KEGG Modules

Carbohydrate metabolism
Central carbohydrate metabolism
M00001 Glycolysis (Embden-Meyerhof pathway), glucose => pyruvate [PATH:shr00010 shr01200 shr01100]
M00002 Glycolysis, core module involving three-carbon compounds [PATH:shr00010 shr01200 shr01230 shr01100]
M00003 Gluconeogenesis, oxaloacetate => fructose-6P [PATH:shr00010 shr00020 shr01100]
M00307 Pyruvate oxidation, pyruvate => acetyl-CoA [PATH:shr00010 shr00020 shr00620 shr00785 shr01200 shr01210 shr01100]
M00009 Citrate cycle (TCA cycle, Krebs cycle) [PATH:shr00020 shr01200 shr01100]
M00010 Citrate cycle, first carbon oxidation, oxaloacetate => 2-oxoglutarate [PATH:shr00020 shr01200 shr01210 shr01230 shr01100]
M00011 Citrate cycle, second carbon oxidation, 2-oxoglutarate => oxaloacetate [PATH:shr00020 shr01200 shr01210 shr01100]
M00004 Pentose phosphate pathway (Pentose phosphate cycle) [PATH:shr00030 shr01200 shr01100]
M00006 Pentose phosphate pathway, oxidative phase, glucose 6P => ribulose 5P [PATH:shr00030 shr01200 shr01100]
M00007 Pentose phosphate pathway, non-oxidative phase, fructose 6P => ribose 5P [PATH:shr00030 shr01200 shr01230 shr01100]
M00005 PRPP biosynthesis, ribose 5P => PRPP [PATH:shr00030 shr00230 shr01200 shr01230 shr01100]

Other carbohydrate metabolism
M00014 Glucuronate pathway (uronate pathway) [PATH:shr00040 shr01100]
M00129 Ascorbate biosynthesis, animals, glucose-1P => ascorbate [PATH:shr00040 shr00053 shr01240 shr01100]
M00854 Glycogen biosynthesis, glucose-1P => glycogen/starch [PATH:shr00500 shr01100]
M00855 Glycogen degradation, glycogen => glucose-6P [PATH:shr00500 shr01100]
M00741 Propanoyl-CoA metabolism, propanoyl-CoA => succinyl-CoA [PATH:shr00280 shr00630 shr00640 shr01200 shr01100]
M00130 Inositol phosphate metabolism, PI=> PIP2 => Ins(1,4,5)P3 => Ins(1,3,4,5)P4 [PATH:shr00562 shr01100]
M00132 Inositol phosphate metabolism, Ins(1,3,4)P3 => phytate [PATH:shr00562 shr01100]

Energy metabolism
Carbon fixation
Methane metabolism
Nitrogen metabolism
Sulfur metabolism
Photosynthesis
ATP synthesis
M00142 NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase, mitochondria [PATH:shr00190 shr01100]
M00143 NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) Fe-S protein/flavoprotein complex, mitochondria [PATH:shr00190 shr01100]
M00147 NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) 1 beta subcomplex [PATH:shr00190 shr01100]
M00148 Succinate dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) [PATH:shr00190 shr01100]
M00151 Cytochrome bc1 complex respiratory unit [PATH:shr00190 shr01100]
M00152 Cytochrome bc1 complex [PATH:shr00190 shr01100]
M00154 Cytochrome c oxidase [PATH:shr00190 shr01100]
M00158 F-type ATPase, eukaryotes [PATH:shr00190 shr01100]
M00160 V-type ATPase, eukaryotes [PATH:shr00190 shr01100]

Lipid metabolism
Fatty acid metabolism
M00873 Fatty acid biosynthesis in mitochondria, animals [PATH:shr00061 shr01212 shr01100]
M00085 Fatty acid elongation in mitochondria [PATH:shr00062 shr01212 shr01100]
M00415 Fatty acid elongation in endoplasmic reticulum [PATH:shr00062 shr01040 shr01212 shr01100]
M00086 beta-Oxidation, acyl-CoA synthesis [PATH:shr00061 shr00071 shr01212 shr01100]
M00087 beta-Oxidation [PATH:shr00071 shr01212 shr01100]
M00861 beta-Oxidation, peroxisome, VLCFA [PATH:shr01040 shr01212 shr01100]

