| Entry |
|
|---|
| Name |
S-(hydroxymethyl)glutathione dehydrogenase;
NAD-linked formaldehyde dehydrogenase (incorrect);
formaldehyde dehydrogenase (incorrect);
formic dehydrogenase (incorrect);
class III alcohol dehydrogenase;
ADH3;
χ
-ADH;
FDH (incorrect);
formaldehyde dehydrogenase (glutathione) (incorrect);
GS-FDH (incorrect);
glutathione-dependent formaldehyde dehydrogenase (incorrect);
NAD-dependent formaldehyde dehydrogenase;
GD-FALDH;
NAD- and glutathione-dependent formaldehyde dehydrogenase |
|---|
| Class |
Oxidoreductases;
Acting on the CH-OH group of donors;
With NAD+ or NADP+ as acceptor
 |
|---|
| Sysname |
S-(hydroxymethyl)glutathione:NAD+ oxidoreductase |
|---|
| Reaction(IUBMB) |
S-(hydroxymethyl)glutathione + NAD(P)+ = S-formylglutathione +
NAD(P)H + H+ [RN:R06983 R07140] |
|---|
| Reaction(KEGG) |
R06983 R07140
 |
|---|
| Substrate |
S-(hydroxymethyl)glutathione [CPD:C14180];
NAD+ [CPD:C00003];
NADP+ [CPD:C00006] |
|---|
| Product |
S-formylglutathione [CPD:C01031];
NADH [CPD:C00004];
NADPH [CPD:C00005];
H+ [CPD:C00080] |
|---|
| Comment |
The substrate, S-(hydroxymethyl)glutathione, forms spontaneously
from glutathione and formaldehyde; its rate of formation is
increased in some bacteria by the presence of EC 4.4.1.22,
S-(hydroxymethyl)glutathione synthase. This enzyme forms part of the
pathway that detoxifies formaldehyde, since the product is
hydrolysed by EC 3.1.2.12, S-formylglutathione hydrolase. The human
enzyme belongs to the family of zinc-dependent alcohol
dehydrogenases. Also specifically reduces S-nitrosylglutathione. |
|---|
| Pathway |
PATH: ec00680 Methane metabolism |
|---|
| Orthology |
KO: K00121 S-(hydroxymethyl)glutathione dehydrogenase |
|---|
| Genes |
HSA: 128(ADH5)
PTR: 743928(ADH5)
MCC: 697703(ADH5) 707258(ADH5)
MMU: 11532(Adh5)
RNO: 100145871(Adh5)
CFA: 474946 609781
BTA: 505515(ADH5)
GGA: 422705(ADH5)
TGU: 100190137
XLA: 432021
XTR: 497007
DRE: 116517(adh5)
CIN: 445671(adh3)
SPU: 579220
DME: Dmel_CG6598(Fdh)
DPO: Dpse_GA19711
DAN: Dana_GF16175
DER: Dere_GG17256
DPE: Dper_GL12061
DSE: Dsec_GM26140
DSI: Dsim_GD20694
DYA: Dyak_GE24658
DGR: Dgri_GH18738
DMO: Dmoj_GI24655
AGA: AgaP_AGAP010499
AAG: AaeL_AAEL006458
CQU: CpipJ_CPIJ008783
AME: 409773
NVI: 100118368
TCA: 654905(Fdh)
API: 100164837
ISC: IscW_ISCW022174
