KEGG Modules

Carbohydrate metabolism
Central carbohydrate metabolism
M00002 Glycolysis, core module involving three-carbon compounds [PATH:ret00010 ret01200 ret01230 ret01100]
M00307 Pyruvate oxidation, pyruvate => acetyl-CoA [PATH:ret00010 ret00020 ret00620 ret00785 ret01200 ret01210 ret01100]
M00011 Citrate cycle, second carbon oxidation, 2-oxoglutarate => oxaloacetate [PATH:ret00020 ret01200 ret01210 ret01100]
M00004 Pentose phosphate pathway (Pentose phosphate cycle) [PATH:ret00030 ret01200 ret01100 ret01120]
M00006 Pentose phosphate pathway, oxidative phase, glucose 6P => ribulose 5P [PATH:ret00030 ret01200 ret01100 ret01120]
M00007 Pentose phosphate pathway, non-oxidative phase, fructose 6P => ribose 5P [PATH:ret00030 ret01200 ret01230 ret01100 ret01120]
M00005 PRPP biosynthesis, ribose 5P => PRPP [PATH:ret00030 ret00230 ret01200 ret01230 ret01100]
M00008 Entner-Doudoroff pathway, glucose-6P => glyceraldehyde-3P + pyruvate [PATH:ret00030 ret01200 ret01100 ret01120]

Other carbohydrate metabolism
M00061 D-Glucuronate degradation, D-glucuronate => pyruvate + D-glyceraldehyde 3P [PATH:ret00040 ret00030 ret01100]
M00552 D-galactonate degradation, De Ley-Doudoroff pathway, D-galactonate => glycerate-3P [PATH:ret00052 ret01100]
M00854 Glycogen biosynthesis, glucose-1P => glycogen/starch [PATH:ret00500 ret01100]
M00855 Glycogen degradation, glycogen => glucose-6P [PATH:ret00500 ret01100]
M00565 Trehalose biosynthesis, D-glucose 1P => trehalose [PATH:ret00500 ret01100 ret01110]
M00549 Nucleotide sugar biosynthesis, glucose => UDP-glucose [PATH:ret00520 ret01250 ret01100]
M00909 UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine biosynthesis, prokaryotes, glucose => UDP-GlcNAc [PATH:ret00520 ret01250 ret01100]
M00793 dTDP-L-rhamnose biosynthesis, glucose-1P => dTDP-L-Rha [PATH:ret00521 ret00523 ret00541 ret01250 ret01100 ret01110]
M00012 Glyoxylate cycle [PATH:ret00630 ret01200 ret01100 ret01110]
M00741 Propanoyl-CoA metabolism, propanoyl-CoA => succinyl-CoA [PATH:ret00280 ret00630 ret00640 ret01200 ret01100]

Energy metabolism
Carbon fixation
M00169 CAM (Crassulacean acid metabolism), light [PATH:ret00620 ret00710 ret01200 ret01100 ret01120]

Methane metabolism
Nitrogen metabolism
M00175 Nitrogen fixation, nitrogen => ammonia [PATH:ret00910 ret01310 ret01100 ret01120]
M00531 Assimilatory nitrate reduction, nitrate => ammonia [PATH:ret00910 ret01310 ret01100 ret01120]

Sulfur metabolism
Photosynthesis
ATP synthesis
M00144 NADH:quinone oxidoreductase, prokaryotes [PATH:ret00190 ret01100]
M00149 Succinate dehydrogenase, prokaryotes [PATH:ret00190 ret01100]
M00151 Cytochrome bc1 complex respiratory unit [PATH:ret00190 ret01100]
M00155 Cytochrome c oxidase, prokaryotes [PATH:ret00190 ret01100]
M00417 Cytochrome o ubiquinol oxidase [PATH:ret00190 ret01100]
M00156 Cytochrome c oxidase, cbb3-type [PATH:ret00190 ret01100]
M00157 F-type ATPase, prokaryotes and chloroplasts [PATH:ret00190 ret01100]

