KEGG Modules

Carbohydrate metabolism
Central carbohydrate metabolism
M00001 Glycolysis (Embden-Meyerhof pathway), glucose => pyruvate [PATH:pmum00010 pmum01200 pmum01100]
M00002 Glycolysis, core module involving three-carbon compounds [PATH:pmum00010 pmum01200 pmum01230 pmum01100]
M00003 Gluconeogenesis, oxaloacetate => fructose-6P [PATH:pmum00010 pmum00020 pmum01100]
M00307 Pyruvate oxidation, pyruvate => acetyl-CoA [PATH:pmum00010 pmum00020 pmum00620 pmum00785 pmum01200 pmum01210 pmum01100]
M00010 Citrate cycle, first carbon oxidation, oxaloacetate => 2-oxoglutarate [PATH:pmum00020 pmum01200 pmum01210 pmum01230 pmum01100]
M00004 Pentose phosphate pathway (Pentose phosphate cycle) [PATH:pmum00030 pmum01200 pmum01100]
M00006 Pentose phosphate pathway, oxidative phase, glucose 6P => ribulose 5P [PATH:pmum00030 pmum01200 pmum01100]
M00007 Pentose phosphate pathway, non-oxidative phase, fructose 6P => ribose 5P [PATH:pmum00030 pmum01200 pmum01230 pmum01100]
M00005 PRPP biosynthesis, ribose 5P => PRPP [PATH:pmum00030 pmum00230 pmum01200 pmum01230 pmum01100]

Other carbohydrate metabolism
M00081 Pectin degradation [PATH:pmum00040 pmum01100]
M00114 Ascorbate biosynthesis, plants, fructose-6P => ascorbate [PATH:pmum00051 pmum00053 pmum01240 pmum01100 pmum01110]
M00854 Glycogen biosynthesis, glucose-1P => glycogen/starch [PATH:pmum00500 pmum01100]
M00549 Nucleotide sugar biosynthesis, glucose => UDP-glucose [PATH:pmum00520 pmum01250 pmum01100]
M00892 UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine biosynthesis, eukaryotes, glucose => UDP-GlcNAc [PATH:pmum00520 pmum01250 pmum01100]
M00012 Glyoxylate cycle [PATH:pmum00630 pmum01200 pmum01100 pmum01110]
M00532 Photorespiration [PATH:pmum00630 pmum01200 pmum01100 pmum01110]
M00132 Inositol phosphate metabolism, Ins(1,3,4)P3 => phytate [PATH:pmum00562 pmum01100]

Energy metabolism
Carbon fixation
M00165 Reductive pentose phosphate cycle (Calvin cycle) [PATH:pmum00710 pmum01200 pmum01100]
M00168 CAM (Crassulacean acid metabolism), dark [PATH:pmum00620 pmum00710 pmum01200 pmum01100]
M00169 CAM (Crassulacean acid metabolism), light [PATH:pmum00620 pmum00710 pmum01200 pmum01100]
M00172 C4-dicarboxylic acid cycle, NADP - malic enzyme type [PATH:pmum00620 pmum00710 pmum01200 pmum01100]
M00171 C4-dicarboxylic acid cycle, NAD - malic enzyme type [PATH:pmum00710 pmum01200 pmum01100]
M00170 C4-dicarboxylic acid cycle, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase type [PATH:pmum00710 pmum01200 pmum01100]

Methane metabolism
Nitrogen metabolism
M00531 Assimilatory nitrate reduction, nitrate => ammonia [PATH:pmum00910 pmum01100]

Sulfur metabolism
M00176 Assimilatory sulfate reduction, sulfate => H2S [PATH:pmum00920 pmum01100]

Photosynthesis
M00161 Photosystem II [PATH:pmum00195 pmum01100]
M00163 Photosystem I [PATH:pmum00195 pmum01100]

ATP synthesis
M00145 NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase, chloroplasts and cyanobacteria [PATH:pmum00190 pmum01100]
M00151 Cytochrome bc1 complex respiratory unit [PATH:pmum00190 pmum01100]
M00157 F-type ATPase, prokaryotes and chloroplasts [PATH:pmum00190 pmum00195 pmum01100]

Lipid metabolism
Fatty acid metabolism
M00082 Fatty acid biosynthesis, initiation [PATH:pmum00061 pmum01212 pmum01100]
M00083 Fatty acid biosynthesis, elongation [PATH:pmum00061 pmum01212 pmum01100]
M00415 Fatty acid elongation in endoplasmic reticulum [PATH:pmum00062 pmum01040 pmum01212 pmum01100]
M00086 beta-Oxidation, acyl-CoA synthesis [PATH:pmum00061 pmum00071 pmum01212 pmum01100]
M00087 beta-Oxidation [PATH:pmum00071 pmum01212 pmum01100]

Sterol biosynthesis
M00917 Phytosterol biosynthesis, squalene 2,3-epoxide => campesterol/sitosterol [PATH:pmum00100 pmum01100 pmum01110]

