 pla00630 pla00640 pla01200 pla01100]
M00982 Methylcitrate cycle [PATH: pla00640 pla00020 pla01200]
M00130 Inositol phosphate metabolism, PI=> PIP2 => Ins(1,4,5)P3 => Ins(1,3,4,5)P4 [PATH: pla00562 pla01100]
M00131 Inositol phosphate metabolism, Ins(1,3,4,5)P4 => Ins(1,3,4)P3 => myo-inositol [PATH: pla00562 pla01100]
M00132 Inositol phosphate metabolism, Ins(1,3,4)P3 => phytate [PATH: pla00562 pla01100]
Energy metabolism
Carbon fixation
Methane metabolism
Nitrogen metabolism
Sulfur metabolism
Photosynthesis
ATP synthesis
Lipid metabolism
Fatty acid metabolism
Sterol biosynthesis
M00101 Cholesterol biosynthesis, FPP => cholesterol [PATH: pla01100]
M00103 Cholecalciferol biosynthesis [PATH: pla01100]
M00107 Steroid hormone biosynthesis, cholesterol => pregnenolone => progesterone [PATH: pla01100]
M00109 C21-Steroid hormone biosynthesis, progesterone => cortisol/cortisone [PATH: pla01100]
M00110 C19/C18-Steroid hormone biosynthesis, pregnenolone => androstenedione => estrone [PATH: pla01100]
M00976 C19-Steroid hormone biosynthesis, pregnenolone => testosterone => dihydrotestosterone [PATH: pla01100]
Lipid metabolism
Nucleotide metabolism
Purine metabolism
Pyrimidine metabolism
Amino acid metabolism
Serine and threonine metabolism
Cysteine and methionine metabolism
Branched-chain amino acid metabolism
Lysine metabolism
Arginine and proline metabolism
Polyamine biosynthesis
Histidine metabolism
Aromatic amino acid metabolism
M00022 Shikimate pathway, phosphoenolpyruvate + erythrose-4P => chorismate [PATH: pla00400 pla01230 pla01100 pla01110]
M00023 Tryptophan biosynthesis, chorismate => tryptophan [PATH: pla00400 pla01230 pla01100 pla01110]
M00024 Phenylalanine biosynthesis, chorismate => phenylpyruvate => phenylalanine [PATH: pla00400 pla01230 pla01100 pla01110]
M00025 Tyrosine biosynthesis, chorismate => HPP => tyrosine [PATH: pla00400 pla01230 pla01100]
M00040 Tyrosine biosynthesis, chorismate => arogenate => tyrosine [PATH: pla00400 pla01230 pla01100 pla01110]
M00042 Catecholamine biosynthesis, tyrosine => dopamine => noradrenaline => adrenaline [PATH: pla00350 pla01100]
M00043 Thyroid hormone biosynthesis, tyrosine => triiodothyronine/thyroxine [PATH: pla00350 pla01100]
M00044 Tyrosine degradation, tyrosine => homogentisate [PATH: pla00350 pla01100]
M00533 Homoprotocatechuate degradation, homoprotocatechuate => 2-oxohept-3-enedioate [PATH: pla00350 pla01220 pla01100 pla01120]
M00037 Melatonin biosynthesis, animals, tryptophan => serotonin => melatonin [PATH: pla00380 pla01100]
M00038 Tryptophan metabolism, tryptophan => kynurenine => 2-aminomuconate [PATH: pla00380 pla01100]
Other amino acid metabolism
Glycan metabolism
Glycan biosynthesis
M00055 N-glycan precursor biosynthesis [PATH: pla01100]
M00073 N-glycan precursor trimming [PATH: pla01100]
M00075 N-glycan biosynthesis, complex type [PATH: pla01100]
M00872 O-glycan biosynthesis, mannose type (core M3) [PATH: pla01100]
M00065 GPI-anchor biosynthesis, core oligosaccharide [PATH: pla01100]
M00070 Glycosphingolipid biosynthesis, lacto-series, LacCer => Lc4Cer [PATH: pla01100]
M00071 Glycosphingolipid biosynthesis, neolacto-series, LacCer => nLc4Cer [PATH: pla01100]
M00069 Glycosphingolipid biosynthesis, ganglio series, LacCer => GT3 [PATH: pla01100]
Glycosaminoglycan metabolism
Lipopolysaccharide metabolism
Other polysaccharide metabolism
Metabolism of cofactors and vitamins
Cofactor and vitamin metabolism
M00899 Thiamine salvage pathway, HMP/HET => TMP [PATH:pla00730 pla01100]
M00125 Riboflavin biosynthesis, plants and bacteria, GTP => riboflavin/FMN/FAD [PATH:pla00740 pla01240 pla01100 pla01110]
M00124 Pyridoxal-P biosynthesis, erythrose-4P => pyridoxal-P [PATH:pla00750 pla01240 pla01100]
M00916 Pyridoxal-P biosynthesis, R5P + glyceraldehyde-3P + glutamine => pyridoxal-P [PATH:pla00750 pla01240 pla01100]