Lipid metabolism
Fatty acid metabolism
M00082 Fatty acid biosynthesis, initiation [PATH:ret00061 ret01212 ret01100]
M00083 Fatty acid biosynthesis, elongation [PATH:ret00061 ret01212 ret01100]
M00086 beta-Oxidation, acyl-CoA synthesis [PATH:ret00061 ret00071 ret01212 ret01100]

Sterol biosynthesis
Lipid metabolism
M00091 Phosphatidylcholine (PC) biosynthesis, PE => PC [PATH:ret00564 ret01100]
M00093 Phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) biosynthesis, PA => PS => PE [PATH:ret00564 ret01100]

Nucleotide metabolism
Purine metabolism
M00048 De novo purine biosynthesis, PRPP + glutamine => IMP [PATH:ret00230 ret01100]
M00049 Adenine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, IMP => ADP,ATP [PATH:ret00230 ret01232 ret01240 ret01100]
M00050 Guanine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, IMP => GDP,GTP [PATH:ret00230 ret01232 ret01100]
M00053 Deoxyribonucleotide biosynthesis, ADP/GDP/CDP/UDP => dATP/dGTP/dCTP/dUTP [PATH:ret00230 ret00240 ret01232 ret01100]
M00958 Adenine ribonucleotide degradation, AMP => Urate [PATH:ret00230 ret01232 ret01100]
M00959 Guanine ribonucleotide degradation, GMP => Urate [PATH:ret00230 ret01232 ret01100]

Pyrimidine metabolism
M00052 Pyrimidine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, UMP => UDP/UTP,CDP/CTP [PATH:ret00240 ret01232 ret01240 ret01100]
M00938 Pyrimidine deoxyribonucleotide biosynthesis, UDP => dTTP [PATH:ret00240 ret01232 ret01100]
M00046 Pyrimidine degradation, uracil => beta-alanine, thymine => 3-aminoisobutanoate [PATH:ret00240 ret00410 ret00770 ret01100]

Amino acid metabolism
Serine and threonine metabolism
M00020 Serine biosynthesis, glycerate-3P => serine [PATH:ret00260 ret00680 ret01200 ret01230 ret01100]
M00018 Threonine biosynthesis, aspartate => homoserine => threonine [PATH:ret00260 ret01230 ret01100 ret01110]
M00621 Glycine cleavage system [PATH:ret00260 ret00630 ret00670 ret00785 ret01200 ret01100]
M00555 Betaine biosynthesis, choline => betaine [PATH:ret00260 ret00670 ret01100]
M00919 Ectoine degradation, ectoine => aspartate [PATH:ret00260 ret01100 ret01120]

Cysteine and methionine metabolism
M00021 Cysteine biosynthesis, serine => cysteine [PATH:ret00270 ret00920 ret01200 ret01230 ret01100 ret01110]

Branched-chain amino acid metabolism
M00019 Valine/isoleucine biosynthesis, pyruvate => valine / 2-oxobutanoate => isoleucine [PATH:ret00290 ret00770 ret01210 ret01230 ret01100 ret01110]
M00570 Isoleucine biosynthesis, threonine => 2-oxobutanoate => isoleucine [PATH:ret00290 ret01230 ret01100]
M00432 Leucine biosynthesis, 2-oxoisovalerate => 2-oxoisocaproate [PATH:ret00290 ret01210 ret01230 ret01100 ret01110]

Lysine metabolism
M00016 Lysine biosynthesis, succinyl-DAP pathway, aspartate => lysine [PATH:ret00300 ret01230 ret01100]

Arginine and proline metabolism
M00028 Ornithine biosynthesis, glutamate => ornithine [PATH:ret00220 ret01210 ret01230 ret01100]
M00844 Arginine biosynthesis, ornithine => arginine [PATH:ret00220 ret01230 ret01100]
M00015 Proline biosynthesis, glutamate => proline [PATH:ret00330 ret01230 ret01100]
M00970 Proline degradation, proline => glutamate [PATH:ret00330 ret01100]