Sterol biosynthesis
M00101 Cholesterol biosynthesis, FPP => cholesterol [PATH:shr00100 shr01100]
M00103 Cholecalciferol biosynthesis [PATH:shr00100 shr01100]
M00106 Conjugated bile acid biosynthesis, cholate => taurocholate/glycocholate [PATH:shr00120 shr01100]
M00862 beta-Oxidation, peroxisome, tri/dihydroxycholestanoyl-CoA => choloyl/chenodeoxycholoyl-CoA [PATH:shr00120 shr01100]
M00107 Steroid hormone biosynthesis, cholesterol => pregnenolone => progesterone [PATH:shr00140 shr01100]
M00109 C21-Steroid hormone biosynthesis, progesterone => cortisol/cortisone [PATH:shr00140 shr01100]
M00110 C19/C18-Steroid hormone biosynthesis, pregnenolone => androstenedione => estrone [PATH:shr00140 shr01100]
M00976 C19-Steroid hormone biosynthesis, pregnenolone => testosterone => dihydrotestosterone [PATH:shr00140 shr01100]
M00977 C19-Steroid hormone biosynthesis (androgen backdoor pathway), pregnenolone => androsterone => dihydrotestosterone [PATH:shr00140 shr01100]

Lipid metabolism
M00089 Triacylglycerol biosynthesis [PATH:shr00561 shr01100]
M00098 Acylglycerol degradation [PATH:shr00561 shr01100]
M00090 Phosphatidylcholine (PC) biosynthesis, choline => PC [PATH:shr00564 shr01100]
M00091 Phosphatidylcholine (PC) biosynthesis, PE => PC [PATH:shr00564 shr01100]
M00092 Phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) biosynthesis, ethanolamine => PE [PATH:shr00564 shr01100]
M00094 Ceramide biosynthesis [PATH:shr00600 shr01100]
M00066 Lactosylceramide biosynthesis [PATH:shr00600 shr01100]
M00067 Sulfoglycolipids biosynthesis, ceramide/1-alkyl-2-acylglycerol => sulfatide/seminolipid [PATH:shr00600 shr00565 shr01100]
M00099 Sphingosine biosynthesis [PATH:shr00600 shr01100]
M00100 Sphingosine degradation [PATH:shr00600 shr01100]

Nucleotide metabolism
Purine metabolism
M00048 De novo purine biosynthesis, PRPP + glutamine => IMP [PATH:shr00230 shr01100]
M00049 Adenine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, IMP => ADP,ATP [PATH:shr00230 shr01232 shr01240 shr01100]
M00050 Guanine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, IMP => GDP,GTP [PATH:shr00230 shr01232 shr01100]
M00053 Deoxyribonucleotide biosynthesis, ADP/GDP/CDP/UDP => dATP/dGTP/dCTP/dUTP [PATH:shr00230 shr00240 shr01232 shr01100]
M00958 Adenine ribonucleotide degradation, AMP => Urate [PATH:shr00230 shr01232 shr01100]
M00959 Guanine ribonucleotide degradation, GMP => Urate [PATH:shr00230 shr01232 shr01100]

Pyrimidine metabolism
M00052 Pyrimidine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, UMP => UDP/UTP,CDP/CTP [PATH:shr00240 shr01232 shr01240 shr01100]
M00938 Pyrimidine deoxyribonucleotide biosynthesis, UDP => dTTP [PATH:shr00240 shr01232 shr01100]

Amino acid metabolism
Serine and threonine metabolism
M00020 Serine biosynthesis, glycerate-3P => serine [PATH:shr00260 shr01200 shr01230 shr01100]
M00621 Glycine cleavage system [PATH:shr00260 shr00630 shr00670 shr00785 shr01200 shr01100]
M00555 Betaine biosynthesis, choline => betaine [PATH:shr00260 shr00670 shr01100]
M00974 Betaine metabolism, animals, betaine => glycine [PATH:shr00260 shr00670 shr01100]

Cysteine and methionine metabolism
M00338 Cysteine biosynthesis, homocysteine + serine => cysteine [PATH:shr00260 shr00270 shr00670 shr01230 shr01100]
M00034 Methionine salvage pathway [PATH:shr00270 shr01100]
M00035 Methionine degradation [PATH:shr00270 shr00670 shr01100]

Branched-chain amino acid metabolism
Lysine metabolism
M00032 Lysine degradation, lysine => saccharopine => acetoacetyl-CoA [PATH:shr00310 shr01210 shr01100]

Arginine and proline metabolism
M00844 Arginine biosynthesis, ornithine => arginine [PATH:shr00220 shr01230 shr01100]
M00029 Urea cycle [PATH:shr00220 shr01230 shr01100]
M00015 Proline biosynthesis, glutamate => proline [PATH:shr00330 shr01230 shr01100]
M00970 Proline degradation, proline => glutamate [PATH:shr00330 shr01100]
M00972 Proline metabolism [PATH:shr00330 shr01100]
M00047 Creatine pathway [PATH:shr00330 shr00260 shr01100]

Polyamine biosynthesis
M00134 Polyamine biosynthesis, arginine => ornithine => putrescine [PATH:shr00330 shr01100]
M00135 GABA biosynthesis, eukaryotes, putrescine => GABA [PATH:shr00330 shr01100]

Histidine metabolism
M00045 Histidine degradation, histidine => N-formiminoglutamate => glutamate [PATH:shr00340 shr01100]

