KEGG Modules

Carbohydrate metabolism
Central carbohydrate metabolism
M00001 Glycolysis (Embden-Meyerhof pathway), glucose => pyruvate [PATH:tss00010 tss01200 tss01100]
M00002 Glycolysis, core module involving three-carbon compounds [PATH:tss00010 tss01200 tss01230 tss01100]
M00003 Gluconeogenesis, oxaloacetate => fructose-6P [PATH:tss00010 tss00020 tss01100]
M00307 Pyruvate oxidation, pyruvate => acetyl-CoA [PATH:tss00010 tss00020 tss00620 tss01200 tss01100]
M00010 Citrate cycle, first carbon oxidation, oxaloacetate => 2-oxoglutarate [PATH:tss00020 tss01200 tss01210 tss01230 tss01100]
M00004 Pentose phosphate pathway (Pentose phosphate cycle) [PATH:tss00030 tss01200 tss01100]
M00006 Pentose phosphate pathway, oxidative phase, glucose 6P => ribulose 5P [PATH:tss00030 tss01200 tss01100]
M00007 Pentose phosphate pathway, non-oxidative phase, fructose 6P => ribose 5P [PATH:tss00030 tss01200 tss01230 tss01100]
M00005 PRPP biosynthesis, ribose 5P => PRPP [PATH:tss00030 tss00230 tss01200 tss01230 tss01100]

Other carbohydrate metabolism
M00081 Pectin degradation [PATH:tss00040 tss01100]
M00114 Ascorbate biosynthesis, plants, fructose-6P => ascorbate [PATH:tss00051 tss00053 tss01240 tss01100 tss01110]
M00854 Glycogen biosynthesis, glucose-1P => glycogen/starch [PATH:tss00500 tss01100]
M00549 Nucleotide sugar biosynthesis, glucose => UDP-glucose [PATH:tss00520 tss01250 tss01100]
M00892 UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine biosynthesis, eukaryotes, glucose => UDP-GlcNAc [PATH:tss00520 tss01250 tss01100]
M00012 Glyoxylate cycle [PATH:tss00630 tss01200 tss01100 tss01110]
M00532 Photorespiration [PATH:tss00630 tss01200 tss01100 tss01110]
M00132 Inositol phosphate metabolism, Ins(1,3,4)P3 => phytate [PATH:tss00562 tss01100]

Energy metabolism
Carbon fixation
M00165 Reductive pentose phosphate cycle (Calvin cycle) [PATH:tss00710 tss01200 tss01100]
M00166 Reductive pentose phosphate cycle, ribulose-5P => glyceraldehyde-3P [PATH:tss00710 tss01200 tss01100]
M00167 Reductive pentose phosphate cycle, glyceraldehyde-3P => ribulose-5P [PATH:tss00710 tss01200 tss01100]
M00168 CAM (Crassulacean acid metabolism), dark [PATH:tss00620 tss00710 tss01200 tss01100]
M00169 CAM (Crassulacean acid metabolism), light [PATH:tss00620 tss00710 tss01200 tss01100]
M00172 C4-dicarboxylic acid cycle, NADP - malic enzyme type [PATH:tss00620 tss00710 tss01200 tss01100]
M00171 C4-dicarboxylic acid cycle, NAD - malic enzyme type [PATH:tss00710 tss01200 tss01100]
M00170 C4-dicarboxylic acid cycle, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase type [PATH:tss00710 tss01200 tss01100]

Methane metabolism
Nitrogen metabolism
M00531 Assimilatory nitrate reduction, nitrate => ammonia [PATH:tss00910 tss01100]

Sulfur metabolism
Photosynthesis
M00163 Photosystem I [PATH:tss00195]

ATP synthesis
M00142 NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase, mitochondria [PATH:tss00190]
M00143 NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) Fe-S protein/flavoprotein complex, mitochondria [PATH:tss00190]

Lipid metabolism
Fatty acid metabolism
M00082 Fatty acid biosynthesis, initiation [PATH:tss00061 tss01212 tss01100]
M00083 Fatty acid biosynthesis, elongation [PATH:tss00061 tss01212 tss01100]
M00415 Fatty acid elongation in endoplasmic reticulum [PATH:tss00062 tss01040 tss01212 tss01100]
M00086 beta-Oxidation, acyl-CoA synthesis [PATH:tss00061 tss00071 tss01212 tss01100]
M00087 beta-Oxidation [PATH:tss00071 tss01212 tss01100]

Sterol biosynthesis
M00917 Phytosterol biosynthesis, squalene 2,3-epoxide => campesterol/sitosterol [PATH:tss00100 tss01100 tss01110]

