| Entry |
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| Name |
Peptidoglycan biosynthesis
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| Description |
Peptidoglycan is a macromolecule made of long aminosugar strands cross-linked by short peptides. It forms the cell wall in bacteria surrounding the cytoplasmic membrane. The glycan strands are typically comprised of repeating N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) and N-acetylmuramic acid (MurNAc) disaccharides. Each MurNAc is linked to a peptide of three to five amino acid residues. Disaccharide subunits are first assembled on the cytoplasmic side of the bacterial membrane on a polyisoprenoid anchor (lipid I and II). Polymerization of disaccharide subunits by transglycosylases and cross-linking of glycan strands by transpeptidases occur on the other side of the membrane. Bacterial cell wall biosynthesis inhibitors form a major class of antibiotics.
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| Class |
Metabolism; Glycan biosynthesis and metabolism
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| Pathway map |
| Peptidoglycan biosynthesis |
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| Reference |
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| Authors |
Bouhss A, Trunkfield AE, Bugg TD, Mengin-Lecreulx D |
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| Title |
The biosynthesis of peptidoglycan lipid-linked intermediates. |
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| Journal |
FEMS Microbiol Rev 32:208-33 (2008) |
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| Reference |
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| Authors |
Lloyd AJ, Gilbey AM, Blewett AM, De Pascale G, El Zoeiby A, Levesque RC, Catherwood AC, Tomasz A, Bugg TD, Roper DI, Dowson CG |
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| Title |
Characterization of tRNA-dependent peptide bond formation by MurM in the synthesis of Streptococcus pneumoniae peptidoglycan. |
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| Journal |
J Biol Chem 283:6402-17 (2008) |
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| Reference |
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| Authors |
Barreteau H, Kovac A, Boniface A, Sova M, Gobec S, Blanot D |
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| Title |
Cytoplasmic steps of peptidoglycan biosynthesis. |
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| Journal |
FEMS Microbiol Rev 32:168-207 (2008) |
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| Reference |
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| Authors |
van Heijenoort J |
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| Title |
Recent advances in the formation of the bacterial peptidoglycan monomer unit. |
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| Journal |
Nat Prod Rep 18:503-19 (2001) |
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| Reference |
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| Authors |
van Heijenoort J |
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| Title |
Formation of the glycan chains in the synthesis of bacterial peptidoglycan. |
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| Journal |
Glycobiology 11:25R-36R (2001) |
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| KO pathway |
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