KEGG PATHWAY: map05144

PATHWAY: map05144

Entry

map05144                    Pathway

Name

Malaria

Description

Plasmodium protozoa are parasites that account for malaria infection. Sporozoite forms of the parasite are injected by mosquito bites under the skin and are carried to the liver where they develop into the merozoite form.
Sporozoite invasion of hepatocytes is mediated by parasite surface protein like CSP. Subsequent infection into red blood cells (RBCs) by merozoites causes malaria disease via aberrant cytokine production and sequestration of parasite-infected red blood cells (pRBCs) to host endothelium. Microvasculature sequestration in the brain brings about cerebral malaria that can results in death or persisting neurological impairment. PfEMP1 has been suggested as the key adhesive molecule of pRBCs.

Class

Human Diseases; Infectious disease: parasitic

Pathway map

map05144

Malaria

Disease

H00361

Malaria

Reference

PMID:19101208

Authors

Morahan BJ, Wang L, Coppel RL

Title

No TRAP, no invasion.

Journal

Trends Parasitol 25:77-84 (2009)
DOI:10.1016/j.pt.2008.11.004

Reference

PMID:8920859

Authors

Shakibaei M, Frevert U

Title

Dual interaction of the malaria circumsporozoite protein with the low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein (LRP) and heparan sulfate proteoglycans.

Journal

J Exp Med 184:1699-711 (1996)
DOI:10.1084/jem.184.5.1699

Reference

PMID:15106591

Authors

Silvie O, Franetich JF, Renia L, Mazier D

Title

Malaria sporozoite: migrating for a living.

Journal

Trends Mol Med 10:97-100; discussion 100-1 (2004)
DOI:10.1016/j.molmed.2004.01.004

Reference

PMID:15464448

Authors

Mota MM, Giordano S, Rodriguez A

Title

Targeting Plasmodium host cells: survival within hepatocytes.

Journal

Trends Mol Med 10:487-92 (2004)
DOI:10.1016/j.molmed.2004.08.003

Reference

PMID:12364790

Authors

Cowman AF, Crabb BS

Title

The Plasmodium falciparum genome--a blueprint for erythrocyte invasion.

Journal

Science 298:126-8 (2002)
DOI:10.1126/science.1078169

Reference

PMID:16019257

Authors

O'Donnell RA, Blackman MJ

Title

The role of malaria merozoite proteases in red blood cell invasion.

Journal

Curr Opin Microbiol 8:422-7 (2005)
DOI:10.1016/j.mib.2005.06.018

Reference

PMID:17630968

Authors

Iyer J, Gruner AC, Renia L, Snounou G, Preiser PR

Title

Invasion of host cells by malaria parasites: a tale of two protein families.

Journal

Mol Microbiol 65:231-49 (2007)
DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2958.2007.05791.x

Reference

PMID:11224682

Authors

Chitnis CE

Title

Molecular insights into receptors used by malaria parasites for erythrocyte invasion.

Journal

Curr Opin Hematol 8:85-91 (2001)
DOI:10.1097/00062752-200103000-00005

Reference

PMID:15094163

Authors

Rasti N, Wahlgren M, Chen Q

Title

Molecular aspects of malaria pathogenesis.

Journal

FEMS Immunol Med Microbiol 41:9-26 (2004)
DOI:10.1016/j.femsim.2004.01.010

Reference

PMID:15463497

Authors

Clark IA, Rockett KA, Cowden WB

Title

Proposed link between cytokines, nitric oxide and human cerebral malaria.

Journal

Parasitol Today 7:205-7 (1991)
DOI:10.1016/0169-4758(91)90142-B

Reference

PMID:18250459

Authors

Hisaeda H, Tetsutani K, Imai T, Moriya C, Tu L, Hamano S, Duan X, Chou B, Ishida H, Aramaki A, Shen J, Ishii KJ, Coban C, Akira S, Takeda K, Yasutomo K, Torii M, Himeno K

Title

Malaria parasites require TLR9 signaling for immune evasion by activating regulatory T cells.

Journal

J Immunol 180:2496-503 (2008)
DOI:10.4049/jimmunol.180.4.2496

Reference

PMID:10885986

Authors

Chen Q, Schlichtherle M, Wahlgren M

Title

Molecular aspects of severe malaria.

Journal

Clin Microbiol Rev 13:439-50 (2000)
DOI:10.1128/CMR.13.3.439-450.2000

Reference

PMID:11832955

Authors

Miller LH, Baruch DI, Marsh K, Doumbo OK

Title

The pathogenic basis of malaria.

Journal

Nature 415:673-9 (2002)
DOI:10.1038/415673a

Reference

PMID:19967139

Authors

Faille D, El-Assaad F, Alessi MC, Fusai T, Combes V, Grau GE

Title

Platelet-endothelial cell interactions in cerebral malaria: the end of a cordial understanding.

Journal

Thromb Haemost 102:1093-102 (2009)
DOI:10.1160/TH09-05-0337

Reference

PMID:16138104

Authors

Schofield L, Grau GE

Title

Immunological processes in malaria pathogenesis.

Journal

Nat Rev Immunol 5:722-35 (2005)
DOI:10.1038/nri1686

Reference

PMID:14737184

Authors

Ishino T, Yano K, Chinzei Y, Yuda M

Title

Cell-passage activity is required for the malarial parasite to cross the liver sinusoidal cell layer.

Journal

PLoS Biol 2:E4 (2004)
DOI:10.1371/journal.pbio.0020004

Reference

PMID:16468982

Authors

Kariu T, Ishino T, Yano K, Chinzei Y, Yuda M

Title

CelTOS, a novel malarial protein that mediates transmission to mosquito and vertebrate hosts.

Journal

Mol Microbiol 59:1369-79 (2006)
DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2958.2005.05024.x

Reference

PMID:20091081

Authors

Cox D, McConkey S

Title

The role of platelets in the pathogenesis of cerebral malaria.

Journal

Cell Mol Life Sci 67:557-68 (2010)
DOI:10.1007/s00018-009-0211-3

Related
pathway

map04210

Apoptosis

map04514

Cell adhesion molecules

map04610

Complement and coagulation cascades

map04620

Toll-like receptor signaling pathway

KO pathway

ko05144

All links

Chemical substance (5)   
   KEGG COMPOUND (2)   
   KEGG GLYCAN (3)   
Gene (23642)   
   KEGG ORTHOLOGY (67)   
   RefGene (23575)   
Literature (18)   
   PubMed (18)   
All databases (23665)   

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