| Entry |
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| Name |
Endometrial cancer
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| Description |
Endometrial cancer (EC) is the most common gynaecological malignancy and the fourth most common malignancy in women in the developed world after breast, colorectal and lung cancer. Two types of endometrial carcinoma are distinguished with respect to biology and clinical course. Type-I carcinoma is related to hyperestrogenism by association with endometrial hyperplasia, frequent expression of estrogen and progesterone receptors and younger age, whereas type-II carcinoma is unrelated to estrogen, associated with atrophic endometrium, frequent lack of estrogen and progesterone receptors and older age. The morphologic differences in these cancers are mirrored in their molecular genetic profile with type I showing defects in DNA-mismatch repair and mutations in PTEN, K-ras, and beta-catenin, and type II showing aneuploidy, p53 mutations, and her2/neu amplification.
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| Class |
Human Diseases; Cancers
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| Pathway map |
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| Disease |
| Endometrial Cancer | | Mismatch repair deficiency |
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| Reference |
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| Authors |
Ryan AJ, Susil B, Jobling TW, Oehler MK. |
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| Title |
Endometrial cancer. |
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| Journal |
Cell Tissue Res 322:53-61 (2005) |
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| Reference |
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| Authors |
Lax SF. |
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| Title |
Molecular genetic pathways in various types of endometrial carcinoma: from a phenotypical to a molecular-based classification. |
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| Journal |
Virchows Arch 444:213-23 (2004) |
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| Reference |
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| Authors |
Shiozawa T, Konishi I. |
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| Title |
Early endometrial carcinoma: clinicopathology, hormonal aspects, molecular genetics, diagnosis, and treatment. |
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| Journal |
Int J Clin Oncol 11:13-21 (2006) |
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| Reference |
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| Authors |
Hecht JL, Mutter GL. |
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| Title |
Molecular and pathologic aspects of endometrial carcinogenesis. |
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| Journal |
J Clin Oncol 24:4783-91 (2006) |
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| Reference |
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| Authors |
Matias-Guiu X, Catasus L, Bussaglia E, Lagarda H, Garcia A, Pons C, Munoz J, Arguelles R, Machin P, Prat J. |
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| Title |
Molecular pathology of endometrial hyperplasia and carcinoma. |
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| Journal |
Hum Pathol 32:569-77 (2001) |
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| Reference |
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| Authors |
Slomovitz BM, Broaddus RR, Burke TW, Sneige N, Soliman PT, Wu W, Sun CC, Munsell MF, Gershenson DM, Lu KH. |
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| Title |
Her-2/neu overexpression and amplification in uterine papillary serous carcinoma. |
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| Journal |
J Clin Oncol 22:3126-32 (2004) |
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| Reference |
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| Authors |
Saffari B, Jones LA, el-Naggar A, Felix JC, George J, Press MF. |
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| Title |
Amplification and overexpression of HER-2/neu (c-erbB2) in endometrial cancers: correlation with overall survival. |
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| Journal |
Cancer Res 55:5693-8 (1995) |
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| Reference |
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| Authors |
Kim D, Chung J. |
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| Title |
Akt: versatile mediator of cell survival and beyond. |
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| Journal |
J Biochem Mol Biol 35:106-15 (2002) |
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| KO pathway |
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