KEGG   PATHWAY: afr03430
Entry
afr03430                    Pathway                                
Name
Mismatch repair - Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans ATCC 23270
Description
DNA mismatch repair (MMR) is a highly conserved biological pathway that plays a key role in maintaining genomic stability. MMR corrects DNA mismatches generated during DNA replication, thereby preventing mutations from becoming permanent in dividing cells. MMR also suppresses homologous recombination and was recently shown to play a role in DNA damage signaling. Defects in MMR are associated with genome-wide instability, predisposition to certain types of cancer including HNPCC, resistance to certain chemotherapeutic agents, and abnormalities in meiosis and sterility in mammalian systems.
The Escherichia coli MMR pathway has been extensively studied and is well characterized. In E. coli, the mismatch-activated MutS-MutL-ATP complex licenses MutH to incise the nearest unmethylated GATC sequence. UvrD and an exonuclease generate a gap. This gap is filled by pol III and DNA ligase. The GATC sites are then methylated by Dam. Several human MMR proteins have been identified based on their homology to E. coli MMR proteins. These include human homologs of MutS and MutL. Although E. coli MutS and MutL proteins are homodimers, human MutS and MutL homologs are heterodimers. The role of hemimethylated dGATC sites as a signal for strand discrimination is not conserved from E. coli to human. Human MMR is presumed to be nick-directed in vivo, and is thought to discriminate daughter and template strands using a strand-specific nick.
Class
Genetic Information Processing; Replication and repair
Pathway map
afr03430  Mismatch repair
afr03430

Other DBs
GO: 0006298
Organism
Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans ATCC 23270 [GN:afr]
Gene
AFE_0001  dnaN; DNA polymerase III, beta subunit [KO:K02338] [EC:2.7.7.7]
AFE_0400  dnaQ; DNA polymerase III, epsilon subunit [KO:K02342] [EC:2.7.7.7]
AFE_0457  holA; DNA polymerase III, delta subunit [KO:K02340] [EC:2.7.7.7]
AFE_0476  recJ; single-stranded-DNA-specific exonuclease RecJ [KO:K07462] [EC:3.1.-.-]
AFE_0744  [KO:K07456]
AFE_0757  ligA; DNA ligase, NAD-dependent [KO:K01972] [EC:6.5.1.2]
AFE_1137  [KO:K03657] [EC:5.6.2.4]
AFE_1230  [KO:K01972] [EC:6.5.1.2]
AFE_1260  ssb-3; single-strand binding protein [KO:K03111]
AFE_1461  dnaE; DNA polymerase III, alpha subunit [KO:K02337] [EC:2.7.7.7]
AFE_1568  [KO:K06223] [EC:2.1.1.72]
AFE_1569  ssb-2; single-strand binding protein [KO:K03111]
AFE_1760  mutS; DNA mismatch repair protein MutS [KO:K03555]
AFE_1767  [KO:K10857] [EC:3.1.11.-]
AFE_1914  holB; DNA polymerase III, delta prime subunit [KO:K02341] [EC:2.7.7.7]
AFE_1919  dnaX; DNA polymerase III, subunits gamma and tau [KO:K02343] [EC:2.7.7.7]
AFE_1927  mutL; mismatch repair protein MutL [KO:K03572]
AFE_1976  xseB; exodeoxyribonuclease VII, small subunit [KO:K03602] [EC:3.1.11.6]
AFE_1980  xseA; exodeoxyribonuclease VII, large subunit [KO:K03601] [EC:3.1.11.6]
AFE_2203  holC; DNA polymerase III, chi subunit [KO:K02339] [EC:2.7.7.7]
AFE_2338  [KO:K07456]
AFE_2845  ssb-1; single-strand binding protein [KO:K03111]
AFE_3101  uvrD; DNA helicase II [KO:K03657] [EC:5.6.2.4]
Reference
  Authors
Jiricny J.
  Title
The multifaceted mismatch-repair system.
  Journal
Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 7:335-46 (2006)
DOI:10.1038/nrm1907
Reference
  Authors
Li GM.
  Title
Mechanisms and functions of DNA mismatch repair.
  Journal
Cell Res 18:85-98 (2008)
DOI:10.1038/cr.2007.115
Reference
  Authors
Marti TM, Kunz C, Fleck O.
  Title
DNA mismatch repair and mutation avoidance pathways.
  Journal
J Cell Physiol 191:28-41 (2002)
DOI:10.1002/jcp.10077
Reference
  Authors
Ikejima M, Shimada T.
  Title
[Molecular mechanism of mismatch repair]
  Journal
Tanpakushitsu Kakusan Koso 46:1124-9 (2001)
KO pathway
ko03430   

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