KEGG Modules

Carbohydrate metabolism
Central carbohydrate metabolism
M00001 Glycolysis (Embden-Meyerhof pathway), glucose => pyruvate [PATH:raq00010 raq01200 raq01100]
M00002 Glycolysis, core module involving three-carbon compounds [PATH:raq00010 raq01200 raq01230 raq01100]
M00003 Gluconeogenesis, oxaloacetate => fructose-6P [PATH:raq00010 raq00020 raq01100]
M00307 Pyruvate oxidation, pyruvate => acetyl-CoA [PATH:raq00010 raq00020 raq00620 raq01200 raq01100]
M00009 Citrate cycle (TCA cycle, Krebs cycle) [PATH:raq00020 raq01200 raq01100]
M00010 Citrate cycle, first carbon oxidation, oxaloacetate => 2-oxoglutarate [PATH:raq00020 raq01200 raq01210 raq01230 raq01100]
M00011 Citrate cycle, second carbon oxidation, 2-oxoglutarate => oxaloacetate [PATH:raq00020 raq01200 raq01100]
M00004 Pentose phosphate pathway (Pentose phosphate cycle) [PATH:raq00030 raq01200 raq01100 raq01120]
M00006 Pentose phosphate pathway, oxidative phase, glucose 6P => ribulose 5P [PATH:raq00030 raq01200 raq01100 raq01120]
M00007 Pentose phosphate pathway, non-oxidative phase, fructose 6P => ribose 5P [PATH:raq00030 raq01200 raq01230 raq01100 raq01120]
M00005 PRPP biosynthesis, ribose 5P => PRPP [PATH:raq00030 raq00230 raq01200 raq01230 raq01100]
M00008 Entner-Doudoroff pathway, glucose-6P => glyceraldehyde-3P + pyruvate [PATH:raq00030 raq01200 raq01100 raq01120]

Other carbohydrate metabolism
M00631 D-Galacturonate degradation (bacteria), D-galacturonate => pyruvate + D-glyceraldehyde 3P [PATH:raq00040 raq00030 raq01100]
M00061 D-Glucuronate degradation, D-glucuronate => pyruvate + D-glyceraldehyde 3P [PATH:raq00040 raq00030 raq01100]
M00632 Galactose degradation, Leloir pathway, galactose => alpha-D-glucose-1P [PATH:raq00052 raq01100]
M00550 Ascorbate degradation, ascorbate => D-xylulose-5P [PATH:raq00053 raq01100 raq01120]
M00854 Glycogen biosynthesis, glucose-1P => glycogen/starch [PATH:raq00500 raq01100]
M00855 Glycogen degradation, glycogen => glucose-6P [PATH:raq00500 raq01100]
M00565 Trehalose biosynthesis, D-glucose 1P => trehalose [PATH:raq00500 raq01100 raq01110]
M00549 Nucleotide sugar biosynthesis, glucose => UDP-glucose [PATH:raq00520 raq01250 raq01100]
M00554 Nucleotide sugar biosynthesis, galactose => UDP-galactose [PATH:raq00520 raq00052 raq01250 raq01100]
M00909 UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine biosynthesis, prokaryotes, glucose => UDP-GlcNAc [PATH:raq00520 raq01250 raq01100]
M00761 Undecaprenylphosphate alpha-L-Ara4N biosynthesis, UDP-GlcA => undecaprenyl phosphate alpha-L-Ara4N [PATH:raq00520 raq01100]
M00012 Glyoxylate cycle [PATH:raq00630 raq01200 raq01100 raq01110]

Energy metabolism
Carbon fixation
M00168 CAM (Crassulacean acid metabolism), dark [PATH:raq00620 raq01200 raq01100 raq01120]
M00579 Phosphate acetyltransferase-acetate kinase pathway, acetyl-CoA => acetate [PATH:raq00430 raq00620 raq01200 raq01100 raq01120]

Methane metabolism
Nitrogen metabolism
M00175 Nitrogen fixation, nitrogen => ammonia [PATH:raq00910 raq01100 raq01120]
M00531 Assimilatory nitrate reduction, nitrate => ammonia [PATH:raq00910 raq01100 raq01120]
M00530 Dissimilatory nitrate reduction, nitrate => ammonia [PATH:raq00910 raq01100 raq01120]

Sulfur metabolism
M00176 Assimilatory sulfate reduction, sulfate => H2S [PATH:raq00920 raq01100 raq01120]

Photosynthesis
ATP synthesis
M00144 NADH:quinone oxidoreductase, prokaryotes [PATH:raq00190]
M00149 Succinate dehydrogenase, prokaryotes [PATH:raq00190]
M00150 Fumarate reductase, prokaryotes [PATH:raq00190]
M00153 Cytochrome bd ubiquinol oxidase [PATH:raq00190]
M00417 Cytochrome o ubiquinol oxidase [PATH:raq00190]
M00157 F-type ATPase, prokaryotes and chloroplasts [PATH:raq00190]

