KEGG   PATHWAY: ath00260
Entry
ath00260                    Pathway                                
Name
Glycine, serine and threonine metabolism - Arabidopsis thaliana (thale cress)
Description
Serine is derived from 3-phospho-D-glycerate, an intermediate of glycolysis [MD:M00020], and glycine is derived from serine. Threonine is an essential amino acid, which animals cannot synthesize. In bacteria and plants, threonine is derived from aspartate [MD:M00018].
Class
Metabolism; Amino acid metabolism
Pathway map
ath00260  Glycine, serine and threonine metabolism
ath00260

Module
ath_M00018  Threonine biosynthesis, aspartate => homoserine => threonine [PATH:ath00260]
ath_M00020  Serine biosynthesis, glycerate-3P => serine [PATH:ath00260]
ath_M00555  Betaine biosynthesis, choline => betaine [PATH:ath00260]
ath_M00621  Glycine cleavage system [PATH:ath00260]
Other DBs
GO: 0006544 0006563 0070178 0006566
Organism
Arabidopsis thaliana (thale cress) [GN:ath]
Gene
AT5G13280  AK-LYS1; aspartate kinase 1 [KO:K00928] [EC:2.7.2.4]
AT5G14060  CARAB-AK-LYS; Aspartate kinase family protein [KO:K00928] [EC:2.7.2.4]
AT3G02020  AK3; aspartate kinase 3 [KO:K00928] [EC:2.7.2.4]
AT1G31230  AK-HSDH_I; aspartate kinase-homoserine dehydrogenase i [KO:K12524] [EC:2.7.2.4 1.1.1.3]
AT4G19710  AK-HSDH_II; aspartate kinase-homoserine dehydrogenase ii [KO:K12524] [EC:2.7.2.4 1.1.1.3]
AT1G14810  semialdehyde dehydrogenase family protein [KO:K00133] [EC:1.2.1.11]
AT2G17265  HSK; homoserine kinase [KO:K00872] [EC:2.7.1.39]
AT1G72810  Pyridoxal-5'-phosphate-dependent enzyme family protein [KO:K01733] [EC:4.2.3.1]
AT4G29840  MTO2; Pyridoxal-5'-phosphate-dependent enzyme family protein [KO:K01733] [EC:4.2.3.1]
AT1G08630  THA1; threonine aldolase 1 [KO:K01620] [EC:4.1.2.48]
AT3G04520  THA2; threonine aldolase 2 [KO:K01620] [EC:4.1.2.48]
AT4G13890  EDA36; Pyridoxal phosphate (PLP)-dependent transferases superfamily protein [KO:K00600] [EC:2.1.2.1]
AT4G13930  SHM4; serine hydroxymethyltransferase 4 [KO:K00600] [EC:2.1.2.1]
AT1G22020  SHM6; serine hydroxymethyltransferase 6 [KO:K00600] [EC:2.1.2.1]
AT4G32520  SHM3; serine hydroxymethyltransferase 3 [KO:K00600] [EC:2.1.2.1]
AT4G37930  SHM1; serine transhydroxymethyltransferase 1 [KO:K00600] [EC:2.1.2.1]
AT1G36370  SHM7; serine hydroxymethyltransferase 7 [KO:K00600] [EC:2.1.2.1]
AT5G26780  SHM2; serine hydroxymethyltransferase 2 [KO:K00600] [EC:2.1.2.1]
AT2G13360  AGT; alanine:glyoxylate aminotransferase [KO:K00830] [EC:2.6.1.44 2.6.1.45 2.6.1.51]
AT1G68010  HPR; hydroxypyruvate reductase [KO:K15893] [EC:1.1.1.29]
AT1G79870  D-isomer specific 2-hydroxyacid dehydrogenase family protein [KO:K15919] [EC:1.1.1.79 1.1.1.81]
AT1G12550  HPR3; D-isomer specific 2-hydroxyacid dehydrogenase family protein [KO:K15919] [EC:1.1.1.79 1.1.1.81]
AT1G22170  Phosphoglycerate mutase family protein [KO:K01834] [EC:5.4.2.11]
AT1G78050  PGM; phosphoglycerate/bisphosphoglycerate mutase [KO:K01834] [EC:5.4.2.11]
AT3G50520  Phosphoglycerate mutase family protein [KO:K15634] [EC:5.4.2.11]
AT1G09780  iPGAM1; Phosphoglycerate mutase, 2,3-bisphosphoglycerate-independent [KO:K15633] [EC:5.4.2.12]
AT3G08590  iPGAM2; Phosphoglycerate mutase, 2,3-bisphosphoglycerate-independent [KO:K15633] [EC:5.4.2.12]
AT1G80380  P-loop containing nucleoside triphosphate hydrolases superfamily protein [KO:K15918] [EC:2.7.1.31]
AT3G19480  D-3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase [KO:K00058] [EC:1.1.1.95 1.1.1.399]
AT4G34200  EDA9; D-3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase [KO:K00058] [EC:1.1.1.95 1.1.1.399]
AT1G17745  PGDH; D-3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase [KO:K00058] [EC:1.1.1.95 1.1.1.399]
AT2G17630  Pyridoxal phosphate (PLP)-dependent transferases superfamily protein [KO:K00831] [EC:2.6.1.52]