Aromatic amino acid metabolism
M00042 Catecholamine biosynthesis, tyrosine => dopamine => noradrenaline => adrenaline [PATH:shr00350 shr01100]
M00043 Thyroid hormone biosynthesis, tyrosine => triiodothyronine/thyroxine [PATH:shr00350 shr01100]
M00044 Tyrosine degradation, tyrosine => homogentisate [PATH:shr00350 shr01100]
M00037 Melatonin biosynthesis, animals, tryptophan => serotonin => melatonin [PATH:shr00380 shr01100]
M00038 Tryptophan metabolism, tryptophan => kynurenine => 2-aminomuconate [PATH:shr00380 shr01100]

Other amino acid metabolism
M00027 GABA (gamma-Aminobutyrate) shunt [PATH:shr00250 shr00650 shr01100]
M00118 Glutathione biosynthesis, glutamate => glutathione [PATH:shr00480 shr01240 shr01100]

Glycan metabolism
Nucleotide sugar biosynthesis
M00549 Nucleotide sugar biosynthesis, glucose => UDP-glucose [PATH:shr00520 shr01250 shr01100]
M00892 UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine biosynthesis, eukaryotes, glucose => UDP-GlcNAc [PATH:shr00520 shr01250 shr01100]

Glycan biosynthesis
M00073 N-glycan precursor trimming [PATH:shr00510 shr01100]
M00075 N-glycan biosynthesis, complex type [PATH:shr00510 shr01100]
M00983 GPI-anchor remodeling [PATH:shr00563 shr01100]
M00070 Glycosphingolipid biosynthesis, lacto-series, LacCer => Lc4Cer [PATH:shr00601 shr01100]
M00071 Glycosphingolipid biosynthesis, neolacto-series, LacCer => nLc4Cer [PATH:shr00601 shr01100]
M00068 Glycosphingolipid biosynthesis, globo-series, LacCer => Gb4Cer [PATH:shr00603 shr01100]
M00069 Glycosphingolipid biosynthesis, ganglio series, LacCer => GT3 [PATH:shr00604 shr01100]

Glycosaminoglycan metabolism
M00057 Glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis, linkage tetrasaccharide [PATH:shr00532 shr00534 shr01100]
M00058 Glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis, chondroitin sulfate backbone [PATH:shr00532 shr01100]
M00059 Glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis, heparan sulfate backbone [PATH:shr00534 shr01100]
M00076 Dermatan sulfate degradation [PATH:shr00531 shr01100]
M00077 Chondroitin sulfate degradation [PATH:shr00531 shr01100]
M00078 Heparan sulfate degradation [PATH:shr00531 shr01100]
M00079 Keratan sulfate degradation [PATH:shr00531 shr01100]

Lipopolysaccharide metabolism
Other polysaccharide metabolism
Metabolism of cofactors and vitamins
Cofactor and vitamin metabolism
M00912 NAD biosynthesis, tryptophan => quinolinate => NAD [PATH:shr00380 shr00760 shr01240 shr01100]
M00882 Lipoic acid biosynthesis, eukaryotes, octanoyl-ACP => dihydrolipoyl-H [PATH:shr00785 shr01240 shr01100]
M00883 Lipoic acid biosynthesis, animals and bacteria, octanoyl-ACP => dihydrolipoyl-H => dihydrolipoyl-E2 [PATH:shr00785 shr01240 shr01100]
M00842 Tetrahydrobiopterin biosynthesis, GTP => BH4 [PATH:shr00790 shr01240 shr01100]
M00880 Molybdenum cofactor biosynthesis, GTP => molybdenum cofactor [PATH:shr00790 shr01240 shr01100]
M00141 C1-unit interconversion, eukaryotes [PATH:shr00670 shr01240 shr01100]
M00128 Ubiquinone biosynthesis, eukaryotes, 4-hydroxybenzoate + polyprenyl-PP => ubiquinone [PATH:shr00130 shr01240 shr01100]

Biosynthesis of terpenoids and polyketides
Terpenoid backbone biosynthesis
M00095 C5 isoprenoid biosynthesis, mevalonate pathway [PATH:shr00900 shr01100]
M00367 C10-C20 isoprenoid biosynthesis, non-plant eukaryotes [PATH:shr00900 shr01100]

Plant terpenoid biosynthesis
Macrolide biosynthesis
Enediyne biosynthesis
Type II polyketide biosynthesis
Polyketide sugar unit biosynthesis
Biosynthesis of other secondary metabolites
Biosynthesis of phytochemical compounds
Biosynthesis of beta-lactams
Biosynthesis of other antibiotics
Biosynthesis of other fungal compounds
Biosynthesis of other bacterial compounds
Xenobiotics biodegradation
Aromatics degradation

Gene set
Pathogenicity
Drug resistance
Plant pathogenicity
Symbiosis
Module set
Metabolic capacity