KEGG Modules

Carbohydrate metabolism
Central carbohydrate metabolism
M00001 Glycolysis (Embden-Meyerhof pathway), glucose => pyruvate [PATH:pno00010 pno01200 pno01100]
M00002 Glycolysis, core module involving three-carbon compounds [PATH:pno00010 pno01200 pno01230 pno01100]
M00003 Gluconeogenesis, oxaloacetate => fructose-6P [PATH:pno00010 pno00020 pno01100]
M00307 Pyruvate oxidation, pyruvate => acetyl-CoA [PATH:pno00010 pno00020 pno00620 pno00785 pno01200 pno01210 pno01100]
M00009 Citrate cycle (TCA cycle, Krebs cycle) [PATH:pno00020 pno01200 pno01100]
M00010 Citrate cycle, first carbon oxidation, oxaloacetate => 2-oxoglutarate [PATH:pno00020 pno01200 pno01210 pno01230 pno01100]
M00011 Citrate cycle, second carbon oxidation, 2-oxoglutarate => oxaloacetate [PATH:pno00020 pno01200 pno01210 pno01100]
M00004 Pentose phosphate pathway (Pentose phosphate cycle) [PATH:pno00030 pno01200 pno01100]
M00006 Pentose phosphate pathway, oxidative phase, glucose 6P => ribulose 5P [PATH:pno00030 pno01200 pno01100]
M00007 Pentose phosphate pathway, non-oxidative phase, fructose 6P => ribose 5P [PATH:pno00030 pno01200 pno01230 pno01100]
M00005 PRPP biosynthesis, ribose 5P => PRPP [PATH:pno00030 pno00230 pno01200 pno01230 pno01100]

Other carbohydrate metabolism
M00630 D-Galacturonate degradation (fungi), D-galacturonate => glycerol [PATH:pno00040 pno01100]
M00081 Pectin degradation [PATH:pno00040 pno01100]
M00632 Galactose degradation, Leloir pathway, galactose => alpha-D-glucose-1P [PATH:pno00052 pno01100]
M00854 Glycogen biosynthesis, glucose-1P => glycogen/starch [PATH:pno00500 pno01100]
M00855 Glycogen degradation, glycogen => glucose-6P [PATH:pno00500 pno01100]
M00549 Nucleotide sugar biosynthesis, glucose => UDP-glucose [PATH:pno00520 pno01250 pno01100]
M00554 Nucleotide sugar biosynthesis, galactose => UDP-galactose [PATH:pno00520 pno00052 pno01250 pno01100]
M00892 UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine biosynthesis, eukaryotes, glucose => UDP-GlcNAc [PATH:pno00520 pno01250 pno01100]
M00012 Glyoxylate cycle [PATH:pno00630 pno01200 pno01100 pno01110]
M00013 Malonate semialdehyde pathway, propanoyl-CoA => acetyl-CoA [PATH:pno00410 pno00640 pno01200 pno01100]

Energy metabolism
Carbon fixation
Methane metabolism
M00344 Formaldehyde assimilation, xylulose monophosphate pathway [PATH:pno00680 pno01200 pno01100]

Nitrogen metabolism
M00531 Assimilatory nitrate reduction, nitrate => ammonia [PATH:pno00910 pno01100]

Sulfur metabolism
M00176 Assimilatory sulfate reduction, sulfate => H2S [PATH:pno00920 pno01100]

Photosynthesis
ATP synthesis
M00142 NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase, mitochondria [PATH:pno00190 pno01100]
M00143 NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) Fe-S protein/flavoprotein complex, mitochondria [PATH:pno00190 pno01100]
M00148 Succinate dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) [PATH:pno00190 pno01100]
M00151 Cytochrome bc1 complex respiratory unit [PATH:pno00190 pno01100]

Lipid metabolism
Fatty acid metabolism
M00082 Fatty acid biosynthesis, initiation [PATH:pno00061 pno01212 pno01100]
M00083 Fatty acid biosynthesis, elongation [PATH:pno00061 pno01212 pno01100]
M00086 beta-Oxidation, acyl-CoA synthesis [PATH:pno00061 pno00071 pno01212 pno01100]

Sterol biosynthesis
Lipid metabolism
M00089 Triacylglycerol biosynthesis [PATH:pno00561 pno01100]
M00098 Acylglycerol degradation [PATH:pno00561 pno01100]
M00091 Phosphatidylcholine (PC) biosynthesis, PE => PC [PATH:pno00564 pno01100]
M00092 Phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) biosynthesis, ethanolamine => PE [PATH:pno00564 pno01100]
M00093 Phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) biosynthesis, PA => PS => PE [PATH:pno00564 pno01100]
M00094 Ceramide biosynthesis [PATH:pno00600 pno01100]
M00099 Sphingosine biosynthesis [PATH:pno00600 pno01100]
M00100 Sphingosine degradation [PATH:pno00600 pno01100]

Nucleotide metabolism
Purine metabolism
M00049 Adenine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, IMP => ADP,ATP [PATH:pno00230 pno01232 pno01240 pno01100]
M00050 Guanine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, IMP => GDP,GTP [PATH:pno00230 pno01232 pno01100]
M00053 Deoxyribonucleotide biosynthesis, ADP/GDP/CDP/UDP => dATP/dGTP/dCTP/dUTP [PATH:pno00230 pno00240 pno01232 pno01100]
M00958 Adenine ribonucleotide degradation, AMP => Urate [PATH:pno00230 pno01232 pno01100]

Pyrimidine metabolism
M00051 De novo pyrimidine biosynthesis, glutamine (+ PRPP) => UMP [PATH:pno00240 pno01240 pno01100]
M00052 Pyrimidine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, UMP => UDP/UTP,CDP/CTP [PATH:pno00240 pno01232 pno01240 pno01100]