Lipid metabolism
M00089 Triacylglycerol biosynthesis [PATH:pmum00561 pmum01100]
M00098 Acylglycerol degradation [PATH:pmum00561 pmum01100]
M00092 Phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) biosynthesis, ethanolamine => PE [PATH:pmum00564 pmum01100]
M00100 Sphingosine degradation [PATH:pmum00600 pmum01100]
M00113 Jasmonic acid biosynthesis [PATH:pmum00592 pmum01100 pmum01110]

Nucleotide metabolism
Purine metabolism
M00050 Guanine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, IMP => GDP,GTP [PATH:pmum00230 pmum01232 pmum01100]
M00053 Deoxyribonucleotide biosynthesis, ADP/GDP/CDP/UDP => dATP/dGTP/dCTP/dUTP [PATH:pmum00230 pmum00240 pmum01232 pmum01100]

Pyrimidine metabolism
M00052 Pyrimidine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, UMP => UDP/UTP,CDP/CTP [PATH:pmum00240 pmum01232 pmum01240 pmum01100]
M00938 Pyrimidine deoxyribonucleotide biosynthesis, UDP => dTTP [PATH:pmum00240 pmum01232 pmum01100]
M00046 Pyrimidine degradation, uracil => beta-alanine, thymine => 3-aminoisobutanoate [PATH:pmum00240 pmum00410 pmum00770 pmum01100]

Amino acid metabolism
Serine and threonine metabolism
M00020 Serine biosynthesis, glycerate-3P => serine [PATH:pmum00260 pmum01200 pmum01230 pmum01100]
M00018 Threonine biosynthesis, aspartate => homoserine => threonine [PATH:pmum00260 pmum01230 pmum01100 pmum01110]
M00621 Glycine cleavage system [PATH:pmum00260 pmum00630 pmum00785 pmum01200 pmum01100]
M00555 Betaine biosynthesis, choline => betaine [PATH:pmum00260 pmum01100]

Cysteine and methionine metabolism
M00021 Cysteine biosynthesis, serine => cysteine [PATH:pmum00270 pmum00920 pmum01200 pmum01230 pmum01100 pmum01110]
M00034 Methionine salvage pathway [PATH:pmum00270 pmum01100]
M00368 Ethylene biosynthesis, methionine => ethylene [PATH:pmum00270 pmum01100 pmum01110]

Branched-chain amino acid metabolism
M00019 Valine/isoleucine biosynthesis, pyruvate => valine / 2-oxobutanoate => isoleucine [PATH:pmum00290 pmum00770 pmum01210 pmum01230 pmum01100 pmum01110]
M00570 Isoleucine biosynthesis, threonine => 2-oxobutanoate => isoleucine [PATH:pmum00290 pmum01230 pmum01100]
M00432 Leucine biosynthesis, 2-oxoisovalerate => 2-oxoisocaproate [PATH:pmum00290 pmum01210 pmum01230 pmum01100 pmum01110]
M00036 Leucine degradation, leucine => acetoacetate + acetyl-CoA [PATH:pmum00280 pmum01100]

Lysine metabolism
M00527 Lysine biosynthesis, DAP aminotransferase pathway, aspartate => lysine [PATH:pmum00300 pmum01230 pmum01100 pmum01110]

Arginine and proline metabolism
M00028 Ornithine biosynthesis, glutamate => ornithine [PATH:pmum00220 pmum01210 pmum01230 pmum01100]
M00844 Arginine biosynthesis, ornithine => arginine [PATH:pmum00220 pmum01230 pmum01100]
M00015 Proline biosynthesis, glutamate => proline [PATH:pmum00330 pmum01230 pmum01100]
M00970 Proline degradation, proline => glutamate [PATH:pmum00330 pmum01100]
M00972 Proline metabolism [PATH:pmum00330 pmum01100]

Polyamine biosynthesis
M00134 Polyamine biosynthesis, arginine => ornithine => putrescine [PATH:pmum00330 pmum01100]

Histidine metabolism
M00026 Histidine biosynthesis, PRPP => histidine [PATH:pmum00340 pmum01230 pmum01100 pmum01110]

Aromatic amino acid metabolism
M00022 Shikimate pathway, phosphoenolpyruvate + erythrose-4P => chorismate [PATH:pmum00400 pmum01230 pmum01100 pmum01110]
M00023 Tryptophan biosynthesis, chorismate => tryptophan [PATH:pmum00400 pmum01230 pmum01100 pmum01110]
M00910 Phenylalanine biosynthesis, chorismate => arogenate => phenylalanine [PATH:pmum00400 pmum01230 pmum01100 pmum01110]
M00040 Tyrosine biosynthesis, chorismate => arogenate => tyrosine [PATH:pmum00400 pmum01230 pmum01100 pmum01110]
M00044 Tyrosine degradation, tyrosine => homogentisate [PATH:pmum00350 pmum01100]
M00936 Melatonin biosynthesis, plants, tryptophan => serotonin => melatonin [PATH:pmum00380 pmum01100 pmum01110]

Other amino acid metabolism
M00027 GABA (gamma-Aminobutyrate) shunt [PATH:pmum00250 pmum00650 pmum01100]
M00118 Glutathione biosynthesis, glutamate => glutathione [PATH:pmum00480 pmum01240 pmum01100]

