KEGG Modules

Carbohydrate metabolism
Central carbohydrate metabolism
M00001 Glycolysis (Embden-Meyerhof pathway), glucose => pyruvate [PATH:stm00010 stm01200 stm01100]
M00002 Glycolysis, core module involving three-carbon compounds [PATH:stm00010 stm01200 stm01230 stm01100]
M00003 Gluconeogenesis, oxaloacetate => fructose-6P [PATH:stm00010 stm00020 stm01100]
M00307 Pyruvate oxidation, pyruvate => acetyl-CoA [PATH:stm00010 stm00020 stm00620 stm00785 stm01200 stm01210 stm01100]
M00009 Citrate cycle (TCA cycle, Krebs cycle) [PATH:stm00020 stm01200 stm01100]
M00010 Citrate cycle, first carbon oxidation, oxaloacetate => 2-oxoglutarate [PATH:stm00020 stm01200 stm01210 stm01230 stm01100]
M00011 Citrate cycle, second carbon oxidation, 2-oxoglutarate => oxaloacetate [PATH:stm00020 stm01200 stm01210 stm01100]
M00004 Pentose phosphate pathway (Pentose phosphate cycle) [PATH:stm00030 stm01200 stm01100 stm01120]
M00006 Pentose phosphate pathway, oxidative phase, glucose 6P => ribulose 5P [PATH:stm00030 stm01200 stm01100 stm01120]
M00007 Pentose phosphate pathway, non-oxidative phase, fructose 6P => ribose 5P [PATH:stm00030 stm01200 stm01230 stm01100 stm01120]
M00580 Pentose phosphate pathway, archaea, fructose 6P => ribose 5P [PATH:stm00030 stm01200 stm01230 stm01100 stm01120]
M00005 PRPP biosynthesis, ribose 5P => PRPP [PATH:stm00030 stm00230 stm01200 stm01230 stm01100]
M00008 Entner-Doudoroff pathway, glucose-6P => glyceraldehyde-3P + pyruvate [PATH:stm00030 stm01200 stm01100 stm01120]

Other carbohydrate metabolism
M00061 D-Glucuronate degradation, D-glucuronate => pyruvate + D-glyceraldehyde 3P [PATH:stm00040 stm00030 stm01100]
M00632 Galactose degradation, Leloir pathway, galactose => alpha-D-glucose-1P [PATH:stm00052 stm01100]
M00550 Ascorbate degradation, ascorbate => D-xylulose-5P [PATH:stm00053 stm01100 stm01120]
M00854 Glycogen biosynthesis, glucose-1P => glycogen/starch [PATH:stm00500 stm01100]
M00855 Glycogen degradation, glycogen => glucose-6P [PATH:stm00500 stm01100]
M00565 Trehalose biosynthesis, D-glucose 1P => trehalose [PATH:stm00500 stm01100 stm01110]
M00549 Nucleotide sugar biosynthesis, glucose => UDP-glucose [PATH:stm00520 stm01250 stm01100]
M00554 Nucleotide sugar biosynthesis, galactose => UDP-galactose [PATH:stm00520 stm00052 stm01250 stm01100]
M00909 UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine biosynthesis, prokaryotes, glucose => UDP-GlcNAc [PATH:stm00520 stm01250 stm01100]
M00761 Undecaprenylphosphate alpha-L-Ara4N biosynthesis, UDP-GlcA => undecaprenyl phosphate alpha-L-Ara4N [PATH:stm00520 stm01100]
M00012 Glyoxylate cycle [PATH:stm00630 stm01200 stm01100 stm01110]

Energy metabolism
Carbon fixation
M00168 CAM (Crassulacean acid metabolism), dark [PATH:stm00620 stm00710 stm01200 stm01100 stm01120]
M00579 Phosphate acetyltransferase-acetate kinase pathway, acetyl-CoA => acetate [PATH:stm00430 stm00620 stm00720 stm01200 stm01100 stm01120]

Methane metabolism
M00345 Formaldehyde assimilation, ribulose monophosphate pathway [PATH:stm00030 stm00680 stm01200 stm01230 stm01100 stm01120]

Nitrogen metabolism
M00530 Dissimilatory nitrate reduction, nitrate => ammonia [PATH:stm00910 stm01100 stm01120]

Sulfur metabolism
M00176 Assimilatory sulfate reduction, sulfate => H2S [PATH:stm00920 stm01100 stm01120]

Photosynthesis
ATP synthesis
M00144 NADH:quinone oxidoreductase, prokaryotes [PATH:stm00190 stm01100]
M00149 Succinate dehydrogenase, prokaryotes [PATH:stm00190 stm01100]
M00150 Fumarate reductase, prokaryotes [PATH:stm00190 stm01100]
M00153 Cytochrome bd ubiquinol oxidase [PATH:stm00190]
M00417 Cytochrome o ubiquinol oxidase [PATH:stm00190 stm01100]
M00157 F-type ATPase, prokaryotes and chloroplasts [PATH:stm00190 stm01100]

