| Entry |
|
|---|
| Name |
nitrogenase |
|---|
| Class |
Oxidoreductases;
Acting on iron-sulfur proteins as donors;
With dinitrogen as acceptor
 |
|---|
| Sysname |
reduced ferredoxin:dinitrogen oxidoreductase (ATP-hydrolysing) |
|---|
| Reaction(IUBMB) |
8 reduced ferredoxin + 8 H+ + N2 + 16 ATP + 16 H2O = 8 oxidized
ferredoxin + H2 + 2 NH3 + 16 ADP + 16 phosphate [RN:R05185] |
|---|
| Reaction(KEGG) |
R05185;
(other) R00002 R00067 R00153 R02802 R04782 R05496
 |
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| Substrate |
reduced ferredoxin [CPD:C00138];
H+ [CPD:C00080];
N2 [CPD:C00697];
ATP [CPD:C00002];
H2O [CPD:C00001] |
|---|
| Product |
oxidized ferredoxin [CPD:C00139];
H2 [CPD:C00282];
NH3 [CPD:C00014];
ADP [CPD:C00008];
phosphate [CPD:C00009] |
|---|
| Cofactor |
Molybdenum [CPD:C00150];
Iron-sulfur [CPD:C00824];
(R)-2-Hydroxybutane-1,2,4-tricarboxylate [CPD:C01251];
Vanadium [CPD:C06267] |
|---|
| Inhibitor |
Oxygen [CPD:C00007] |
|---|
| Comment |
Requires Mg2+. It is composed of two proteins that can be separated
but are both required for nitrogenase activity. Dinitrogen reductase
is a [4Fe-4S] protein, which, with two molecules of ATP and
ferredoxin, generates an electron. The electron is transferred to
the other protein, dinitrogenase (molybdoferredoxin). Dinitrogenase
is a molybdenum-iron protein that reduces dinitrogen in three
succesive two-electron reductions from nitrogen to diimine to
hydrazine to two molecules of ammonia. The molybdenum may be
replaced by vanadium or iron. The reduction is initiated by
formation of hydrogen in stoichiometric amounts [2]. Acetylene is
reduced to ethylene (but only very slowly to ethane), azide to
nitrogen and ammonia, and cyanide to methane and ammonia. In the
absence of a suitable substrate, hydrogen is slowly formed.
Ferredoxin may be replaced by flavodoxin [see EC 1.19.6.1
nitrogenase (flavodoxin)]. |
|---|
| Pathway |
PATH: ec00625 Tetrachloroethene degradation
PATH: ec00910 Nitrogen metabolism
PATH: ec01100 Metabolic pathways |
|---|
| Orthology |
KO: K00531 nitrogenase
KO: K02586 nitrogenase molybdenum-iron protein alpha chain
KO: K02588 nitrogenase iron protein NifH
KO: K02591 nitrogenase molybdenum-iron protein beta chain
KO: K11333 chlorophyllide reductase iron protein subunit X |
|---|
| Genes |
ECA: ECA2954(nifK) ECA2955(nifD) ECA2956(nifH)
KPE: KPK_1712(nifK) KPK_1713(nifD) KPK_1714(nifH)
DDA: Dd703_0491 Dd703_0492 Dd703_0493 Dd703_2610 Dd703_2611
Dd703_2613
PSA: PST_1326(nifH) PST_1327(nifD) PST_1328(nifK)
