KEGG Modules

Carbohydrate metabolism
Central carbohydrate metabolism
M00001 Glycolysis (Embden-Meyerhof pathway), glucose => pyruvate [PATH:xph00010 xph01200 xph01100]
M00002 Glycolysis, core module involving three-carbon compounds [PATH:xph00010 xph01200 xph01230 xph01100]
M00307 Pyruvate oxidation, pyruvate => acetyl-CoA [PATH:xph00010 xph00020 xph00620 xph00785 xph01200 xph01210 xph01100]
M00009 Citrate cycle (TCA cycle, Krebs cycle) [PATH:xph00020 xph01200 xph01100]
M00010 Citrate cycle, first carbon oxidation, oxaloacetate => 2-oxoglutarate [PATH:xph00020 xph01200 xph01210 xph01230 xph01100]
M00011 Citrate cycle, second carbon oxidation, 2-oxoglutarate => oxaloacetate [PATH:xph00020 xph01200 xph01210 xph01100]
M00004 Pentose phosphate pathway (Pentose phosphate cycle) [PATH:xph00030 xph01200 xph01100 xph01120]
M00006 Pentose phosphate pathway, oxidative phase, glucose 6P => ribulose 5P [PATH:xph00030 xph01200 xph01100 xph01120]
M00007 Pentose phosphate pathway, non-oxidative phase, fructose 6P => ribose 5P [PATH:xph00030 xph01200 xph01230 xph01100 xph01120]
M00005 PRPP biosynthesis, ribose 5P => PRPP [PATH:xph00030 xph00230 xph01200 xph01230 xph01100]
M00008 Entner-Doudoroff pathway, glucose-6P => glyceraldehyde-3P + pyruvate [PATH:xph00030 xph01200 xph01100 xph01120]

Other carbohydrate metabolism
M00061 D-Glucuronate degradation, D-glucuronate => pyruvate + D-glyceraldehyde 3P [PATH:xph00040 xph00030 xph01100]
M00552 D-galactonate degradation, De Ley-Doudoroff pathway, D-galactonate => glycerate-3P [PATH:xph00052 xph01100]
M00549 Nucleotide sugar biosynthesis, glucose => UDP-glucose [PATH:xph00520 xph01250 xph01100]
M00909 UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine biosynthesis, prokaryotes, glucose => UDP-GlcNAc [PATH:xph00520 xph01250 xph01100]
M00012 Glyoxylate cycle [PATH:xph00630 xph01200 xph01100 xph01110]

Energy metabolism
Carbon fixation
M00168 CAM (Crassulacean acid metabolism), dark [PATH:xph00620 xph01200 xph01100 xph01120]

Methane metabolism
Nitrogen metabolism
M00531 Assimilatory nitrate reduction, nitrate => ammonia [PATH:xph00910 xph01100 xph01120]

Sulfur metabolism
M00176 Assimilatory sulfate reduction, sulfate => H2S [PATH:xph00920 xph01100 xph01120]

Photosynthesis
ATP synthesis
M00144 NADH:quinone oxidoreductase, prokaryotes [PATH:xph00190 xph01100]
M00149 Succinate dehydrogenase, prokaryotes [PATH:xph00190 xph01100]
M00151 Cytochrome bc1 complex respiratory unit [PATH:xph00190 xph01100]
M00155 Cytochrome c oxidase, prokaryotes [PATH:xph00190 xph01100]
M00153 Cytochrome bd ubiquinol oxidase [PATH:xph00190]
M00417 Cytochrome o ubiquinol oxidase [PATH:xph00190 xph01100]
M00157 F-type ATPase, prokaryotes and chloroplasts [PATH:xph00190 xph01100]

Lipid metabolism
Fatty acid metabolism
M00082 Fatty acid biosynthesis, initiation [PATH:xph00061 xph01212 xph01100]
M00083 Fatty acid biosynthesis, elongation [PATH:xph00061 xph01212 xph01100]
M00086 beta-Oxidation, acyl-CoA synthesis [PATH:xph00061 xph00071 xph01212 xph01100]
M00087 beta-Oxidation [PATH:xph00071 xph01212 xph01100]

Sterol biosynthesis
Lipid metabolism
M00093 Phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) biosynthesis, PA => PS => PE [PATH:xph00564 xph01100]

Nucleotide metabolism
Purine metabolism
M00048 De novo purine biosynthesis, PRPP + glutamine => IMP [PATH:xph00230 xph01100]
M00049 Adenine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, IMP => ADP,ATP [PATH:xph00230 xph01232 xph01240 xph01100]
M00050 Guanine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, IMP => GDP,GTP [PATH:xph00230 xph01232 xph01100]
M00053 Deoxyribonucleotide biosynthesis, ADP/GDP/CDP/UDP => dATP/dGTP/dCTP/dUTP [PATH:xph00230 xph00240 xph01232 xph01100]
M00958 Adenine ribonucleotide degradation, AMP => Urate [PATH:xph00230 xph01232 xph01100]

Pyrimidine metabolism
M00052 Pyrimidine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, UMP => UDP/UTP,CDP/CTP [PATH:xph00240 xph01232 xph01240 xph01100]
M00938 Pyrimidine deoxyribonucleotide biosynthesis, UDP => dTTP [PATH:xph00240 xph01232 xph01100]

Amino acid metabolism
Serine and threonine metabolism
M00018 Threonine biosynthesis, aspartate => homoserine => threonine [PATH:xph00260 xph01230 xph01100 xph01110]
M00621 Glycine cleavage system [PATH:xph00260 xph00630 xph00785 xph01200 xph01100]
M00555 Betaine biosynthesis, choline => betaine [PATH:xph00260 xph01100]