BMY: Bm1_52445
SMM: Smp_044440
TAD: TRIADDRAFT_55892
ATH: AT1G22430 AT1G22440 AT5G42250 AT5G43940(HOT5)
POP: POPTR_645542(GSH-FDH1) POPTR_815974
RCU: RCOM_0996200 RCOM_1600190
VVI: 100245520(GSVIVT00015186001) 100258412 100264420
OSA: 4331130(Os02g0815500)
SBI: SORBI_01g044580(SORBIDRAFT_01g044580)
SORBI_04g037050(SORBIDRAFT_04g037050)
ZMA: 100193894 542459(fdh1)
PPP: PHYPADRAFT_137950 PHYPADRAFT_183406
CRE: CHLREDRAFT_129874(FDH1)
OLU: OSTLU_27414(ADHX)
CME: CMS125C
SCE: YDL168W(SFA1)
AGO: AGOS_ACL148C
KLA: KLLA0D12342g
LTH: KLTH0H01254g
DHA: DEHA0G06457g
PIC: PICST_29252(FDH1)
PPA: PAS_chr3_1028
VPO: Kpol_530p31
LEL: LELG_05277
ZRO: ZYRO0F11704g
CTP: CTRG_05836
CDU: CD36_35225(FDH1)
CGR: CAGL0L01111g
YLI: YALI0F09603g
SPO: SPBC1539.07c
NCR: NCU06652
PAN: PODANSg8007
MGR: MGG_02886 MGG_06011
FGR: FG10200.1
ANI: AN7632.2
AFM: AFUA_2G00170 AFUA_2G01040
AOR: AO090701000373
ANG: An10g00510
AFV: AFLA_058310
PCS: Pc22g25070
NFI: NFIA_033340
CIM: CIMG_00198
URE: UREG_00297
SSL: SS1G_10135
CNE: CNM01690
CNB: CNBM1570
LBC: LACBIDRAFT_292173
UMA: UM06244.1
MGL: MGL_0044
MBR: MONBRDRAFT_20739 MONBRDRAFT_32407
DDI: DDB_0238276
TGO: TGME49_111780
TET: TTHERM_00295700
ECO: b0356(frmA)
ECJ: JW0347(frmA)
ECD: ECDH10B_0311(frmA)
EBW: BWG_0245(frmA)
ECE: Z0456(adhC)
ECS: ECs0411
ECF: ECH74115_0431(adhC)
ETW: ECSP_0420(frmA)
ECG: E2348C_0303(frmA)
ECC: c0465(adhC)
ECI: UTI89_C0376(adhC)
ECP: ECP_0421
ECV: APECO1_1645(adhC)
ECW: EcE24377A_0381
ECX: EcHS_A0421(adhC)
ECM: EcSMS35_0387(adhC)
ECY: ECSE_0381
ECL: EcolC_3269
ECK: EC55989_0365(frmA)
ECQ: ECED1_0384(frmA)
ECR: ECIAI1_0357(frmA)
ECT: ECIAI39_0322(frmA)
ECZ: ECS88_0356(frmA)
EUM: ECUMN_0399(frmA)
ELF: LF82_0737(frmA)
EBL: B21_00314(frmA)
EBD: ECBD_3301
EBR: ECB_00310(frmA)
EOH: ECO103_0338(frmA)
EOI: ECO111_0392(frmA)
EOJ: ECO26_0392(frmA)
EFE: EFER_1582(frmA)
SPQ: SPAB_01652
SEI: SPC_2108
SEC: SC1622(adh3)
SEH: SeHA_C1805
SEE: SNSL254_A1741
SEW: SeSA_A1746
SEA: SeAg_B1530
SED: SeD_A1715
SEG: SG1492
SET: SEN1425
SES: SARI_01356
STM: STM1627
YPE: YPO1502
YPK: y2667(adhC)
YPM: YP_1392(adhC)
YPA: YPA_0797
YPN: YPN_2477
YPG: YpAngola_A3011
YPP: YPDSF_1475
YPS: YPTB1517
YPI: YpsIP31758_2473
YPY: YPK_2571
YPB: YPTS_1627
YEN: YE2821
SSN: SSON_0335(adhC)
SBC: SbBS512_E0271(adhC)
ECA: ECA2714(adhC)
PCT: PC1_1667