AVN: Avin_01380(nifH) Avin_01390(nifD) Avin_01400(nifK)
Avin_02590(vnfK) Avin_02610(vnfD) Avin_02660(vnfH)
Avin_48970(anfK) Avin_48990(anfD) Avin_49000(anfH)
TTU: TERTU_1537(nifH) TERTU_1538(nifD) TERTU_1539(nifK)
MCA: MCA0229(nifH) MCA0230(nifD) MCA0231(nifK)
HHA: Hhal_0272 Hhal_0273 Hhal_0274 Hhal_1610
TAU: Tola_0650 Tola_0651 Tola_0652
AFE: Lferr_1238 Lferr_1239 Lferr_1240(nifH)
AFR: AFE_1520(nifK) AFE_1521(nifD) AFE_1522(nifH)
CTI: pRALTA_0390(nifH) pRALTA_0391(nifD) pRALTA_0392(nifK)
BVI: Bcep1808_6015(nifH) Bcep1808_6016 Bcep1808_6017
BXE: Bxe_B1465(nifH) Bxe_B1466(nifD) Bxe_B1467(nifK)
BPH: Bphy_7753(nifH) Bphy_7754 Bphy_7755
PNA: Pnap_2343 Pnap_2344 Pnap_2345(nifH)
LCH: Lcho_1430(nifH) Lcho_1431 Lcho_1432
AZO: azo0538(nifH) azo0539(nifD) azo0540(nifK)
DAR: Daro_1413 Daro_1414 Daro_1415
APP: CAP2UW1_4447 CAP2UW1_4448 CAP2UW1_4449
WSU: WS1391(nifK) WS1392(nifD) WS1394(nifH)
GSU: GSU2819(nifK) GSU2820(nifD) GSU2821(nifH)
GME: Gmet_0662 Gmet_0663 Gmet_0664
GUR: Gura_1175 Gura_1176 Gura_1177 Gura_3889
GLO: Glov_0648 Glov_0649 Glov_0650 Glov_1218
GBM: Gbem_1731 Gbem_2074 Gbem_2075 Gbem_2076
GEO: Geob_2458 Geob_2460 Geob_2461 Geob_2467 Geob_2491 Geob_2501
Geob_2539 Geob_2540 Geob_2574 Geob_2575 Geob_2577
GEM: GM21_2143 GM21_2144 GM21_2145
PCA: Pcar_2098(nifH) Pcar_2099(nifD) Pcar_2100(nifK)
PPD: Ppro_3467 Ppro_3468 Ppro_3469
DVU: DVUA0011(nifK) DVUA0012(nifD) DVUA0015(nifH)
DVL: Dvul_3090(nifH) Dvul_3093 Dvul_3094
DVM: DvMF_2613(nifH) DvMF_2616 DvMF_2617
DMA: DMR_20520(nifK) DMR_20530(nifD) DMR_20560(nifH)
DSA: Desal_0443 Desal_0444 Desal_0447
DBA: Dbac_0834 Dbac_0837 Dbac_0838
DAL: Dalk_1518 Dalk_1519 Dalk_1522(nifH)
DAT: HRM2_09670(nifH2) HRM2_09700(nifD2) HRM2_09710(nifK1)
AFW: Anae109_3028 Anae109_3029 Anae109_3030
ANK: AnaeK_3203 AnaeK_3204 AnaeK_3205
SFU: Sfum_1015 Sfum_1016 Sfum_1019(nifH)
MLO: mlr5905(nifH) mlr5906 mlr5907
SME: SMa0825(nifH) SMa0827(nifD) SMa0829(nifK)
SMD: Smed_6223 Smed_6224 Smed_6225(nifH)
RET: RHE_PD00200(nifK2) RHE_PD00201(nifD3) RHE_PD00202(nifH)
RHE_PD00260(nifH) RHE_PD00306(nifK1) RHE_PD00307(nifD1)
RHE_PD00308(nifH)
REC: RHECIAT_PB0000254(nifK1) RHECIAT_PB0000255(nifD1)
RHECIAT_PB0000256(nifH)
RLE: pRL100160(nifK) pRL100161(nifD) pRL100162(nifH)
RLT: Rleg2_5052(nifH) Rleg2_5053 Rleg2_5054
RLG: Rleg_4930 Rleg_4931 Rleg_4932
RHI: NGR_a00870(nifK2) NGR_a00880(nifD2) NGR_a00890(nifH)
BJA: blr1743(nifD) blr1744(nifK) blr1769(nifH)
BRA: BRADO1618(bchX) BRADO5394(nifH) BRADO5438(nifK) BRADO5439(nifD)
BRADO5440(nifH)