Lipid metabolism
Fatty acid metabolism
M00082 Fatty acid biosynthesis, initiation [PATH:raq00061 raq01212 raq01100]
M00083 Fatty acid biosynthesis, elongation [PATH:raq00061 raq01212 raq01100]
M00086 beta-Oxidation, acyl-CoA synthesis [PATH:raq00061 raq00071 raq01212 raq01100]
M00087 beta-Oxidation [PATH:raq00071 raq01212 raq01100]

Sterol biosynthesis
Lipid metabolism
M00093 Phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) biosynthesis, PA => PS => PE [PATH:raq00564 raq01100]

Nucleotide metabolism
Purine metabolism
M00048 De novo purine biosynthesis, PRPP + glutamine => IMP [PATH:raq00230 raq01100]
M00049 Adenine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, IMP => ADP,ATP [PATH:raq00230 raq01232 raq01240 raq01100]
M00050 Guanine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, IMP => GDP,GTP [PATH:raq00230 raq01232 raq01100]
M00053 Deoxyribonucleotide biosynthesis, ADP/GDP/CDP/UDP => dATP/dGTP/dCTP/dUTP [PATH:raq00230 raq00240 raq01232 raq01100]
M00958 Adenine ribonucleotide degradation, AMP => Urate [PATH:raq00230 raq01232 raq01100]
M00959 Guanine ribonucleotide degradation, GMP => Urate [PATH:raq00230 raq01232 raq01100]

Pyrimidine metabolism
M00051 De novo pyrimidine biosynthesis, glutamine (+ PRPP) => UMP [PATH:raq00240 raq01240 raq01100]
M00052 Pyrimidine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, UMP => UDP/UTP,CDP/CTP [PATH:raq00240 raq01232 raq01240 raq01100]
M00938 Pyrimidine deoxyribonucleotide biosynthesis, UDP => dTTP [PATH:raq00240 raq01232 raq01100]
M00939 Pyrimidine degradation, uracil => 3-hydroxypropanoate [PATH:raq00240 raq01100]

Amino acid metabolism
Serine and threonine metabolism
M00020 Serine biosynthesis, glycerate-3P => serine [PATH:raq00260 raq00680 raq01200 raq01230 raq01100]
M00018 Threonine biosynthesis, aspartate => homoserine => threonine [PATH:raq00260 raq01230 raq01100 raq01110]
M00621 Glycine cleavage system [PATH:raq00260 raq00630 raq01200 raq01100]
M00555 Betaine biosynthesis, choline => betaine [PATH:raq00260 raq01100]

Cysteine and methionine metabolism
M00021 Cysteine biosynthesis, serine => cysteine [PATH:raq00270 raq00920 raq01200 raq01230 raq01100 raq01110]
M00017 Methionine biosynthesis, aspartate => homoserine => methionine [PATH:raq00270 raq01230 raq01100]
M00034 Methionine salvage pathway [PATH:raq00270 raq01100]

Branched-chain amino acid metabolism
M00019 Valine/isoleucine biosynthesis, pyruvate => valine / 2-oxobutanoate => isoleucine [PATH:raq00290 raq00770 raq01210 raq01230 raq01100 raq01110]
M00570 Isoleucine biosynthesis, threonine => 2-oxobutanoate => isoleucine [PATH:raq00290 raq01230 raq01100]
M00432 Leucine biosynthesis, 2-oxoisovalerate => 2-oxoisocaproate [PATH:raq00290 raq01210 raq01230 raq01100 raq01110]

Lysine metabolism
M00016 Lysine biosynthesis, succinyl-DAP pathway, aspartate => lysine [PATH:raq00300 raq01230 raq01100]

Arginine and proline metabolism
M00028 Ornithine biosynthesis, glutamate => ornithine [PATH:raq00220 raq01210 raq01230 raq01100]
M00844 Arginine biosynthesis, ornithine => arginine [PATH:raq00220 raq01230 raq01100]
M00015 Proline biosynthesis, glutamate => proline [PATH:raq00330 raq01230 raq01100]
M00970 Proline degradation, proline => glutamate [PATH:raq00330 raq01100]
M00879 Arginine succinyltransferase pathway, arginine => glutamate [PATH:raq00330 raq01100]

Polyamine biosynthesis
Histidine metabolism
M00026 Histidine biosynthesis, PRPP => histidine [PATH:raq00340 raq01230 raq01100 raq01110]
M00045 Histidine degradation, histidine => N-formiminoglutamate => glutamate [PATH:raq00340 raq01100]

