KEGG Modules

Carbohydrate metabolism
Central carbohydrate metabolism
M00001 Glycolysis (Embden-Meyerhof pathway), glucose => pyruvate [PATH:svg00010 svg01200 svg01100]
M00002 Glycolysis, core module involving three-carbon compounds [PATH:svg00010 svg01200 svg01230 svg01100]
M00003 Gluconeogenesis, oxaloacetate => fructose-6P [PATH:svg00010 svg00020 svg01100]
M00307 Pyruvate oxidation, pyruvate => acetyl-CoA [PATH:svg00010 svg00020 svg00620 svg00785 svg01200 svg01210 svg01100]
M00009 Citrate cycle (TCA cycle, Krebs cycle) [PATH:svg00020 svg01200 svg01100]
M00010 Citrate cycle, first carbon oxidation, oxaloacetate => 2-oxoglutarate [PATH:svg00020 svg01200 svg01210 svg01230 svg01100]
M00011 Citrate cycle, second carbon oxidation, 2-oxoglutarate => oxaloacetate [PATH:svg00020 svg01200 svg01210 svg01100]
M00004 Pentose phosphate pathway (Pentose phosphate cycle) [PATH:svg00030 svg01200 svg01100]
M00006 Pentose phosphate pathway, oxidative phase, glucose 6P => ribulose 5P [PATH:svg00030 svg01200 svg01100]
M00007 Pentose phosphate pathway, non-oxidative phase, fructose 6P => ribose 5P [PATH:svg00030 svg01200 svg01230 svg01100]
M00005 PRPP biosynthesis, ribose 5P => PRPP [PATH:svg00030 svg00230 svg01200 svg01230 svg01100]

Other carbohydrate metabolism
M00014 Glucuronate pathway (uronate pathway) [PATH:svg00040 svg01100]
M00632 Galactose degradation, Leloir pathway, galactose => alpha-D-glucose-1P [PATH:svg00052 svg01100]
M00129 Ascorbate biosynthesis, animals, glucose-1P => ascorbate [PATH:svg00040 svg00053 svg01240 svg01100]
M00854 Glycogen biosynthesis, glucose-1P => glycogen/starch [PATH:svg00500 svg01100]
M00855 Glycogen degradation, glycogen => glucose-6P [PATH:svg00500 svg01100]
M00549 Nucleotide sugar biosynthesis, glucose => UDP-glucose [PATH:svg00520 svg01250 svg01100]
M00554 Nucleotide sugar biosynthesis, galactose => UDP-galactose [PATH:svg00520 svg00052 svg01250 svg01100]
M00892 UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine biosynthesis, eukaryotes, glucose => UDP-GlcNAc [PATH:svg00520 svg01250 svg01100]
M00741 Propanoyl-CoA metabolism, propanoyl-CoA => succinyl-CoA [PATH:svg00280 svg00630 svg00640 svg01200 svg01100]
M00130 Inositol phosphate metabolism, PI=> PIP2 => Ins(1,4,5)P3 => Ins(1,3,4,5)P4 [PATH:svg00562 svg01100]
M00131 Inositol phosphate metabolism, Ins(1,3,4,5)P4 => Ins(1,3,4)P3 => myo-inositol [PATH:svg00562 svg01100]
M00132 Inositol phosphate metabolism, Ins(1,3,4)P3 => phytate [PATH:svg00562 svg01100]

Energy metabolism
Carbon fixation
Methane metabolism
Nitrogen metabolism
Sulfur metabolism
Photosynthesis
ATP synthesis
M00143 NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) Fe-S protein/flavoprotein complex, mitochondria [PATH:svg00190 svg01100]
M00148 Succinate dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) [PATH:svg00190 svg01100]
M00160 V-type ATPase, eukaryotes [PATH:svg00190 svg01100]

Lipid metabolism
Fatty acid metabolism
M00082 Fatty acid biosynthesis, initiation [PATH:svg00061 svg01212 svg01100]
M00083 Fatty acid biosynthesis, elongation [PATH:svg00061 svg01212 svg01100]
M00085 Fatty acid elongation in mitochondria [PATH:svg00062 svg01212 svg01100]
M00415 Fatty acid elongation in endoplasmic reticulum [PATH:svg00062 svg01040 svg01212 svg01100]
M00086 beta-Oxidation, acyl-CoA synthesis [PATH:svg00061 svg00071 svg01212 svg01100]
M00087 beta-Oxidation [PATH:svg00071 svg01212 svg01100]
M00861 beta-Oxidation, peroxisome, VLCFA [PATH:svg01040 svg01212 svg01100]