BBT: BBta_5879(nifH) BBta_5923(nifK) BBta_5924(nifD) BBta_5925(nifH)
BBta_6437(bchX)
RPA: RPA1376(nifH) RPA1378(vnfD) RPA1380(vnfK) RPA1435(anfK)
RPA1437(anfD) RPA1438(nifH) RPA1522(bchX) RPA2348
RPA2353(nifH1) RPA2363(nifD1) RPA2615(nifH2) RPA2617
RPA2635(nifH3) RPA2636(nifD2) RPA4618(nifK) RPA4619(nifD)
RPA4620(nifH)
RPB: RPB_0969(nifH) RPB_0970 RPB_0971 RPB_4001
RPC: RPC_1293 RPC_4461 RPC_4462 RPC_4463(nifH) RPC_4681 RPC_4682
RPC_4683 RPC_4684(nifH)
RPD: RPD_1073(nifH) RPD_1074 RPD_1075 RPD_3756
RPE: RPE_1327 RPE_3188 RPE_3190 RPE_3881 RPE_3882 RPE_3883
RPE_3884(nifH) RPE_4531 RPE_4532 RPE_4533(nifH)
RPT: Rpal_1620 Rpal_1622 Rpal_1623(nifH) Rpal_1710 Rpal_2591
Rpal_2592 Rpal_2597 Rpal_2607 Rpal_2886 Rpal_2888 Rpal_2907
Rpal_2908 Rpal_2909 Rpal_5099 Rpal_5100 Rpal_5101(nifH)
XAU: Xaut_0088(nifH) Xaut_0089 Xaut_0090
AZC: AZC_1039 AZC_1040 AZC_1041
MEX: Mext_2730
MEA: Mex_1p2927(bchX)
MDI: METDI3496(bchX)
MRD: Mrad2831_2818
MET: M446_3534(nifH) M446_3535 M446_3536 M446_3697
MPO: Mpop_2852
MCH: Mchl_2957
MNO: Mnod_3994 Mnod_3995 Mnod_3996
BID: Bind_0473(nifH) Bind_0474 Bind_0475
MSL: Msil_2052 Msil_3630 Msil_3631 Msil_3632(nifH)
RSP: RSP_0262(bchX) RSP_0539(nifK) RSP_0540(nifD) RSP_0541(nifH)
RSH: Rsph17029_1906 Rsph17029_2190 Rsph17029_2191
Rsph17029_2192(nifH)
RSQ: Rsph17025_0772 Rsph17025_0774 Rsph17025_1246(nifH)
Rsph17025_1247 Rsph17025_1248 Rsph17025_2036
RSK: RSKD131_1589 RSKD131_1874 RSKD131_1875 RSKD131_1876
RSKD131_3889 RSKD131_3891 RSKD131_3892
JAN: Jann_0179
RDE: RD1_0111(bchX)
DSH: Dshi_3517(bchX)
ZMO: ZMO1823 ZMO1824 ZMO1825
ZMN: Za10_1410 Za10_1411 Za10_1412
GDI: GDI_0436(nifH) GDI_0437(nifD) GDI_0438(nifK)
GDJ: Gdia_1568 Gdia_1569 Gdia_1570(nifH)
RRU: Rru_A0772 Rru_A0773 Rru_A0793 Rru_A0794 Rru_A0795
Rru_A1010(nifH) Rru_A1011 Rru_A1012 Rru_A1392 Rru_A1393
Rru_A1394 Rru_A1395(nifH) Rru_A2980
RCE: RC1_2094(bchX) RC1_3681(nifK) RC1_3682(nifD) RC1_3683(nifH)
MAG: amb1572 amb1573 amb1574(nifH)
MGM: Mmc1_1200 Mmc1_1201 Mmc1_1202
CAC: CAC0253(nifH) CAC0256(nifD) CAC0257(nifK)
CTH: Cthe_1565 Cthe_1566 Cthe_1573
CBO: CBO0690(nifH)
CBA: CLB_0729(nifH)
CBH: CLC_0744(nifH)
CBY: CLM_0807(nifH)
CBL: CLK_0091(nifH)
CBB: CLD_0076(nifH)
CBI: CLJ_B0762(nifH)
CBF: CLI_0759(nifH)
CBE: Cbei_0612 Cbei_0613 Cbei_0620 Cbei_0621 Cbei_0623 Cbei_0631
Cbei_0632 Cbei_1999 Cbei_2002 Cbei_2003
CKL: CKL_0370(anfD) CKL_0371(anfG) CKL_0372(anfK) CKL_0825(nifD1)
CKL_0826(nifK1) CKL_1033(nifH1) CKL_1045(nifH2) CKL_1745(vnfK)
CKL_1747(vnfD) CKL_1748(nifH) CKL_2461(nifH3) CKL_3077(nifK7)
CKL_3078(nifD10) CKL_3081(nifH4)