Glycan metabolism
Glycan biosynthesis
M00055 N-glycan precursor biosynthesis [PATH:pmum00510 pmum01100]
M00073 N-glycan precursor trimming [PATH:pmum00510 pmum01100]

Glycosaminoglycan metabolism
Lipopolysaccharide metabolism
Other polysaccharide metabolism
Metabolism of cofactors and vitamins
Cofactor and vitamin metabolism
M00899 Thiamine salvage pathway, HMP/HET => TMP [PATH:pmum00730 pmum01100]
M00125 Riboflavin biosynthesis, plants and bacteria, GTP => riboflavin/FMN/FAD [PATH:pmum00740 pmum01240 pmum01100 pmum01110]
M00916 Pyridoxal-P biosynthesis, R5P + glyceraldehyde-3P + glutamine => pyridoxal-P [PATH:pmum00750 pmum01240 pmum01100]
M00115 NAD biosynthesis, aspartate => quinolinate => NAD [PATH:pmum00760 pmum01240 pmum01100]
M00120 Coenzyme A biosynthesis, pantothenate => CoA [PATH:pmum00770 pmum01240 pmum01100]
M00123 Biotin biosynthesis, pimeloyl-ACP/CoA => biotin [PATH:pmum00780 pmum01240 pmum01100]
M00881 Lipoic acid biosynthesis, plants and bacteria, octanoyl-ACP => dihydrolipoyl-E2/H [PATH:pmum00785 pmum01240 pmum01100]
M00882 Lipoic acid biosynthesis, eukaryotes, octanoyl-ACP => dihydrolipoyl-H [PATH:pmum00785 pmum01240 pmum01100]
M00126 Tetrahydrofolate biosynthesis, GTP => THF [PATH:pmum00790 pmum00670 pmum01240 pmum01100]
M00880 Molybdenum cofactor biosynthesis, GTP => molybdenum cofactor [PATH:pmum00790 pmum01240 pmum01100]
M00121 Heme biosynthesis, plants and bacteria, glutamate => heme [PATH:pmum00860 pmum01240 pmum01100 pmum01110]
M00932 Phylloquinone biosynthesis, chorismate (+ phytyl-PP) => phylloquinol [PATH:pmum00130 pmum01240 pmum01100 pmum01110]
M00112 Tocopherol/tocotorienol biosynthesis, homogentisate + phytyl/geranylgeranyl-PP => tocopherol/tocotorienol [PATH:pmum00130 pmum01240 pmum01100 pmum01110]
M00933 Plastoquinone biosynthesis, homogentisate + solanesyl-PP => plastoquinol [PATH:pmum00130 pmum01240 pmum01100 pmum01110]

Biosynthesis of terpenoids and polyketides
Terpenoid backbone biosynthesis
M00095 C5 isoprenoid biosynthesis, mevalonate pathway [PATH:pmum00900 pmum01100 pmum01110]
M00096 C5 isoprenoid biosynthesis, non-mevalonate pathway [PATH:pmum00900 pmum01100 pmum01110]
M00366 C10-C20 isoprenoid biosynthesis, plants [PATH:pmum00900 pmum01100 pmum01110]

Plant terpenoid biosynthesis
M00097 beta-Carotene biosynthesis, GGAP => beta-carotene [PATH:pmum00906 pmum01100 pmum01110]
M00372 Abscisic acid biosynthesis, beta-carotene => abscisic acid [PATH:pmum00906 pmum01100 pmum01110]
M00371 Castasterone biosynthesis, campesterol => castasterone [PATH:pmum00905 pmum01100 pmum01110]
M00927 Gibberellin A12 biosynthesis, GAPP => GA12 [PATH:pmum00904 pmum01100 pmum01110]
M00928 Gibberellin A4/A1 biosynthesis, GA12/GA53 => GA4/GA1 [PATH:pmum00904 pmum01100 pmum01110]

Macrolide biosynthesis
Enediyne biosynthesis
Type II polyketide biosynthesis
Polyketide sugar unit biosynthesis
Biosynthesis of other secondary metabolites
Biosynthesis of phytochemical compounds
M00039 Monolignol biosynthesis, phenylalanine/tyrosine => monolignol [PATH:pmum00940 pmum01100 pmum01110]
M00137 Flavanone biosynthesis, phenylalanine => naringenin [PATH:pmum00940 pmum00941 pmum01100 pmum01110]
M00138 Flavonoid biosynthesis, naringenin => pelargonidin [PATH:pmum00941 pmum01100 pmum01110]

Biosynthesis of beta-lactams
Biosynthesis of other antibiotics
Biosynthesis of other fungal compounds
Biosynthesis of other bacterial compounds
Xenobiotics biodegradation
Aromatics degradation

Gene set
Pathogenicity
Drug resistance
Plant pathogenicity
Symbiosis
Module set
Metabolic capacity
M00611 Oxygenic photosynthesis in plants and cyanobacteria
M00615 Nitrate assimilation