PWA: Pecwa_1938
ETA: ETA_12850(adhC)
PLU: plu4332(adhC)
PAY: PAU_03905(adhC)
ENT: Ent638_1960
ESA: ESA_01709
CTU: Ctu_22450(frmA)
KPN: KPN_01952
KPE: KPK_2397(adhC)
KPU: KP1_3020
CKO: CKO_01455
SPE: Spro_1557
PMR: PMI0450(adhC)
DDA: Dd703_2311
DDC: Dd586_2347
DZE: Dd1591_2411
HIN: HI0185(adhC)
HIP: CGSHiEE_02335
HIQ: CGSHiGG_03525
MSU: MS1386(adhC)
APL: APL_1208(adhC)
APJ: APJL_1221(adh1)
APA: APP7_1259
ASU: Asuc_0067
AAT: D11S_0481
XCC: XCC3389 XCC3475(adhC)
XCB: XC_0686 XC_0775
XCA: xccb100_0720(adh) xccb100_0810
XCV: XCV0713 XCV0788
XAC: XAC0652(adhC) XAC0734
XOO: XOO3867
XOM: XOO_3647
XOP: PXO_04416
SML: Smlt3978(adhC)
SMT: Smal_3387
VVU: VV1_0344
VVY: VV0841
VPA: VPA0071
VHA: VIBHAR_06925
VSP: VS_II1327
VEX: VEA_000929
VFI: VF_0645(frmA) VF_0648
VFM: VFMJ11_0659 VFMJ11_0663
VSA: VSAL_I0746(adhC)
PPR: PBPRA0784 PBPRA1480
PAE: PA3629(adhC)
PAU: PA14_17400(adhC)
PAP: PSPA7_1510
PAG: PLES_14061(adhC)
PPU: PP_1616
PPF: Pput_4161
PPG: PputGB1_1170
PPW: PputW619_4059
PST: PSPTO_1558(adhC) PSPTO_1875(fdh)
PSB: Psyr_1367 Psyr_2956
PSP: PSPPH_3816(adhC)
PFL: PFL_1200
PFO: Pfl01_1125
PFS: PFLU1295(adhC)
PEN: PSEEN2613(adhC-1) PSEEN4196(adhC-2)
PMY: Pmen_3028
PSA: PST_1563(adhC)
CJA: CJA_3340(adhC)
AVN: Avin_38750
PAR: Psyc_1671(adhC)
PCR: Pcryo_1939
PRW: PsycPRwf_1032
ACI: ACIAD1879(adhC)
ABY: ABAYE1861(frmA) p3ABAYE0024(adhC)
ABC: ACICU_01808
ABN: AB57_2002
ABB: ABBFA_001721
SON: SO_2054(adhC) SO_A0161
SDN: Sden_3767
SFR: Sfri_4059
SAZ: Sama_0004
SBL: Sbal_2419
SBM: Shew185_2408
SBN: Sbal195_2526
SBP: Sbal223_1940
SLO: Shew_1540
SPC: Sputcn32_2174
SSE: Ssed_4227
SPL: Spea_0269
SHE: Shewmr4_1786
SHM: Shewmr7_2191
SHN: Shewana3_1837
SHW: Sputw3181_1835
SHL: Shal_4033
SWD: Swoo_0375
SWP: swp_2093
ILO: IL1773(adhC)
CPS: CPS_0817
PHA: PSHAa1386(adhC) PSHAa2213(adhC)
PAT: Patl_1438
MAQ: Maqu_0321 Maqu_2251
AMC: MADE_03331
PIN: Ping_3530
TTU: TERTU_0454
FTU: FTT_0883
FTM: FTM_0472
FPH: Fphi_0427
HCH: HCH_01446(adhC)
ABO: ABO_0117(adhC)
MMW: Mmwyl1_3680
ASA: ASA_4180(adhC)
TAU: Tola_2876
AFE: Lferr_0845
AFR: AFE_0697
KKO: Kkor_2048
NMA: NMA1518
NME: NMB1304
NMC: NMC1241(adhC)
NMN: NMCC_1217(adhC)
NMI: NMO_1145(adhC)
NGK: NGK_1317
CVI: CV_0740(adhC) CV_3945
LHK: LHK_02379(fdhG)
RSO: RSc0605(adhC2) RSp0069(adhC1)
RPI: Rpic_0535
RPF: Rpic12D_0522