CKR: CKR_0320 CKR_0322 CKR_0741 CKR_0742 CKR_0937 CKR_0946 CKR_0947
CKR_0949 CKR_0952 CKR_1618 CKR_1620 CKR_1621 CKR_2175 CKR_2722
CKR_2723 CKR_2726
CCE: Ccel_1616
AMT: Amet_3520 Amet_3521 Amet_3524
AOE: Clos_0309
SWO: Swol_0408
DSY: DSY3569 DSY4009 DSY4010 DSY4011 DSY4269 DSY4270 DSY4271(nifH)
DHD: Dhaf_1049 Dhaf_1050 Dhaf_1051 Dhaf_1353 Dhaf_1354 Dhaf_1355
Dhaf_1815
DRM: Dred_2817 Dred_2818 Dred_2821
DAE: Dtox_1023 Dtox_1026 Dtox_1027
DAU: Daud_0143 Daud_0146 Daud_0147
HMO: HM1_0659(bchX) HM1_0864(nifK) HM1_0865(nifD) HM1_0866(nifH)
MTA: Moth_0551
CSC: Csac_2462 Csac_2463 Csac_2466
FRA: Francci3_4486 Francci3_4487 Francci3_4488
FRE: Franean1_6879 Franean1_6880 Franean1_6881
FAL: FRAAL6811(nifK) FRAAL6812(nifD) FRAAL6813(nifH)
APS: CFPG_545 CFPG_548 CFPG_549
FSU: Fisuc_1075 Fisuc_1077 Fisuc_1078 Fisuc_1086 Fisuc_1087
FNU: FN0303
MIN: Minf_1873(nifD) Minf_1874(nifD) Minf_1876(nifH)
CYA: CYA_1821(nifK) CYA_1823(nifD) CYA_1824(nifH)
CYB: CYB_0421(nifH) CYB_0422(nifD) CYB_0423(nifK)
CYT: cce_0559(nifH) cce_0560(nifD) cce_0561(nifK)
CYP: PCC8801_1785 PCC8801_1786 PCC8801_1787
CYC: PCC7424_2118 PCC7424_2119 PCC7424_2120
CYN: Cyan7425_2364 Cyan7425_2365 Cyan7425_2366
CYH: Cyan8802_1813 Cyan8802_1814 Cyan8802_1815
ANA: all1440(nifK) all1454(nifD) all1455(nifH) alr0874(nifH2)
NPU: Npun_F5903 Npun_R0390 Npun_R0415 Npun_R1035
AVA: Ava_3916 Ava_3917 Ava_3930 Ava_4026 Ava_4027 Ava_4028 Ava_4029
Ava_4046 Ava_4054 Ava_4247 Ava_4248 Ava_4249 Ava_4478
TER: Tery_4136 Tery_4137 Tery_4138
CTE: CT1423(bchX) CT1533(nifH) CT1536(nifD) CT1537(nifK)
CPC: Cpar_0741 Cpar_1619(nifH) Cpar_1622 Cpar_1623
CCH: Cag_0400 Cag_1244(nifH) Cag_1247 Cag_1248
CPH: Cpha266_0740 Cpha266_0741 Cpha266_0744(nifH) Cpha266_1792
CPB: Cphamn1_0937 Cphamn1_1751(nifH) Cphamn1_1754 Cphamn1_1755
CLI: Clim_0681 Clim_0682 Clim_0685(nifH) Clim_0897
PVI: Cvib_1241 Cvib_1343(nifH) Cvib_1346 Cvib_1347
PLT: Plut_1423 Plut_1528(nifH) Plut_1531 Plut_1532
PPH: Ppha_0979 Ppha_1949(nifH) Ppha_1952 Ppha_1953
PAA: Paes_1535 Paes_1627(nifH) Paes_1630 Paes_1631
CTS: Ctha_1031 Ctha_1032 Ctha_1035(nifH) Ctha_1828 Ctha_1831
Ctha_1833 Ctha_2720
DET: DET1154(nifK) DET1155(nifD) DET1158(nifH)
RRS: RoseRS_1198 RoseRS_1199 RoseRS_1201 RoseRS_3260
RCA: Rcas_3746 Rcas_4040 Rcas_4041 Rcas_4043
CAU: Caur_0417
CAG: Cagg_3127
CHL: Chy400_0444
TYE: THEYE_A1715(nifK) THEYE_A1716(nifD) THEYE_A1717(nifH)
MJA: MJ0879
MFE: Mefer_1138
MVU: Metvu_0884 Metvu_1081 Metvu_1084 Metvu_1085
MMP: MMP0147 MMP0853(nifH) MMP0856(nifD) MMP0857(nifK)