Cysteine and methionine metabolism
M00338 Cysteine biosynthesis, homocysteine + serine => cysteine [PATH:xph00260 xph00270 xph01230 xph01100]
M00034 Methionine salvage pathway [PATH:xph00270 xph01100]

Branched-chain amino acid metabolism
M00019 Valine/isoleucine biosynthesis, pyruvate => valine / 2-oxobutanoate => isoleucine [PATH:xph00290 xph00770 xph01210 xph01230 xph01100 xph01110]
M00570 Isoleucine biosynthesis, threonine => 2-oxobutanoate => isoleucine [PATH:xph00290 xph01230 xph01100]
M00432 Leucine biosynthesis, 2-oxoisovalerate => 2-oxoisocaproate [PATH:xph00290 xph01210 xph01230 xph01100 xph01110]
M00036 Leucine degradation, leucine => acetoacetate + acetyl-CoA [PATH:xph00280 xph01100]

Lysine metabolism
M00016 Lysine biosynthesis, succinyl-DAP pathway, aspartate => lysine [PATH:xph00300 xph01230 xph01100]

Arginine and proline metabolism
M00028 Ornithine biosynthesis, glutamate => ornithine [PATH:xph00220 xph01210 xph01230 xph01100]
M00845 Arginine biosynthesis, glutamate => acetylcitrulline => arginine [PATH:xph00220 xph01230 xph01100]
M00015 Proline biosynthesis, glutamate => proline [PATH:xph00330 xph01230 xph01100]

Polyamine biosynthesis
Histidine metabolism
M00026 Histidine biosynthesis, PRPP => histidine [PATH:xph00340 xph01230 xph01100 xph01110]
M00045 Histidine degradation, histidine => N-formiminoglutamate => glutamate [PATH:xph00340 xph01100]

Aromatic amino acid metabolism
M00022 Shikimate pathway, phosphoenolpyruvate + erythrose-4P => chorismate [PATH:xph00400 xph01230 xph01100 xph01110]
M00023 Tryptophan biosynthesis, chorismate => tryptophan [PATH:xph00400 xph01230 xph01100 xph01110]
M00024 Phenylalanine biosynthesis, chorismate => phenylpyruvate => phenylalanine [PATH:xph00400 xph01230 xph01100 xph01110]
M00025 Tyrosine biosynthesis, chorismate => HPP => tyrosine [PATH:xph00400 xph01230 xph01100]
M00044 Tyrosine degradation, tyrosine => homogentisate [PATH:xph00350 xph01100]

Other amino acid metabolism
M00118 Glutathione biosynthesis, glutamate => glutathione [PATH:xph00480 xph01240 xph01100]
M00948 Hydroxyproline degradation, trans-4-hydroxy-L-proline => 2-oxoglutarate [PATH:xph00470 xph01100]

Glycan metabolism
Glycan biosynthesis
Glycosaminoglycan metabolism
Lipopolysaccharide metabolism
M00063 CMP-KDO biosynthesis [PATH:xph00540 xph01250 xph01100]

Metabolism of cofactors and vitamins
Cofactor and vitamin metabolism
M00125 Riboflavin biosynthesis, plants and bacteria, GTP => riboflavin/FMN/FAD [PATH:xph00740 xph01240 xph01100 xph01110]
M00119 Pantothenate biosynthesis, valine/L-aspartate => pantothenate [PATH:xph00770 xph01240 xph01100 xph01110]
M00120 Coenzyme A biosynthesis, pantothenate => CoA [PATH:xph00770 xph01240 xph01100]
M00123 Biotin biosynthesis, pimeloyl-ACP/CoA => biotin [PATH:xph00780 xph01240 xph01100]
M00881 Lipoic acid biosynthesis, plants and bacteria, octanoyl-ACP => dihydrolipoyl-E2/H [PATH:xph00785 xph01240 xph01100]
M00126 Tetrahydrofolate biosynthesis, GTP => THF [PATH:xph00790 xph00670 xph01240 xph01100]
M00880 Molybdenum cofactor biosynthesis, GTP => molybdenum cofactor [PATH:xph00790 xph01240 xph01100]
M00846 Siroheme biosynthesis, glutamyl-tRNA => siroheme [PATH:xph00860 xph01240 xph01100 xph01110]
M00121 Heme biosynthesis, plants and bacteria, glutamate => heme [PATH:xph00860 xph01240 xph01100 xph01110]
M00122 Cobalamin biosynthesis, cobyrinate a,c-diamide => cobalamin [PATH:xph00860 xph01240 xph01100]

Biosynthesis of terpenoids and polyketides
Terpenoid backbone biosynthesis
Plant terpenoid biosynthesis
Macrolide biosynthesis
Enediyne biosynthesis
Type II polyketide biosynthesis
Polyketide sugar unit biosynthesis
M00793 dTDP-L-rhamnose biosynthesis [PATH:xph00521 xph00523 xph00541 xph01250 xph01100 xph01110]

Biosynthesis of other secondary metabolites
Biosynthesis of phytochemical compounds
Biosynthesis of beta-lactams
Biosynthesis of other antibiotics
Biosynthesis of other fungal compounds
Biosynthesis of other bacterial compounds
Xenobiotics biodegradation
Aromatics degradation

Gene set
Pathogenicity
Drug resistance
M00627 beta-Lactam resistance, Bla system [PATH:xph01501]

Plant pathogenicity
M00660 Xanthomonas spp. pathogenicity signature, T3SS and effectors

Symbiosis
Module set
Metabolic capacity
M00615 Nitrate assimilation
M00616 Sulfate-sulfur assimilation