glutathione hydrolase;
glutathionase;
GGT (ambiguous);
gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase (ambiguous)

Hydrolases;
Acting on peptide bonds (peptidases);
Omega peptidases

glutathione + H2O = L-cysteinylglycine + L-glutamate [RN:R00494]

R00494

glutathione [CPD:C00051];
H2O [CPD:C00001]

This protein also has EC 2.3.2.2 (gamma-glutamyltransferase) activity. The enzyme consists of two chains that are created by the proteolytic cleavage of a single precursor polypeptide. The N-terminal L-threonine of the C-terminal subunit functions as the active site for both the cleavage and the hydrolysis reactions [2-5]. The human enzyme also hydrolyses oxidized glutathione and leukotriene C4 with similar efficiency, while the mouse enzyme does not [6-7].

1  [PMID:8099811]

Hanigan MH, Ricketts WA

Extracellular glutathione is a source of cysteine for cells that express gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase.

Biochemistry. 32 (1993) 6302-6.

2  [PMID:12207027]

Suzuki H, Kumagai H

Autocatalytic processing of gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase.

J. Biol. Chem. 277 (2002) 43536-43.

3  [PMID:16618936]

Okada T, Suzuki H, Wada K, Kumagai H, Fukuyama K

Crystal structures of gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase from Escherichia coli, a key enzyme in glutathione metabolism, and its reaction intermediate.

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 103 (2006) 6471-6.

4  [PMID:17107958]

Boanca G, Sand A, Okada T, Suzuki H, Kumagai H, Fukuyama K, Barycki JJ

Autoprocessing of Helicobacter pylori gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase leads to the formation of a threonine-threonine catalytic dyad.

J. Biol. Chem. 282 (2007) 534-41.

5  [PMID:17135273]

Okada T, Suzuki H, Wada K, Kumagai H, Fukuyama K

Crystal structure of the gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase precursor protein from Escherichia coli. Structural changes upon autocatalytic processing and implications for the maturation mechanism.

J. Biol. Chem. 282 (2007) 2433-9.

6  [PMID:21447318]

Wickham S, West MB, Cook PF, Hanigan MH

Gamma-glutamyl compounds: substrate specificity of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase  enzymes.

Anal. Biochem. 414 (2011) 208-14.

7  [PMID:9139674]

Carter BZ, Wiseman AL, Orkiszewski R, Ballard KD, Ou CN, Lieberman MW

Metabolism of leukotriene C4 in gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase-deficient mice.

J. Biol. Chem. 272 (1997) 12305-10.