Sterol biosynthesis
M00101 Cholesterol biosynthesis, FPP => cholesterol [PATH:svg00100 svg01100]
M00103 Cholecalciferol biosynthesis [PATH:svg00100 svg01100]
M00862 beta-Oxidation, peroxisome, tri/dihydroxycholestanoyl-CoA => choloyl/chenodeoxycholoyl-CoA [PATH:svg00120 svg01100]
M00107 Steroid hormone biosynthesis, cholesterol => pregnenolone => progesterone [PATH:svg00140 svg01100]
M00110 C19/C18-Steroid hormone biosynthesis, pregnenolone => androstenedione => estrone [PATH:svg00140 svg01100]
M00976 C19-Steroid hormone biosynthesis, pregnenolone => testosterone => dihydrotestosterone [PATH:svg00140 svg01100]

Lipid metabolism
M00089 Triacylglycerol biosynthesis [PATH:svg00561 svg01100]
M00098 Acylglycerol degradation [PATH:svg00561 svg01100]
M00090 Phosphatidylcholine (PC) biosynthesis, choline => PC [PATH:svg00564 svg01100]
M00091 Phosphatidylcholine (PC) biosynthesis, PE => PC [PATH:svg00564 svg01100]
M00092 Phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) biosynthesis, ethanolamine => PE [PATH:svg00564 svg01100]
M00094 Ceramide biosynthesis [PATH:svg00600 svg01100]
M00066 Lactosylceramide biosynthesis [PATH:svg00600 svg01100]
M00067 Sulfoglycolipids biosynthesis, ceramide/1-alkyl-2-acylglycerol => sulfatide/seminolipid [PATH:svg00600 svg00565 svg01100]
M00099 Sphingosine biosynthesis [PATH:svg00600 svg01100]
M00100 Sphingosine degradation [PATH:svg00600 svg01100]

Nucleotide metabolism
Purine metabolism
M00049 Adenine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, IMP => ADP,ATP [PATH:svg00230 svg01232 svg01240 svg01100]
M00050 Guanine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, IMP => GDP,GTP [PATH:svg00230 svg01232 svg01100]
M00053 Deoxyribonucleotide biosynthesis, ADP/GDP/CDP/UDP => dATP/dGTP/dCTP/dUTP [PATH:svg00230 svg00240 svg01232 svg01100]
M00958 Adenine ribonucleotide degradation, AMP => Urate [PATH:svg00230 svg01232 svg01100]
M00959 Guanine ribonucleotide degradation, GMP => Urate [PATH:svg00230 svg01232 svg01100]

Pyrimidine metabolism
M00051 De novo pyrimidine biosynthesis, glutamine (+ PRPP) => UMP [PATH:svg00240 svg01240 svg01100]
M00052 Pyrimidine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, UMP => UDP/UTP,CDP/CTP [PATH:svg00240 svg01232 svg01240 svg01100]
M00938 Pyrimidine deoxyribonucleotide biosynthesis, UDP => dTTP [PATH:svg00240 svg01232 svg01100]
M00046 Pyrimidine degradation, uracil => beta-alanine, thymine => 3-aminoisobutanoate [PATH:svg00240 svg00410 svg00770 svg01100]

Amino acid metabolism
Serine and threonine metabolism
M00020 Serine biosynthesis, glycerate-3P => serine [PATH:svg00260 svg01200 svg01230 svg01100]
M00621 Glycine cleavage system [PATH:svg00260 svg00630 svg00785 svg01200 svg01100]
M00555 Betaine biosynthesis, choline => betaine [PATH:svg00260 svg01100]
M00974 Betaine metabolism, animals, betaine => glycine [PATH:svg00260 svg01100]

Cysteine and methionine metabolism
M00338 Cysteine biosynthesis, homocysteine + serine => cysteine [PATH:svg00260 svg00270 svg01230 svg01100]
M00034 Methionine salvage pathway [PATH:svg00270 svg01100]
M00035 Methionine degradation [PATH:svg00270 svg01100]

Branched-chain amino acid metabolism
Lysine metabolism
M00032 Lysine degradation, lysine => saccharopine => acetoacetyl-CoA [PATH:svg00310 svg01210 svg01100]

Arginine and proline metabolism
M00844 Arginine biosynthesis, ornithine => arginine [PATH:svg00220 svg01230 svg01100]
M00029 Urea cycle [PATH:svg00220 svg01230 svg01100]
M00015 Proline biosynthesis, glutamate => proline [PATH:svg00330 svg01230 svg01100]
M00970 Proline degradation, proline => glutamate [PATH:svg00330 svg01100]
M00972 Proline metabolism [PATH:svg00330 svg01100]
M00047 Creatine pathway [PATH:svg00330 svg00260 svg01100]

Polyamine biosynthesis
M00134 Polyamine biosynthesis, arginine => ornithine => putrescine [PATH:svg00330 svg01100]
M00135 GABA biosynthesis, eukaryotes, putrescine => GABA [PATH:svg00330 svg01100]

Histidine metabolism
M00045 Histidine degradation, histidine => N-formiminoglutamate => glutamate [PATH:svg00340 svg01100]

