| Entry |
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| Name |
allophanate hydrolase;
allophanate lyase;
AtzF;
TrzF
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| Class |
Hydrolases;
Acting on carbon-nitrogen bonds, other than peptide bonds;
In linear amides
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| Sysname |
urea-1-carboxylate amidohydrolase
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| Reaction(IUBMB) |
urea-1-carboxylate + H2O = 2 CO2 + 2 NH3 [RN: R00005]
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| Reaction(KEGG) |
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| Substrate |
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| Product |
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| Comment |
Along with EC 3.5.2.15 (cyanuric acid amidohydrolase) and EC 3.5.1.84 (biuret amidohydrolase), this enzyme forms part of the cyanuric-acid metabolism pathway, which degrades s-triazide herbicides, such as atrazine [2-chloro-4-(ethylamino)-6-(isopropylamino)-1,3,5-triazine], in bacteria. The yeast enzyme (but not that from green algae) also catalyses the reaction of EC 6.3.4.6, urea carboxylase, thus bringing about the hydrolysis of urea to CO2 and NH3 in the presence of ATP and bicarbonate. The enzyme from Pseudomonas sp. strain ADP has a narrow substrate specificity, being unable to use the structurally analogous compounds urea, hydroxyurea or methylcarbamate as substrate [6].
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| Pathway |
| Arginine and proline metabolism | | Atrazine degradation | | Metabolic pathways | | Microbial metabolism in diverse environments |
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| Orthology |
| allophanate hydrolase | | urea carboxylase / allophanate hydrolase |
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| Genes |
SCE: | | AGO: | | KLA: | | LTH: | | PPA: | | VPO: | | ZRO: | | CGR: | | DHA: | | PIC: | | LEL: | | CAL: | | CTP: | | CDU: | | YLI: | | CLU: | | FGR: | | ECA: | | PCT: | | PWA: | | ETA: | | EBI: | | ENC: | | ESA: | | CTU: | | KPE: | | KVA: | | KOX: | | SPE: | | DDC: | | DDD: | | DZE: | | PVA: | | PAO: | | RAH: | | XAC: | | PST: | | PSB: | | PSP: | | PFO: | | PEN: | | PMY: | | PSA: | | CJA: | | ACD: | | ACB: | | ABY: | | ABC: | | ABN: | | ABB: | | PHA: | | SDE: | | PIN: | | TTU: | | TCX: | | AEH: | | HHA: | | TGR: | | HNA: | | ABO: | | TAU: | | REU: | | BVI: | | BUR: | | BCH: | | BCM: | | BCJ: | | BXE: | | BPH: | | BPY: | | BUG: | | BGE: | | BGD: | | BPT: | | BAV: | | AXY: | | RFR: | | PNA: | | VEI: | | VAP: | | VPE: | | MPT: | | MMS: | | HSE: | | LCH: | | NMU: | | AZO: | | DAR: | | MEH: | | MEP: | | SLT: | | GCA: | | WSU: | | SKU: | | ANT: | | MLO: | | PLA: | | RHI: | | ARA: | | AVI: | | RET: | | REC: | | RLE: | | RLT: | | RLG: | | BJA: | | BRA: | | BBT: | | RPA: | | RPB: | | RPC: | | RPD: | | RPE: | | RPT: | | RPX: | | XAU: | | AZC: | | SNO: | | MEX: | | MEA: | | MDI: | | MCH: | | MRD: | | MET: | | MPO: | | MSL: | | PHL: | | CCR: | | CCS: | | CAK: | | AEX: | | RSP: | | JAN: | | RDE: | | HNE: | | NAR: | | SJP: | | GBE: | | ACR: | | APT: | | RRU: | | AZL: | | PGV: | | BMD: | | PJD: | | AAC: | | SGY: | | CLE: | | EHA: | | MSM: | | MVA: | | MAB: | | MMC: | | MKM: | | MJL: | | ASD: | | CEF: | | NFA: | | RHA: | | RER: | | ROP: | | REQ: | | GBR: | | TPR: | | SRT: | | SMA: | | SCB: | | CMI: | | CMS: | | ART: | | AAU: | | SKE: | | CFL: | | FRI: | | FAL: | | NML: | | KRA: | | AMD: | | PDX: | | CAI: | | ACM: | | SUS: | | CAA: | | CYN: | | GVI: | |
» show all
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| Reference |
1 |
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| Authors |
Maitz, G.S., Haas, E.M. and Castric, P.A. |
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| Title |
Purification and properties of the allophanate hydrolase from Chlamydomonas reinhardii. |
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| Journal |
Biochim. Biophys. Acta 714 (1982) 486-491. |
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| Reference |
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| Authors |
Roon RJ, Levenberg B. |
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| Title |
Urea amidolyase. I. Properties of the enzyme from Candida utilis. |
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| Journal |
J. Biol. Chem. 247 (1972) 4107-13. |
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| Organism |
Candida utilis |
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| Reference |
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| Authors |
Sumrada RA, Cooper TG. |
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| Title |
Urea carboxylase and allophanate hydrolase are components of a multifunctional protein in yeast. |
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| Journal |
J. Biol. Chem. 257 (1982) 9119-27. |
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| Organism |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae [GN: sce] |
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| Reference |
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| Authors |
Kanamori T, Kanou N, Kusakabe S, Atomi H, Imanaka T. |
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| Title |
Allophanate hydrolase of Oleomonas sagaranensis involved in an ATP-dependent degradation pathway specific to urea. |
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| Journal |
FEMS. Microbiol. Lett. 245 (2005) 61-5. |
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| Organism |
Oleomonas sagaranensis |
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| Reference |
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| Authors |
Cheng G, Shapir N, Sadowsky MJ, Wackett LP. |
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| Title |
Allophanate hydrolase, not urease, functions in bacterial cyanuric acid metabolism. |
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| Journal |
Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 71 (2005) 4437-45. |
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| Organism |
Enterobacter cloacae, Pseudomonas huttiensis, Pseudomonas sp. |
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| Reference |
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| Authors |
Shapir N, Sadowsky MJ, Wackett LP. |
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| Title |
Purification and characterization of allophanate hydrolase (AtzF) from Pseudomonas sp. strain ADP. |
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| Journal |
J. Bacteriol. 187 (2005) 3731-8. |
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| Organism |
Pseudomonas sp. |
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| Reference |
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| Authors |
Shapir N, Cheng G, Sadowsky MJ, Wackett LP. |
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| Title |
Purification and characterization of TrzF: biuret hydrolysis by allophanate hydrolase supports growth. |
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| Journal |
Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 72 (2006) 2491-5. |
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| Organism |
Enterobacter cloacae |
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| Other DBs |
ExplorEnz - The Enzyme Database: IUBMB Enzyme Nomenclature: ExPASy - ENZYME nomenclature database: UM-BBD (Biocatalysis/Biodegradation Database): BRENDA, the Enzyme Database: CAS: 9076-72-6 |
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