REU: Reut_B4000 Reut_B4833 Reut_B5201
REH: H16_B1195(adhC) H16_B2470
RME: Rmet_0545 Rmet_4784
CTI: RALTA_B1113(adhC) RALTA_B2189
BMA: BMA0324
BMV: BMASAVP1_A0622
BML: BMA10229_A2456
BMN: BMA10247_0070
BPS: BPSL0820(flhA) BPSS2235
BPM: BURPS1710b_A1366
BPL: BURPS1106A_0866
BPD: BURPS668_0862 BURPS668_A2916
BPR: GBP346_A0790
BTE: BTH_I0686
BVI: Bcep1808_6458
BUR: Bcep18194_A5935
BCM: Bcenmc03_2628
BCJ: BCAL2817(flhA)
BAC: BamMC406_6016
BMU: Bmul_0693 Bmul_5633
BMJ: BMULJ_02567(adhC) BMULJ_05877(adhC)
BPH: Bphy_0483
BPY: Bphyt_0108 Bphyt_3253 Bphyt_5114
BGL: bglu_1g29580
BPE: BP3751(adhI)
BPA: BPP4251(adhI)
BBR: BB4838(adhI)
BPT: Bpet0155
BAV: BAV3289(adhC)
RFR: Rfer_0121
POL: Bpro_3129
PNA: Pnap_1230
AAV: Aave_2195
DAC: Daci_2414
DIA: Dtpsy_2290
VAP: Vapar_1703
CTT: CtCNB1_3405
HAR: HEAR1070 HEAR2039
MMS: mma_0221(adhC)
LCH: Lcho_3255
NEU: NE0907(adhC1)
NET: Neut_1385
EBA: ebA1699(fdh) ebA5713(fdhG)
AZO: azo3623(adhC)
TMZ: Tmz1t_0608
APP: CAP2UW1_1902
BBA: Bd0898(adhC)
MXA: MXAN_7094
SCL: sce2769(adh2)
HOH: Hoch_5737
MLO: mlr0872
MES: Meso_2671 Meso_3683
PLA: Plav_2451 Plav_3009
SME: SM_b20170(fdh) SMc01270(adhC1)
SMD: Smed_1024 Smed_3946
ATU: Atu1670(adhC)
ATC: AGR_C_3072
ARA: Arad_2510
AVI: Avi_2506(adhC)
RET: RHE_CH02227(adhCch) RHE_PF00402(adhCf)
REC: RHECIAT_CH0002337(adhCch) RHECIAT_PC0000584(adhCc)
RLE: pRL120524(adhI)
RLT: Rleg2_1875 Rleg2_4957
RLG: Rleg_4830
RHI: NGR_b14640(adhC2) NGR_b16470(adhC3) NGR_b23560(adhC4)
NGR_c12280(adhC6) NGR_c20470(adhC5)
BMC: BAbS19_I01220
BCS: BCAN_A0133
BMR: BMI_I133
OAN: Oant_0144
BJA: bll7898 blr6215(adhC)
BRA: BRADO0921(adh) BRADO1941(fdh) BRADO5486(adhC)
BBT: BBta_2247(fdh) BBta_5970(adhC) BBta_7131(adh)
RPA: RPA1955
RPB: RPB_3418
RPD: RPD_2034
RPE: RPE_4678
RPT: Rpal_2166 Rpal_4444
NWI: Nwi_1739
OCA: OCAR_5733 OCAR_6856
AZC: AZC_0105
BID: Bind_2495
CCR: CC_2516 CC_3029
CCS: CCNA_02601 CCNA_03124
CAK: Caul_0743 Caul_3517
PZU: PHZ_c0845(adhI) PHZ_c2025
SIL: SPO3850 SPOA0272
SIT: TM1040_0536
RSP: RSP_2576(adhI) RSP_3104(fdh)
RSH: Rsph17029_1234 Rsph17029_3833
RSQ: Rsph17025_1947 Rsph17025_3663
RSK: RSKD131_0888
RDE: RD1_0887(flhA) RD1_3806(flhA)
PDE: Pden_0016
DSH: Dshi_0103(adhI)
HNE: HNE_0560
HBA: Hbal_2865
ZMO: ZMO1722
ZMN: Za10_1498
NAR: Saro_0874
SWI: Swit_1179 Swit_1980
GOX: GOX2018
ACR: Acry_2794
GDI: GDI_1852(frmA)