Polyamine biosynthesis
M00134 Polyamine biosynthesis, arginine => ornithine => putrescine [PATH:ret00330 ret01100]

Histidine metabolism
M00026 Histidine biosynthesis, PRPP => histidine [PATH:ret00340 ret01230 ret01100 ret01110]
M00045 Histidine degradation, histidine => N-formiminoglutamate => glutamate [PATH:ret00340 ret01100]

Aromatic amino acid metabolism
M00022 Shikimate pathway, phosphoenolpyruvate + erythrose-4P => chorismate [PATH:ret00400 ret01230 ret01100 ret01110]
M00023 Tryptophan biosynthesis, chorismate => tryptophan [PATH:ret00400 ret01230 ret01100 ret01110]
M00024 Phenylalanine biosynthesis, chorismate => phenylpyruvate => phenylalanine [PATH:ret00400 ret01230 ret01100 ret01110]
M00040 Tyrosine biosynthesis, chorismate => arogenate => tyrosine [PATH:ret00400 ret01230 ret01100 ret01110]
M00044 Tyrosine degradation, tyrosine => homogentisate [PATH:ret00350 ret01100]

Other amino acid metabolism
M00118 Glutathione biosynthesis, glutamate => glutathione [PATH:ret00480 ret01240 ret01100]

Glycan metabolism
Glycan biosynthesis
Glycosaminoglycan metabolism
Lipopolysaccharide metabolism
Other polysaccharide metabolism
Metabolism of cofactors and vitamins
Cofactor and vitamin metabolism
M00899 Thiamine salvage pathway, HMP/HET => TMP [PATH:ret00730 ret01100]
M00115 NAD biosynthesis, aspartate => quinolinate => NAD [PATH:ret00760 ret01240 ret01100]
M00120 Coenzyme A biosynthesis, pantothenate => CoA [PATH:ret00770 ret01240 ret01100]
M00881 Lipoic acid biosynthesis, plants and bacteria, octanoyl-ACP => dihydrolipoyl-E2/H [PATH:ret00785 ret01240 ret01100]
M00126 Tetrahydrofolate biosynthesis, GTP => THF [PATH:ret00790 ret00670 ret01240 ret01100]
M00880 Molybdenum cofactor biosynthesis, GTP => molybdenum cofactor [PATH:ret00790 ret01240 ret01100]
M00988 PreQ1 biosynthesis, GTP => 7-Aminomethyl-7-deazaguanine [PATH:ret00790]
M00140 C1-unit interconversion, prokaryotes [PATH:ret00670 ret01240 ret01100]
M00925 Cobalamin biosynthesis, aerobic, uroporphyrinogen III => precorrin 2 => cobyrinate a,c-diamide [PATH:ret00860 ret01240 ret01100]

Biosynthesis of terpenoids and polyketides
Terpenoid backbone biosynthesis
M00096 C5 isoprenoid biosynthesis, non-mevalonate pathway [PATH:ret00900 ret01100 ret01110]
M00364 C10-C20 isoprenoid biosynthesis, bacteria [PATH:ret00900 ret01100 ret01110]

Plant terpenoid biosynthesis
Macrolide biosynthesis
Enediyne biosynthesis
Type II polyketide biosynthesis
Polyketide sugar unit biosynthesis
Biosynthesis of other secondary metabolites
Biosynthesis of phytochemical compounds
Biosynthesis of beta-lactams
Biosynthesis of other antibiotics
Biosynthesis of other fungal compounds
Biosynthesis of other bacterial compounds
Xenobiotics biodegradation
Aromatics degradation

Gene set
Pathogenicity
Drug resistance
Plant pathogenicity
Symbiosis
M00664 Nodulation

Module set
Metabolic capacity
M00615 Nitrate assimilation