Lipid metabolism
Fatty acid metabolism
M00082 Fatty acid biosynthesis, initiation [PATH:stm00061 stm01212 stm01100]
M00083 Fatty acid biosynthesis, elongation [PATH:stm00061 stm01212 stm01100]
M00086 beta-Oxidation, acyl-CoA synthesis [PATH:stm00061 stm00071 stm01212 stm01100]
M00087 beta-Oxidation [PATH:stm00071 stm01212 stm01100]

Sterol biosynthesis
Lipid metabolism
M00093 Phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) biosynthesis, PA => PS => PE [PATH:stm00564 stm01100]

Nucleotide metabolism
Purine metabolism
M00048 De novo purine biosynthesis, PRPP + glutamine => IMP [PATH:stm00230 stm01100]
M00049 Adenine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, IMP => ADP,ATP [PATH:stm00230 stm01232 stm01240 stm01100]
M00050 Guanine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, IMP => GDP,GTP [PATH:stm00230 stm01232 stm01100]
M00053 Deoxyribonucleotide biosynthesis, ADP/GDP/CDP/UDP => dATP/dGTP/dCTP/dUTP [PATH:stm00230 stm00240 stm01232 stm01100]

Pyrimidine metabolism
M00051 De novo pyrimidine biosynthesis, glutamine (+ PRPP) => UMP [PATH:stm00240 stm01240 stm01100]
M00052 Pyrimidine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, UMP => UDP/UTP,CDP/CTP [PATH:stm00240 stm01232 stm01240 stm01100]
M00938 Pyrimidine deoxyribonucleotide biosynthesis, UDP => dTTP [PATH:stm00240 stm01232 stm01100]

Amino acid metabolism
Serine and threonine metabolism
M00020 Serine biosynthesis, glycerate-3P => serine [PATH:stm00260 stm00680 stm01200 stm01230 stm01100]
M00018 Threonine biosynthesis, aspartate => homoserine => threonine [PATH:stm00260 stm01230 stm01100 stm01110]
M00621 Glycine cleavage system [PATH:stm00260 stm00630 stm00785 stm01200 stm01100]

Cysteine and methionine metabolism
M00021 Cysteine biosynthesis, serine => cysteine [PATH:stm00270 stm00920 stm01200 stm01230 stm01100 stm01110]
M00017 Methionine biosynthesis, aspartate => homoserine => methionine [PATH:stm00270 stm01230 stm01100]

Branched-chain amino acid metabolism
M00019 Valine/isoleucine biosynthesis, pyruvate => valine / 2-oxobutanoate => isoleucine [PATH:stm00290 stm00770 stm01210 stm01230 stm01100 stm01110]
M00570 Isoleucine biosynthesis, threonine => 2-oxobutanoate => isoleucine [PATH:stm00290 stm01230 stm01100]
M00432 Leucine biosynthesis, 2-oxoisovalerate => 2-oxoisocaproate [PATH:stm00290 stm01210 stm01230 stm01100 stm01110]

Lysine metabolism
M00016 Lysine biosynthesis, succinyl-DAP pathway, aspartate => lysine [PATH:stm00300 stm01230 stm01100]
M00956 Lysine degradation, bacteria, L-lysine => succinate [PATH:stm00310 stm01100 stm01120]

Arginine and proline metabolism
M00028 Ornithine biosynthesis, glutamate => ornithine [PATH:stm00220 stm01210 stm01230 stm01100]
M00844 Arginine biosynthesis, ornithine => arginine [PATH:stm00220 stm01230 stm01100]
M00015 Proline biosynthesis, glutamate => proline [PATH:stm00330 stm01230 stm01100]
M00970 Proline degradation, proline => glutamate [PATH:stm00330 stm01100]
M00879 Arginine succinyltransferase pathway, arginine => glutamate [PATH:stm00330 stm01100]

Polyamine biosynthesis
M00133 Polyamine biosynthesis, arginine => agmatine => putrescine => spermidine [PATH:stm00330 stm01100]

Histidine metabolism
M00026 Histidine biosynthesis, PRPP => histidine [PATH:stm00340 stm01230 stm01100 stm01110]

Aromatic amino acid metabolism
M00022 Shikimate pathway, phosphoenolpyruvate + erythrose-4P => chorismate [PATH:stm00400 stm01230 stm01100 stm01110]
M00023 Tryptophan biosynthesis, chorismate => tryptophan [PATH:stm00400 stm01230 stm01100 stm01110]
M00024 Phenylalanine biosynthesis, chorismate => phenylpyruvate => phenylalanine [PATH:stm00400 stm01230 stm01100 stm01110]
M00025 Tyrosine biosynthesis, chorismate => HPP => tyrosine [PATH:stm00400 stm01230 stm01100]
M00533 Homoprotocatechuate degradation, homoprotocatechuate => 2-oxohept-3-enedioate [PATH:stm00350 stm01220 stm01100 stm01120]