Amino acid metabolism
Serine and threonine metabolism
M00020 Serine biosynthesis, glycerate-3P => serine [PATH:pno00260 pno00680 pno01200 pno01230 pno01100]
M00018 Threonine biosynthesis, aspartate => homoserine => threonine [PATH:pno00260 pno01230 pno01100 pno01110]
M00621 Glycine cleavage system [PATH:pno00260 pno00630 pno00785 pno01200 pno01100]

Cysteine and methionine metabolism
M00338 Cysteine biosynthesis, homocysteine + serine => cysteine [PATH:pno00260 pno00270 pno01230 pno01100]
M00017 Methionine biosynthesis, aspartate => homoserine => methionine [PATH:pno00270 pno01230 pno01100]
M00035 Methionine degradation [PATH:pno00270 pno01100]

Branched-chain amino acid metabolism
M00019 Valine/isoleucine biosynthesis, pyruvate => valine / 2-oxobutanoate => isoleucine [PATH:pno00290 pno00770 pno01210 pno01230 pno01100 pno01110]
M00570 Isoleucine biosynthesis, threonine => 2-oxobutanoate => isoleucine [PATH:pno00290 pno01230 pno01100]
M00432 Leucine biosynthesis, 2-oxoisovalerate => 2-oxoisocaproate [PATH:pno00290 pno01210 pno01230 pno01100 pno01110]
M00036 Leucine degradation, leucine => acetoacetate + acetyl-CoA [PATH:pno00280 pno01100]

Lysine metabolism
M00030 Lysine biosynthesis, AAA pathway, 2-oxoglutarate => 2-aminoadipate => lysine [PATH:pno00300 pno01230 pno01100]
M00433 Lysine biosynthesis, 2-oxoglutarate => 2-oxoadipate [PATH:pno00300 pno01210 pno01230 pno01100]

Arginine and proline metabolism
M00028 Ornithine biosynthesis, glutamate => ornithine [PATH:pno00220 pno01210 pno01230 pno01100]
M00844 Arginine biosynthesis, ornithine => arginine [PATH:pno00220 pno01230 pno01100]
M00015 Proline biosynthesis, glutamate => proline [PATH:pno00330 pno01230 pno01100]

Polyamine biosynthesis
M00134 Polyamine biosynthesis, arginine => ornithine => putrescine [PATH:pno00330 pno01100]

Histidine metabolism
M00026 Histidine biosynthesis, PRPP => histidine [PATH:pno00340 pno01230 pno01100 pno01110]

Aromatic amino acid metabolism
M00022 Shikimate pathway, phosphoenolpyruvate + erythrose-4P => chorismate [PATH:pno00400 pno01230 pno01100 pno01110]
M00023 Tryptophan biosynthesis, chorismate => tryptophan [PATH:pno00400 pno01230 pno01100 pno01110]
M00024 Phenylalanine biosynthesis, chorismate => phenylpyruvate => phenylalanine [PATH:pno00400 pno01230 pno01100 pno01110]
M00025 Tyrosine biosynthesis, chorismate => HPP => tyrosine [PATH:pno00400 pno01230 pno01100]

Other amino acid metabolism
M00027 GABA (gamma-Aminobutyrate) shunt [PATH:pno00250 pno00650 pno01100]
M00118 Glutathione biosynthesis, glutamate => glutathione [PATH:pno00480 pno01240 pno01100]

Glycan metabolism
Glycan biosynthesis
M00055 N-glycan precursor biosynthesis [PATH:pno00510 pno01100]
M00072 N-glycosylation by oligosaccharyltransferase [PATH:pno00510 pno00513 pno01100]
M00073 N-glycan precursor trimming [PATH:pno00510 pno01100]

Glycosaminoglycan metabolism
Lipopolysaccharide metabolism
Other polysaccharide metabolism
Metabolism of cofactors and vitamins
Cofactor and vitamin metabolism
M00916 Pyridoxal-P biosynthesis, R5P + glyceraldehyde-3P + glutamine => pyridoxal-P [PATH:pno00750 pno01240 pno01100]
M00123 Biotin biosynthesis, pimeloyl-ACP/CoA => biotin [PATH:pno00780 pno01240 pno01100]
M00882 Lipoic acid biosynthesis, eukaryotes, octanoyl-ACP => dihydrolipoyl-H [PATH:pno00785 pno01240 pno01100]
M00141 C1-unit interconversion, eukaryotes [PATH:pno00670 pno01240 pno01100]
M00128 Ubiquinone biosynthesis, eukaryotes, 4-hydroxybenzoate + polyprenyl-PP => ubiquinol [PATH:pno00130 pno01240 pno01100]

Biosynthesis of terpenoids and polyketides
Terpenoid backbone biosynthesis
M00095 C5 isoprenoid biosynthesis, mevalonate pathway [PATH:pno00900 pno01100 pno01110]
M00367 C10-C20 isoprenoid biosynthesis, non-plant eukaryotes [PATH:pno00900 pno01100 pno01110]

Plant terpenoid biosynthesis
Macrolide biosynthesis
Enediyne biosynthesis
Type II polyketide biosynthesis
Polyketide sugar unit biosynthesis
Biosynthesis of other secondary metabolites
Biosynthesis of phytochemical compounds
Biosynthesis of beta-lactams
Biosynthesis of other antibiotics
Biosynthesis of other fungal compounds
Biosynthesis of other bacterial compounds
Xenobiotics biodegradation
Aromatics degradation

Gene set
Pathogenicity
Drug resistance
Plant pathogenicity
Symbiosis
Module set
Metabolic capacity
M00615 Nitrate assimilation