Lipid metabolism
M00089 Triacylglycerol biosynthesis [PATH:tss00561 tss01100]
M00098 Acylglycerol degradation [PATH:tss00561 tss01100]
M00092 Phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) biosynthesis, ethanolamine => PE [PATH:tss00564 tss01100]
M00100 Sphingosine degradation [PATH:tss00600 tss01100]
M00113 Jasmonic acid biosynthesis [PATH:tss00592 tss01100 tss01110]

Nucleotide metabolism
Purine metabolism
M00048 De novo purine biosynthesis, PRPP + glutamine => IMP [PATH:tss00230 tss01100]
M00049 Adenine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, IMP => ADP,ATP [PATH:tss00230 tss01232 tss01240 tss01100]
M00050 Guanine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, IMP => GDP,GTP [PATH:tss00230 tss01232 tss01100]
M00053 Deoxyribonucleotide biosynthesis, ADP/GDP/CDP/UDP => dATP/dGTP/dCTP/dUTP [PATH:tss00230 tss00240 tss01232 tss01100]

Pyrimidine metabolism
M00052 Pyrimidine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, UMP => UDP/UTP,CDP/CTP [PATH:tss00240 tss01232 tss01240 tss01100]
M00938 Pyrimidine deoxyribonucleotide biosynthesis, UDP => dTTP [PATH:tss00240 tss01232 tss01100]
M00046 Pyrimidine degradation, uracil => beta-alanine, thymine => 3-aminoisobutanoate [PATH:tss00240 tss00410 tss00770 tss01100]

Amino acid metabolism
Serine and threonine metabolism
M00020 Serine biosynthesis, glycerate-3P => serine [PATH:tss00260 tss01200 tss01230 tss01100]
M00018 Threonine biosynthesis, aspartate => homoserine => threonine [PATH:tss00260 tss01230 tss01100 tss01110]
M00621 Glycine cleavage system [PATH:tss00260 tss00630 tss01200 tss01100]
M00555 Betaine biosynthesis, choline => betaine [PATH:tss00260 tss01100]

Cysteine and methionine metabolism
M00021 Cysteine biosynthesis, serine => cysteine [PATH:tss00270 tss00920 tss01200 tss01230 tss01100 tss01110]
M00034 Methionine salvage pathway [PATH:tss00270 tss01100]
M00368 Ethylene biosynthesis, methionine => ethylene [PATH:tss00270 tss01100 tss01110]

Branched-chain amino acid metabolism
M00019 Valine/isoleucine biosynthesis, pyruvate => valine / 2-oxobutanoate => isoleucine [PATH:tss00290 tss00770 tss01210 tss01230 tss01100 tss01110]
M00570 Isoleucine biosynthesis, threonine => 2-oxobutanoate => isoleucine [PATH:tss00290 tss01230 tss01100]
M00432 Leucine biosynthesis, 2-oxoisovalerate => 2-oxoisocaproate [PATH:tss00290 tss01210 tss01230 tss01100 tss01110]
M00036 Leucine degradation, leucine => acetoacetate + acetyl-CoA [PATH:tss00280 tss01100]

Lysine metabolism
M00527 Lysine biosynthesis, DAP aminotransferase pathway, aspartate => lysine [PATH:tss00300 tss01230 tss01100 tss01110]

Arginine and proline metabolism
M00028 Ornithine biosynthesis, glutamate => ornithine [PATH:tss00220 tss01210 tss01230 tss01100]
M00844 Arginine biosynthesis, ornithine => arginine [PATH:tss00220 tss01230 tss01100]
M00015 Proline biosynthesis, glutamate => proline [PATH:tss00330 tss01230 tss01100]
M00970 Proline degradation, proline => glutamate [PATH:tss00330 tss01100]
M00972 Proline metabolism [PATH:tss00330]

Polyamine biosynthesis
M00134 Polyamine biosynthesis, arginine => ornithine => putrescine [PATH:tss00330 tss01100]

Histidine metabolism
M00026 Histidine biosynthesis, PRPP => histidine [PATH:tss00340 tss01230 tss01100 tss01110]

Aromatic amino acid metabolism
M00022 Shikimate pathway, phosphoenolpyruvate + erythrose-4P => chorismate [PATH:tss00400 tss01230 tss01100 tss01110]
M00023 Tryptophan biosynthesis, chorismate => tryptophan [PATH:tss00400 tss01230 tss01100 tss01110]
M00910 Phenylalanine biosynthesis, chorismate => arogenate => phenylalanine [PATH:tss00400 tss01230 tss01100 tss01110]
M00040 Tyrosine biosynthesis, chorismate => arogenate => tyrosine [PATH:tss00400 tss01230 tss01100 tss01110]
M00044 Tyrosine degradation, tyrosine => homogentisate [PATH:tss00350 tss01100]
M00936 Melatonin biosynthesis, plants, tryptophan => serotonin => melatonin [PATH:tss00380 tss01100 tss01110]