Aromatic amino acid metabolism
M00042 Catecholamine biosynthesis, tyrosine => dopamine => noradrenaline => adrenaline [PATH:svg00350 svg01100]
M00043 Thyroid hormone biosynthesis, tyrosine => triiodothyronine/thyroxine [PATH:svg00350 svg01100]
M00044 Tyrosine degradation, tyrosine => homogentisate [PATH:svg00350 svg01100]
M00037 Melatonin biosynthesis, animals, tryptophan => serotonin => melatonin [PATH:svg00380 svg01100]
M00038 Tryptophan metabolism, tryptophan => kynurenine => 2-aminomuconate [PATH:svg00380 svg01100]

Other amino acid metabolism
M00027 GABA (gamma-Aminobutyrate) shunt [PATH:svg00250 svg00650 svg01100]
M00118 Glutathione biosynthesis, glutamate => glutathione [PATH:svg00480 svg01240 svg01100]

Glycan metabolism
Glycan biosynthesis
M00055 N-glycan precursor biosynthesis [PATH:svg00510 svg01100]
M00073 N-glycan precursor trimming [PATH:svg00510 svg01100]
M00075 N-glycan biosynthesis, complex type [PATH:svg00510 svg01100]
M00065 GPI-anchor biosynthesis, core oligosaccharide [PATH:svg00563 svg01100]
M00070 Glycosphingolipid biosynthesis, lacto-series, LacCer => Lc4Cer [PATH:svg00601 svg01100]
M00071 Glycosphingolipid biosynthesis, neolacto-series, LacCer => nLc4Cer [PATH:svg00601 svg01100]
M00068 Glycosphingolipid biosynthesis, globo-series, LacCer => Gb4Cer [PATH:svg00603 svg01100]
M00069 Glycosphingolipid biosynthesis, ganglio series, LacCer => GT3 [PATH:svg00604 svg01100]

Glycosaminoglycan metabolism
M00057 Glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis, linkage tetrasaccharide [PATH:svg00532 svg00534 svg01100]
M00058 Glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis, chondroitin sulfate backbone [PATH:svg00532 svg01100]
M00059 Glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis, heparan sulfate backbone [PATH:svg00534 svg01100]
M00076 Dermatan sulfate degradation [PATH:svg00531 svg01100]
M00077 Chondroitin sulfate degradation [PATH:svg00531 svg01100]
M00078 Heparan sulfate degradation [PATH:svg00531 svg01100]
M00079 Keratan sulfate degradation [PATH:svg00531 svg01100]

Lipopolysaccharide metabolism
Other polysaccharide metabolism
Metabolism of cofactors and vitamins
Cofactor and vitamin metabolism
M00120 Coenzyme A biosynthesis, pantothenate => CoA [PATH:svg00770 svg01240 svg01100]
M00882 Lipoic acid biosynthesis, eukaryotes, octanoyl-ACP => dihydrolipoyl-H [PATH:svg00785 svg01240 svg01100]
M00883 Lipoic acid biosynthesis, animals and bacteria, octanoyl-ACP => dihydrolipoyl-H => dihydrolipoyl-E2 [PATH:svg00785 svg01240 svg01100]
M00842 Tetrahydrobiopterin biosynthesis, GTP => BH4 [PATH:svg00790 svg01240 svg01100]
M00880 Molybdenum cofactor biosynthesis, GTP => molybdenum cofactor [PATH:svg00790 svg01240 svg01100]
M00141 C1-unit interconversion, eukaryotes [PATH:svg00670 svg01240 svg01100]
M00868 Heme biosynthesis, animals and fungi, glycine => heme [PATH:svg00860 svg01240 svg01100]
M00128 Ubiquinone biosynthesis, eukaryotes, 4-hydroxybenzoate + polyprenyl-PP => ubiquinol [PATH:svg00130 svg01240 svg01100]

Biosynthesis of terpenoids and polyketides
Terpenoid backbone biosynthesis
M00095 C5 isoprenoid biosynthesis, mevalonate pathway [PATH:svg00900 svg01100]
M00367 C10-C20 isoprenoid biosynthesis, non-plant eukaryotes [PATH:svg00900 svg01100]

Plant terpenoid biosynthesis
Macrolide biosynthesis
Enediyne biosynthesis
Type II polyketide biosynthesis
Polyketide sugar unit biosynthesis
Biosynthesis of other secondary metabolites
Biosynthesis of phytochemical compounds
Biosynthesis of beta-lactams
Biosynthesis of other antibiotics
Biosynthesis of other fungal compounds
Biosynthesis of other bacterial compounds
Xenobiotics biodegradation
Aromatics degradation

Gene set
Pathogenicity
Drug resistance
Plant pathogenicity
Symbiosis
Module set
Metabolic capacity