KEGG   ENZYME: 1.1.1.21Help
Entry
EC 1.1.1.21                 Enzyme                                 
Name
aldehyde reductase;
aldose reductase;
polyol dehydrogenase (NADP+);
ALR2;
alditol:NADP+ oxidoreductase;
alditol:NADP+ 1-oxidoreductase;
NADPH-aldopentose reductase;
NADPH-aldose reductase
Class
Oxidoreductases;
Acting on the CH-OH group of donors;
With NAD+ or NADP+ as acceptor
BRITE hierarchy
Sysname
alditol:NAD(P)+ 1-oxidoreductase
Reaction(IUBMB)
alditol + NAD(P)+ = aldose + NAD(P)H + H+ [RN:R02819 R02820]
Reaction(KEGG)
Substrate
alditol [CPD:C00717];
NAD+ [CPD:C00003];
NADP+ [CPD:C00006]
Product
aldose [CPD:C01370];
NADH [CPD:C00004];
NADPH [CPD:C00005];
H+ [CPD:C00080]
Comment
Has wide specificity.
Pathway
Pentose and glucuronate interconversions
Fructose and mannose metabolism
Galactose metabolism
Glycerolipid metabolism
Pyruvate metabolism
Metabolic pathways
Orthology
K00011  
aldehyde reductase
Genes
HSA: 
231(AKR1B1) 57016(AKR1B10)
PTR: 
463867(AKR1B10) 737737(AKR1B1)
PPS: 
100975756(AKR1B10) 100996067(AKR1B1)
GGO: 
PON: 
100444840(AKR1B1) 100445201(AKR1B10)
MCC: 
705957(AKR1B1) 706187(AKR1B10) 706406
MMU: 
11677(Akr1b3) 11997(Akr1b7) 14187(Akr1b8) 67861(Akr1b10)
RNO: 
116463(Akr1b7) 24192(Akr1b1) 286921(Akr1b8) 296972(Akr1b10)
CFA: 
607537(AKR1B1)
AML: 
FCA: 
101095406(AKR1B1)
BTA: 
317748(AKR1B1) 525193(AKR1B10)
SSC: 
396816(AKR1B1)
ECB: 
100065145
MDO: 
100021757
SHR: 
100923275(AKR1B1)
OAA: 
100075884 100080918
GGA: 
418169(AKR1B10) 418171(AKR1B1L) 425137
MGP: 
100545668
TGU: 
100231722
ACS: 
100564788
XLA: 
398904(akr1b1)
XTR: 
496546(akr1b1)
DRE: 
553452(zgc:153855)
TRU: 
101070998
OLA: 
101167259
BFO: 
BRAFLDRAFT_122465
CIN: 
100176226
SPU: 
576680 589385
DME: 
Dmel_CG10863 Dmel_CG12766 Dmel_CG6083 Dmel_CG6084 Dmel_CG9436
DPO: 
Dpse_GA10606 Dpse_GA19341 Dpse_GA19342 Dpse_GA21786
DAN: 
Dana_GF10249 Dana_GF13790 Dana_GF24530 Dana_GF24531
DER: 
Dere_GG10801 Dere_GG13903 Dere_GG13904 Dere_GG14235 Dere_GG14236
DPE: 
Dper_GL10976 Dper_GL16200 Dper_GL22807 Dper_GL22808
DSE: 
Dsec_GM14027 Dsec_GM14028 Dsec_GM24728 Dsec_GM24729
DSI: 
Dsim_GD10303 Dsim_GD12788 Dsim_GD12789 Dsim_GD13308 Dsim_GD13309
DWI: 
Dwil_GK14636 Dwil_GK16694 Dwil_GK17013 Dwil_GK17015 Dwil_GK22153
DYA: 
Dyak_GE20194 Dyak_GE20195 Dyak_GE20663 Dyak_GE20664 Dyak_GE24510
DGR: 
Dgri_GH15710 Dgri_GH16629 Dgri_GH16631 Dgri_GH20139
DMO: 
Dmoj_GI11588 Dmoj_GI11589 Dmoj_GI12765 Dmoj_GI20232
DVI: 
Dvir_GJ11266 Dvir_GJ11267 Dvir_GJ16106 Dvir_GJ20182
AGA: 
AgaP_AGAP011050 AgaP_AGAP011051
AAG: 
AaeL_AAEL004088 AaeL_AAEL004102
CQU: 
CpipJ_CPIJ003391 CpipJ_CPIJ003393
AME: 
551968
NVI: 
100120500(NV13782) 100120526(NV13783)
TCA: 
657943 658019 658097
API: 
100164695 100165768
PHU: 
Phum_PHUM282300 Phum_PHUM335220
ISC: 
IscW_ISCW002128
CEL: 
CELE_Y39G8B.1
CBR: 
CBG20740
BMY: 
Bm1_43535
SMM: 
Smp_053220.1
ATH: 
AT2G37790
SCE: 
YHR104W(GRE3)
EHI: 
EHI_029620(466.t00004)
EDI: 
EDI_135530
TET: 
TTHERM_00697540 TTHERM_01051730 TTHERM_01080350 TTHERM_01080360
TVA: 
TVAG_007830
PAT: 
Patl_2877
REH: 
H16_A3186(h16_A3186)
RPA: 
RPA3161(yafB) RPA4297
ABA: 
Acid345_2661
SUS: 
Acid_2860
 » show all
Taxonomy
Reference
1  [PMID:4216364]
  Authors
Attwood MA, Doughty CC.
  Title
Purification and properties of calf liver aldose reductase.
  Journal
Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 370 (1974) 358-68.
  Organism
Bos taurus [GN:bta]
Reference
2  [PMID:36151]
  Authors
Boghosian RA, McGuinness ET.
  Title
Affinity purification and properties of porcine brain aldose reductase.
  Journal
Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 567 (1979) 278-86.
  Organism
Sus scofa [GN:ssc]
Reference
3  [PMID:14401390]
  Authors
HERS HG.
  Title
[Aldose reductase.]
  Journal
Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 37 (1960) 120-6.
  Organism
Rattus norvegicus [GN:rno]
Reference
4  [PMID:4381350]
  Authors
Scher BM, Horecker BL.
  Title
Pentose metabolism in Candida. 3. The triphosphopyridine nucleotide-specific polyol dehydrogenase of Candida utilis.
  Journal
Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 116 (1966) 117-28.
  Organism
Candida utilis
Other DBs
ExplorEnz - The Enzyme Database: 
IUBMB Enzyme Nomenclature: 
ExPASy - ENZYME nomenclature database: 
BRENDA, the Enzyme Database: 
CAS: 
9028-31-3
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