MMQ: MmarC5_0658(nifH) MmarC5_0661 MmarC5_0662 MmarC5_1528
MMX: MmarC6_0803 MmarC6_1797 MmarC6_1799 MmarC6_1800
MmarC6_1803(nifH)
MMZ: MmarC7_0098(nifH) MmarC7_0101 MmarC7_0102 MmarC7_1147
MAE: Maeo_0506 Maeo_1224 Maeo_1426 Maeo_1430 Maeo_1431 Maeo_1434
MVN: Mevan_0059 Mevan_0061 Mevan_0062 Mevan_0065(nifH) Mevan_1152
MAC: MA1205(nifH) MA1208(anfK) MA1210(anfD) MA1213(nifH)
MA1216(vnfD) MA1218(vnfK) MA1633(nifH) MA3627(nifH)
MA3895(nifH) MA3898(nifD) MA3899(nifK)
MBA: Mbar_A0167 Mbar_A0168 Mbar_A0171(nifH) Mbar_A0347 Mbar_A1551
Mbar_A1553 Mbar_A2276 Mbar_A2278 Mbar_A2281(nifH)
MMA: MM_0514(nifH2) MM_0719(nifH) MM_0722 MM_0723
MBU: Mbur_1038
MTP: Mthe_1178
MHU: Mhun_0793
MLA: Mlab_0165 Mlab_1041
MEM: Memar_1937
MBN: Mboo_1142 Mboo_1145 Mboo_1146 Mboo_2003 Mboo_2004 Mboo_2008
Mboo_2010 Mboo_2083
MPL: Mpal_0093 Mpal_0094 Mpal_0095 Mpal_0237 Mpal_0557 Mpal_0558
Mpal_0561
MPD: MCP_0364(nifH-1) MCP_0905(nifH-2)
MTH: MTH1560(nifH) MTH1563 MTH1564 MTH643
MST: Msp_1120(nifH)
MSI: Msm_1707
MKA: MK1416(nifH)
RCI: RCIX1606(nifH-1) RCIX1611(nifD) RCIX1613(nifK) RCIX2002(nifH-2)
 |
|---|
| Structures |
PDB: 1CP2 1DE0 1FP4 1FP6 1G1M 1G20 1G21 1G5P 1H1L 1L5H
1M1N 1M1Y 1M34 1N2C 1QGU 1QH1 1QH8 1RW4 1XCP 1XD8
1XD9 1XDB 2AFH 2AFI 2AFK 2C8V 2MIN 2NIP 3MIN |
|---|
Reference
Authors
Title
Journal
|
1 [PMID:4390523]
Zumft WG, Paneque A, Aparicio PJ, Losada M.
Mechanism of nitrate reduction in Chlorella.
Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 36 (1969) 980-6. |
|---|
Reference
Authors
Title
Journal
Organism
|
2 [PMID:3200830]
Liang J, Burris RH.
Hydrogen burst associated with nitrogenase-catalyzed reactions.
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 85 (1988) 9446-50.
Azotobacter vinelandii |
|---|
Reference
Authors
Title
Journal
|
3 [PMID:15382920]
Dance I.
The mechanism of nitrogenase. Computed details of the site and
geometry of binding of alkyne and alkene substrates and
intermediates.
J. Am. Chem. Soc. 126 (2004) 11852-63. |
|---|
Reference
Authors
Title
Journal
Organism
|
4 [PMID:10852721]
Chan JM, Wu W, Dean DR, Seefeldt LC.
Construction and characterization of a heterodimeric iron protein:
defining roles for adenosine triphosphate in nitrogenase catalysis.
Biochemistry. 39 (2000) 7221-8.
Azotobacter vinelandii |
|---|
| Other DBs |
ExplorEnz - The Enzyme Database: 1.18.6.1
IUBMB Enzyme Nomenclature: 1.18.6.1
ExPASy - ENZYME nomenclature database: 1.18.6.1
UM-BBD (Biocatalysis/Biodegradation Database): 1.18.6.1
BRENDA, the Enzyme Database: 1.18.6.1
CAS: 9013-04-1 |
|---|