Aromatic amino acid metabolism
M00022 Shikimate pathway, phosphoenolpyruvate + erythrose-4P => chorismate [PATH:raq00400 raq01230 raq01100 raq01110]
M00023 Tryptophan biosynthesis, chorismate => tryptophan [PATH:raq00400 raq01230 raq01100 raq01110]
M00024 Phenylalanine biosynthesis, chorismate => phenylpyruvate => phenylalanine [PATH:raq00400 raq01230 raq01100 raq01110]
M00025 Tyrosine biosynthesis, chorismate => HPP => tyrosine [PATH:raq00400 raq01230 raq01100]

Other amino acid metabolism
M00118 Glutathione biosynthesis, glutamate => glutathione [PATH:raq00480 raq01240 raq01100]

Glycan metabolism
Glycan biosynthesis
Glycosaminoglycan metabolism
Lipopolysaccharide metabolism
M00060 KDO2-lipid A biosynthesis, Raetz pathway, LpxL-LpxM type [PATH:raq00540 raq01100]
M00063 CMP-KDO biosynthesis [PATH:raq00540 raq01250 raq01100]
M00064 ADP-L-glycero-D-manno-heptose biosynthesis [PATH:raq00540 raq01250 raq01100]

Metabolism of cofactors and vitamins
Cofactor and vitamin metabolism
M00127 Thiamine biosynthesis, prokaryotes, AIR (+ DXP/tyrosine) => TMP/TPP [PATH:raq00730 raq01240 raq01100]
M00899 Thiamine salvage pathway, HMP/HET => TMP [PATH:raq00730 raq01100]
M00125 Riboflavin biosynthesis, plants and bacteria, GTP => riboflavin/FMN/FAD [PATH:raq00740 raq01240 raq01100 raq01110]
M00124 Pyridoxal-P biosynthesis, erythrose-4P => pyridoxal-P [PATH:raq00750 raq01240 raq01100]
M00115 NAD biosynthesis, aspartate => quinolinate => NAD [PATH:raq00760 raq01240 raq01100]
M00119 Pantothenate biosynthesis, valine/L-aspartate => pantothenate [PATH:raq00770 raq01240 raq01100 raq01110]
M00120 Coenzyme A biosynthesis, pantothenate => CoA [PATH:raq00770 raq01240 raq01100]
M00123 Biotin biosynthesis, pimeloyl-ACP/CoA => biotin [PATH:raq00780 raq01240 raq01100]
M00881 Lipoic acid biosynthesis, plants and bacteria, octanoyl-ACP => dihydrolipoyl-E2/H [PATH:raq00785 raq01240 raq01100]
M00126 Tetrahydrofolate biosynthesis, GTP => THF [PATH:raq00790 raq00670 raq01240 raq01100]
M00880 Molybdenum cofactor biosynthesis, GTP => molybdenum cofactor [PATH:raq00790 raq01240 raq01100]
M00846 Siroheme biosynthesis, glutamyl-tRNA => siroheme [PATH:raq00860 raq01240 raq01100 raq01110]
M00121 Heme biosynthesis, plants and bacteria, glutamate => heme [PATH:raq00860 raq01240 raq01100 raq01110]
M00117 Ubiquinone biosynthesis, prokaryotes, chorismate (+ polyprenyl-PP) => ubiquinol [PATH:raq00130 raq01240 raq01100 raq01110]
M00116 Menaquinone biosynthesis, chorismate (+ polyprenyl-PP) => menaquinol [PATH:raq00130 raq01240 raq01100 raq01110]

Biosynthesis of terpenoids and polyketides
Terpenoid backbone biosynthesis
M00096 C5 isoprenoid biosynthesis, non-mevalonate pathway [PATH:raq00900 raq01100 raq01110]
M00364 C10-C20 isoprenoid biosynthesis, bacteria [PATH:raq00900 raq01100 raq01110]

Plant terpenoid biosynthesis
Macrolide biosynthesis
Enediyne biosynthesis
Type II polyketide biosynthesis
Polyketide sugar unit biosynthesis
M00793 dTDP-L-rhamnose biosynthesis [PATH:raq00521 raq00523 raq00541 raq01250 raq01100 raq01110]

Biosynthesis of other secondary metabolites
Biosynthesis of phytochemical compounds
Biosynthesis of beta-lactams
Biosynthesis of other antibiotics
Biosynthesis of other fungal compounds
Biosynthesis of other bacterial compounds
Xenobiotics biodegradation
Aromatics degradation

Gene set
Pathogenicity
Drug resistance
Plant pathogenicity
Symbiosis
Module set
Metabolic capacity
M00615 Nitrate assimilation
M00616 Sulfate-sulfur assimilation