M00115 NAD biosynthesis, aspartate => quinolinate => NAD [PATH:pla00760 pla01240 pla01100]
M00912 NAD biosynthesis, tryptophan => quinolinate => NAD [PATH:pla00380 pla00760 pla01240 pla01100]
M00622 Nicotinate degradation, nicotinate => fumarate [PATH:pla00760 pla01100 pla01120]
M00119 Pantothenate biosynthesis, valine/L-aspartate => pantothenate [PATH:pla00770 pla01240 pla01100 pla01110]
M00120 Coenzyme A biosynthesis, pantothenate => CoA [PATH:pla00770 pla01240 pla01100]
M00572 Pimeloyl-ACP biosynthesis, BioC-BioH pathway, malonyl-ACP => pimeloyl-ACP [PATH:pla00780 pla01240 pla01100]
M00123 Biotin biosynthesis, pimeloyl-ACP/CoA => biotin [PATH:pla00780 pla01240 pla01100]
M00881 Lipoic acid biosynthesis, plants and bacteria, octanoyl-ACP => dihydrolipoyl-E2/H [PATH:pla00785 pla01240 pla01100]
M00882 Lipoic acid biosynthesis, eukaryotes, octanoyl-ACP => dihydrolipoyl-H [PATH:pla00785 pla01240 pla01100]
M00883 Lipoic acid biosynthesis, animals and bacteria, octanoyl-ACP => dihydrolipoyl-H => dihydrolipoyl-E2 [PATH:pla00785 pla01240 pla01100]
M00126 Tetrahydrofolate biosynthesis, GTP => THF [PATH:pla00790 pla00670 pla01240 pla01100]
M00841 Tetrahydrofolate biosynthesis, mediated by PTPS, GTP => THF [PATH:pla00790 pla01240 pla01100]
M00842 Tetrahydrobiopterin biosynthesis, GTP => BH4 [PATH:pla00790 pla01240 pla01100]
M00880 Molybdenum cofactor biosynthesis, GTP => molybdenum cofactor [PATH:pla00790 pla01240 pla01100]
M00140 C1-unit interconversion, prokaryotes [PATH:pla00670 pla01240 pla01100]
M00141 C1-unit interconversion, eukaryotes [PATH:pla00670 pla01240 pla01100]
M00846 Siroheme biosynthesis, glutamyl-tRNA => siroheme [PATH:pla00860 pla01240 pla01100 pla01110]
M00868 Heme biosynthesis, animals and fungi, glycine => heme [PATH:pla00860 pla01240 pla01100 pla01110]
M00121 Heme biosynthesis, plants and bacteria, glutamate => heme [PATH:pla00860 pla01240 pla01100 pla01110]
M00926 Heme biosynthesis, bacteria, glutamyl-tRNA => coproporphyrin III => heme [PATH:pla00860 pla01240 pla01100]
M00122 Cobalamin biosynthesis, cobyrinate a,c-diamide => cobalamin [PATH:pla00860 pla01240 pla01100]
M00117 Ubiquinone biosynthesis, prokaryotes, chorismate (+ polyprenyl-PP) => ubiquinol [PATH:pla00130 pla01240 pla01100 pla01110]
M00128 Ubiquinone biosynthesis, eukaryotes, 4-hydroxybenzoate + polyprenyl-PP => ubiquinol [PATH:pla00130 pla01240 pla01100]
M00116 Menaquinone biosynthesis, chorismate (+ polyprenyl-PP) => menaquinol [PATH:pla00130 pla01240 pla01100 pla01110]
M00930 Menaquinone biosynthesis, futalosine pathway [PATH:pla00130 pla01240 pla01100]
Biosynthesis of terpenoids and polyketides
Terpenoid backbone biosynthesis
Plant terpenoid biosynthesis
Macrolide biosynthesis
Enediyne biosynthesis
M00824 9-membered enediyne core biosynthesis, malonyl-CoA => 3-hydroxyhexadeca-4,6,8,10,12,14-hexaenoyl-ACP => 9-membered enediyne core [PATH: pla01100 pla01110]
Type II polyketide biosynthesis
Polyketide sugar unit biosynthesis
Biosynthesis of other secondary metabolites
Biosynthesis of phytochemical compounds
Biosynthesis of beta-lactams
Biosynthesis of other antibiotics
Biosynthesis of other fungal compounds
Biosynthesis of other bacterial compounds
Xenobiotics biodegradation
Signature modules
Gene set
Pathogenicity
Drug resistance
M00627 beta-Lactam resistance, Bla system [PATH:pla01501]
M00745 Imipenem resistance, repression of porin OprD
M00639 Multidrug resistance, efflux pump MexCD-OprJ
M00641 Multidrug resistance, efflux pump MexEF-OprN
M00642 Multidrug resistance, efflux pump MexJK-OprM
M00698 Multidrug resistance, efflux pump BpeEF-OprC
M00705 Multidrug resistance, efflux pump MepA
Plant pathogenicity
Symbiosis
Module set
Metabolic capacity
M00616 Sulfate-sulfur assimilation
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