Other amino acid metabolism
M00027 GABA (gamma-Aminobutyrate) shunt [PATH:tss00250 tss00650 tss01100]
M00118 Glutathione biosynthesis, glutamate => glutathione [PATH:tss00480 tss01240 tss01100]

Glycan metabolism
Glycan biosynthesis
M00055 N-glycan precursor biosynthesis [PATH:tss00510 tss01100]
M00073 N-glycan precursor trimming [PATH:tss00510 tss01100]
M00065 GPI-anchor biosynthesis, core oligosaccharide [PATH:tss00563 tss01100]

Glycosaminoglycan metabolism
Lipopolysaccharide metabolism
Metabolism of cofactors and vitamins
Cofactor and vitamin metabolism
M00899 Thiamine salvage pathway, HMP/HET => TMP [PATH:tss00730 tss01100]
M00125 Riboflavin biosynthesis, plants and bacteria, GTP => riboflavin/FMN/FAD [PATH:tss00740 tss01240 tss01100 tss01110]
M00916 Pyridoxal-P biosynthesis, R5P + glyceraldehyde-3P + glutamine => pyridoxal-P [PATH:tss00750 tss01240 tss01100]
M00115 NAD biosynthesis, aspartate => quinolinate => NAD [PATH:tss00760 tss01240 tss01100]
M00123 Biotin biosynthesis, pimeloyl-ACP/CoA => biotin [PATH:tss00780 tss01240 tss01100]
M00881 Lipoic acid biosynthesis, plants and bacteria, octanoyl-ACP => dihydrolipoyl-E2/H [PATH:tss00785 tss01240 tss01100]
M00882 Lipoic acid biosynthesis, eukaryotes, octanoyl-ACP => dihydrolipoyl-H [PATH:tss00785 tss01240 tss01100]
M00126 Tetrahydrofolate biosynthesis, GTP => THF [PATH:tss00790 tss00670 tss01240 tss01100]
M00880 Molybdenum cofactor biosynthesis, GTP => molybdenum cofactor [PATH:tss00790 tss01240 tss01100]
M00121 Heme biosynthesis, plants and bacteria, glutamate => heme [PATH:tss00860 tss01240 tss01100 tss01110]
M00932 Phylloquinone biosynthesis, chorismate (+ phytyl-PP) => phylloquinol [PATH:tss00130 tss01240 tss01100 tss01110]
M00112 Tocopherol/tocotorienol biosynthesis, homogentisate + phytyl/geranylgeranyl-PP => tocopherol/tocotorienol [PATH:tss00130 tss01240 tss01100 tss01110]
M00933 Plastoquinone biosynthesis, homogentisate + solanesyl-PP => plastoquinol [PATH:tss00130 tss01240 tss01100 tss01110]

Biosynthesis of terpenoids and polyketides
Terpenoid backbone biosynthesis
M00095 C5 isoprenoid biosynthesis, mevalonate pathway [PATH:tss00900 tss01100 tss01110]
M00096 C5 isoprenoid biosynthesis, non-mevalonate pathway [PATH:tss00900 tss01100 tss01110]
M00366 C10-C20 isoprenoid biosynthesis, plants [PATH:tss00900 tss01100 tss01110]

Plant terpenoid biosynthesis
M00097 beta-Carotene biosynthesis, GGAP => beta-carotene [PATH:tss00906 tss01100 tss01110]
M00372 Abscisic acid biosynthesis, beta-carotene => abscisic acid [PATH:tss00906 tss01100 tss01110]
M00371 Castasterone biosynthesis, campesterol => castasterone [PATH:tss00905 tss01100 tss01110]
M00927 Gibberellin A12 biosynthesis, GAPP => GA12 [PATH:tss00904 tss01100 tss01110]
M00928 Gibberellin A4/A1 biosynthesis, GA12/GA53 => GA4/GA1 [PATH:tss00904 tss01100 tss01110]

Macrolide biosynthesis
Enediyne biosynthesis
Type II polyketide biosynthesis
Polyketide sugar unit biosynthesis
Biosynthesis of other secondary metabolites
Biosynthesis of phytochemical compounds
M00039 Monolignol biosynthesis, phenylalanine/tyrosine => monolignol [PATH:tss00940 tss01100 tss01110]
M00137 Flavanone biosynthesis, phenylalanine => naringenin [PATH:tss00940 tss00941 tss01100 tss01110]
M00138 Flavonoid biosynthesis, naringenin => pelargonidin [PATH:tss00941 tss01100 tss01110]

Biosynthesis of beta-lactams
Biosynthesis of other antibiotics
Biosynthesis of other fungal compounds
Biosynthesis of other bacterial compounds
Xenobiotics biodegradation
Aromatics degradation

Gene set
Pathogenicity
Drug resistance
Plant pathogenicity
Symbiosis
Module set
Metabolic capacity
M00611 Oxygenic photosynthesis in plants and cyanobacteria
M00615 Nitrate assimilation