Other amino acid metabolism
M00118 Glutathione biosynthesis, glutamate => glutathione [PATH:stm00480 stm01240 stm01100]

Glycan metabolism
Glycan biosynthesis
Glycosaminoglycan metabolism
Lipopolysaccharide metabolism
M00060 KDO2-lipid A biosynthesis, Raetz pathway, LpxL-LpxM type [PATH:stm00540 stm01100]
M00063 CMP-KDO biosynthesis [PATH:stm00540 stm01250 stm01100]
M00064 ADP-L-glycero-D-manno-heptose biosynthesis [PATH:stm00540 stm01250 stm01100]

Other polysaccharide metabolism
Metabolism of cofactors and vitamins
Cofactor and vitamin metabolism
M00127 Thiamine biosynthesis, prokaryotes, AIR (+ DXP/tyrosine) => TMP/TPP [PATH:stm00730 stm01240 stm01100]
M00899 Thiamine salvage pathway, HMP/HET => TMP [PATH:stm00730 stm01100]
M00125 Riboflavin biosynthesis, plants and bacteria, GTP => riboflavin/FMN/FAD [PATH:stm00740 stm01240 stm01100 stm01110]
M00124 Pyridoxal-P biosynthesis, erythrose-4P => pyridoxal-P [PATH:stm00750 stm01240 stm01100]
M00115 NAD biosynthesis, aspartate => quinolinate => NAD [PATH:stm00760 stm01240 stm01100]
M00119 Pantothenate biosynthesis, valine/L-aspartate => pantothenate [PATH:stm00770 stm01240 stm01100 stm01110]
M00120 Coenzyme A biosynthesis, pantothenate => CoA [PATH:stm00770 stm01240 stm01100]
M00572 Pimeloyl-ACP biosynthesis, BioC-BioH pathway, malonyl-ACP => pimeloyl-ACP [PATH:stm00780 stm01240 stm01100]
M00123 Biotin biosynthesis, pimeloyl-ACP/CoA => biotin [PATH:stm00780 stm01240 stm01100]
M00881 Lipoic acid biosynthesis, plants and bacteria, octanoyl-ACP => dihydrolipoyl-E2/H [PATH:stm00785 stm01240 stm01100]
M00126 Tetrahydrofolate biosynthesis, GTP => THF [PATH:stm00790 stm00670 stm01240 stm01100]
M00880 Molybdenum cofactor biosynthesis, GTP => molybdenum cofactor [PATH:stm00790 stm01240 stm01100]
M00846 Siroheme biosynthesis, glutamyl-tRNA => siroheme [PATH:stm00860 stm01240 stm01100 stm01110]
M00121 Heme biosynthesis, plants and bacteria, glutamate => heme [PATH:stm00860 stm01240 stm01100 stm01110]
M00924 Cobalamin biosynthesis, anaerobic, uroporphyrinogen III => sirohydrochlorin => cobyrinate a,c-diamide [PATH:stm00860 stm01240 stm01100]
M00122 Cobalamin biosynthesis, cobyrinate a,c-diamide => cobalamin [PATH:stm00860 stm01240 stm01100]
M00117 Ubiquinone biosynthesis, prokaryotes, chorismate (+ polyprenyl-PP) => ubiquinol [PATH:stm00130 stm01240 stm01100 stm01110]
M00116 Menaquinone biosynthesis, chorismate (+ polyprenyl-PP) => menaquinol [PATH:stm00130 stm01240 stm01100 stm01110]

Biosynthesis of terpenoids and polyketides
Terpenoid backbone biosynthesis
M00096 C5 isoprenoid biosynthesis, non-mevalonate pathway [PATH:stm00900 stm01100 stm01110]
M00364 C10-C20 isoprenoid biosynthesis, bacteria [PATH:stm00900 stm01100 stm01110]

Plant terpenoid biosynthesis
Macrolide biosynthesis
Enediyne biosynthesis
Type II polyketide biosynthesis
Polyketide sugar unit biosynthesis
M00793 dTDP-L-rhamnose biosynthesis [PATH:stm00521 stm00523 stm00541 stm01250 stm01100 stm01110]

Biosynthesis of other secondary metabolites
Biosynthesis of phytochemical compounds
Biosynthesis of beta-lactams
Biosynthesis of other antibiotics
Biosynthesis of other fungal compounds
Biosynthesis of other bacterial compounds
Xenobiotics biodegradation
Aromatics degradation

Gene set
Pathogenicity
Drug resistance
M00744 Cationic antimicrobial peptide (CAMP) resistance, protease PgtE
M00696 Multidrug resistance, efflux pump AcrEF-TolC
M00746 Multidrug resistance, repression of porin OmpF

Plant pathogenicity
Symbiosis
Module set
Metabolic capacity
M00616 Sulfate-sulfur assimilation