GDJ: Gdia_0079
APT: APA01_12700
RRU: Rru_A3405
RCE: RC1_0269(adhC)
BSU: BSU26970(adhB)
BHA: BH1829(adhB)
BAN: BA3131(adhB)
BAR: GBAA3131(adhB)
BAA: BA_3633
BAT: BAS2912
BAH: BAMEG_1479
BAI: BAA_3180
BCE: BC3092
BCA: BCE_3145(adhB)
BCZ: BCZK2838(adhB)
BCR: BCAH187_A3155 BCAH187_C0241
BCB: BCB4264_A3114
BCU: BCAH820_3133 BCAH820_B0169
BCG: BCG9842_B2124
BCQ: BCQ_2941(adhB) BCQ_PI181
BCX: BCA_3189
BTK: BT9727_2881(adhB)
BTL: BALH_2794
BLI: BL02473(adhB)
BLD: BLi03831(adhB)
BCL: ABC3413 ABC3428(adhB)
BAY: RBAM_003560 RBAM_005890(adhB)
BPU: BPUM_0237(adhB)
GKA: GK0938 GK2774
GYM: GYMC10_4710
GYC: GYMC61_0742
AFL: Aflv_1185(gutB)
SSP: SSP1623
ESI: Exig_2206
MCL: MCCL_1471(adhC)
BBE: BBR47_08010(adhB)
SMU: SMU.119(adh)
CAC: CAC3375
DSY: DSY3044
DHD: Dhaf_4212
MTU: Rv0761c(adhB)
MTC: MT0786
MRA: MRA_0771(adhB)
MTF: TBFG_10776 TBFG_13103
MTB: TBMG_00776(TBMG_00776.1) TBMG_00881(TBMG_00881.1)
MBO: Mb0784c(adhB)
MBB: BCG_0813c(adhB)
MBT: JTY_0783(adhB) JTY_3106(adhD)
MPA: MAP0595c(adhB)
MAV: MAV_0705 MAV_1943 MAV_2646 MAV_4101 MAV_5214
MSM: MSMEG_0217 MSMEG_0671 MSMEG_3388 MSMEG_5866 MSMEG_6616
MUL: MUL_0470(adhB)
MAB: MAB_4560
MMI: MMAR_0127(adhD_1) MMAR_3150 MMAR_4935(adhB)
NFA: nfa12770 nfa16040 nfa20970
RHA: RHA1_ro02832
RER: RER_18210 RER_36780
ROP: ROP_01120 ROP_09280 ROP_22230 ROP_25560 ROP_30230 ROP_71160
GBR: Gbro_3128 Gbro_3823
SGR: SGR_3049 SGR_5208
AAU: AAur_pTC10058
KSE: Ksed_25570
TFU: Tfu_1270
TCU: Tcur_4959
SRO: Sros_1978 Sros_8254
FRA: Francci3_1449
FRE: Franean1_6841
FAL: FRAAL3376(adhC) FRAAL5467 FRAAL6444(fdh)
KRA: Krad_2224
SAQ: Sare_2799
CAI: Caci_5895 Caci_8750
RBA: RB10733(fdh)
SYN: sll0990
SYC: syc1059_d
SYF: Synpcc7942_0459
SYX: SynWH7803_0877(adhC)
SYP: SYNPCC7002_A0868
MAR: MAE_21280
CYT: cce_1588
CYP: PCC8801_3587
CYC: PCC7424_3972
CYN: Cyan7425_4034
CYH: Cyan8802_2527
GVI: gll0735 glr4425
ANA: all2810 alr0897
NPU: Npun_R1946
AVA: Ava_1089 Ava_4500
PMB: A9601_14521(adhC)
TER: Tery_2840
AMR: AM1_2463
TRO: trd_0767 trd_A0843
SSO: SSO0472(adh-1)
STO: ST2056
SAI: Saci_2145(adh)
SIS: LS215_1759
SIA: M1425_1632
SIM: M1627_1747
SID: M164_1679
SIY: YG5714_1723
SIN: YN1551_1180
MSE: Msed_1424
PIS: Pisl_0251
PCL: Pcal_1391
TNE: Tneu_0419
 |
|---|
| Structures |
PDB: 2FZE 2FZW |
|---|
Reference
Authors
Title
Journal
|
1
Jakoby, W.B.
Aldehyde dehydrogenases.
In: Boyer, P.D., Lardy, H. and Myrback, K. (Eds.), The Enzymes, 2nd
ed., vol. 7, Academic Press, New York, 1963, p. 203-221. |
|---|
Reference
Authors
Title
Journal
|
2
Rose, Z.B. and Racker, E.
Formaldehyde dehydrogenase.
Methods Enzymol. 9 (1966) 357-360. |
|---|
Reference
Authors
Title
Journal
Organism
|
3 [PMID:11260719]
Liu L, Hausladen A, Zeng M, Que L, Heitman J, Stamler JS.
A metabolic enzyme for S-nitrosothiol conserved from bacteria to
humans.
Nature. 410 (2001) 490-4.
Mus musculus [GN:mmu], Saccharomyces cerevisiae [GN:sce] |
|---|
Reference
Authors
Title
Journal
Organism
|
4 [PMID:10978156]
Sanghani PC, Stone CL, Ray BD, Pindel EV, Hurley TD, Bosron WF.
Kinetic mechanism of human glutathione-dependent formaldehyde
dehydrogenase.
Biochemistry. 39 (2000) 10720-9.
Homo sapiens [GN:hsa] |
|---|
Reference
Authors
Title
Journal
|
5
van Ophem, P.W. and Duine, J.A.
NAD- and co-substrate (GSH or factor)-dependent formaldehyde
dehydrogenases from methylotrophic microorganisms act as a class III
alcohol dehydrogenase.
FEMS Microbiol. Lett. 116 (1994) 87-94. |
|---|
Reference
Authors
Title
Journal
Organism
|
6 [PMID:7798140]
Ras J, Van Ophem PW, Reijnders WN, Van Spanning RJ, Duine JA,
Stouthamer AH, Harms N.
Isolation, sequencing, and mutagenesis of the gene encoding NAD- and
glutathione-dependent formaldehyde dehydrogenase (GD-FALDH) from
Paracoccus denitrificans, in which GD-FALDH is essential for
methylotrophic growth.
J. Bacteriol. 177 (1995) 247-51.
Paracoccus denitrificans [GN:pde] |
|---|
Reference
Authors
Title
Journal
Organism
|
7 [PMID:8631716]
Barber RD, Rott MA, Donohue TJ.
Characterization of a glutathione-dependent formaldehyde
dehydrogenase from Rhodobacter sphaeroides.
J. Bacteriol. 178 (1996) 1386-93.
Rhodobacter sphaeroides |
|---|
| Other DBs |
ExplorEnz - The Enzyme Database: 1.1.1.284
IUBMB Enzyme Nomenclature: 1.1.1.284
ExPASy - ENZYME nomenclature database: 1.1.1.284
UM-BBD (Biocatalysis/Biodegradation Database): 1.1.1.284
BRENDA, the Enzyme Database: 1.1.1.284 |
|---|