AT4G35630  PSAT; phosphoserine aminotransferase [KO:K00831] [EC:2.6.1.52]
AT1G18640  PSP; 3-phosphoserine phosphatase [KO:K01079] [EC:3.1.3.3]
AT2G42490  Copper amine oxidase family protein [KO:K00276] [EC:1.4.3.21]
AT1G31710  Copper amine oxidase family protein [KO:K00276] [EC:1.4.3.21]
AT1G31690  Copper amine oxidase family protein [KO:K00276] [EC:1.4.3.21]
AT4G14940  AO1; amine oxidase 1 [KO:K00276] [EC:1.4.3.21]
AT1G62810  CuAO1; Copper amine oxidase family protein [KO:K00276] [EC:1.4.3.21]
AT3G43670  Copper amine oxidase family protein [KO:K00276] [EC:1.4.3.21]
AT4G12290  Copper amine oxidase family protein [KO:K00276] [EC:1.4.3.21]
AT1G31670  Copper amine oxidase family protein [KO:K00276] [EC:1.4.3.21]
AT2G26080  GLDP2; glycine decarboxylase P-protein 2 [KO:K00281] [EC:1.4.4.2]
AT4G33010  GLDP1; glycine decarboxylase P-protein 1 [KO:K00281] [EC:1.4.4.2]
AT1G11860  Glycine cleavage T-protein family [KO:K00605] [EC:2.1.2.10]
AT3G17240  mtLPD2; lipoamide dehydrogenase 2 [KO:K00382] [EC:1.8.1.4]
AT3G16950  LPD1; lipoamide dehydrogenase 1 [KO:K00382] [EC:1.8.1.4]
AT1G48030  mtLPD1; mitochondrial lipoamide dehydrogenase 1 [KO:K00382] [EC:1.8.1.4]
AT4G16155  dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase [KO:K00382] [EC:1.8.1.4]
AT1G32470  Single hybrid motif superfamily protein [KO:K02437]
AT2G35120  Single hybrid motif superfamily protein [KO:K02437]
AT2G35370  GDCH; glycine decarboxylase complex H [KO:K02437]
AT4G39660  AGT2; alanine:glyoxylate aminotransferase 2 [KO:K00827] [EC:2.6.1.44 2.6.1.40]
AT3G08860  PYD4; PYRIMIDINE 4 [KO:K00827] [EC:2.6.1.44 2.6.1.40]
AT2G38400  AGT3; alanine:glyoxylate aminotransferase 3 [KO:K00827] [EC:2.6.1.44 2.6.1.40]
AT1G70580  AOAT2; alanine-2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase 2 [KO:K14272] [EC:2.6.1.4 2.6.1.2 2.6.1.44]
AT1G23310  GGT1; glutamate:glyoxylate aminotransferase [KO:K14272] [EC:2.6.1.4 2.6.1.2 2.6.1.44]
AT4G29890  choline monooxygenase, putative (CMO-like) [KO:K00499] [EC:1.14.15.7]
AT3G48170  ALDH10A9; aldehyde dehydrogenase 10A9 [KO:K00130] [EC:1.2.1.8]
AT1G74920  ALDH10A8; aldehyde dehydrogenase 10A8 [KO:K00130] [EC:1.2.1.8]
AT1G54100  ALDH7B4; aldehyde dehydrogenase 7B4 [KO:K14085] [EC:1.2.1.31 1.2.1.8 1.2.1.3]
AT2G24580  FAD-dependent oxidoreductase family protein [KO:K00306] [EC:1.5.3.1 1.5.3.7]
AT3G10050  OMR1; L-O-methylthreonine resistant 1 [KO:K01754] [EC:4.3.1.19]
AT4G11640  SR; serine racemase [KO:K12235] [EC:5.1.1.18]
AT4G02610  Aldolase-type TIM barrel family protein [KO:K01695] [EC:4.2.1.20]
AT3G54640  TSA1; tryptophan synthase alpha chain [KO:K01695] [EC:4.2.1.20]
AT5G54810  TSB1; tryptophan synthase beta-subunit 1 [KO:K01696] [EC:4.2.1.20]
AT4G27070  TSB2; tryptophan synthase beta-subunit 2 [KO:K01696] [EC:4.2.1.20]
AT5G28237  Pyridoxal-5'-phosphate-dependent enzyme family protein [KO:K01696] [EC:4.2.1.20]
AT5G38530  TSBtype2; tryptophan synthase beta type 2 [KO:K06001] [EC:4.2.1.20]
Compound
C00011  CO2
C00014  Ammonia
C00022  Pyruvate
C00037  Glycine
C00048  Glyoxylate
C00049  L-Aspartate
C00065  L-Serine
C00078  L-Tryptophan
C00097  L-Cysteine
C00101  Tetrahydrofolate
C00109  2-Oxobutanoate
C00114  Choline
C00143  5,10-Methylenetetrahydrofolate
C00168  Hydroxypyruvate
C00188  L-Threonine
C00197  3-Phospho-D-glycerate
C00213  Sarcosine
C00258  D-Glycerate
C00263  L-Homoserine
C00300  Creatine
C00430  5-Aminolevulinate
C00441  L-Aspartate 4-semialdehyde
C00546  Methylglyoxal
C00576  Betaine aldehyde
C00581  Guanidinoacetate
C00631  2-Phospho-D-glycerate
C00719  Betaine
C00740  D-Serine
C00986  1,3-Diaminopropane
C01005  O-Phospho-L-serine
C01026  N,N-Dimethylglycine
C01102  O-Phospho-L-homoserine
C01242  [Protein]-S8-aminomethyldihydrolipoyllysine
C01888  Aminoacetone
C02051  Lipoylprotein
C02291  L-Cystathionine
C02737  Phosphatidylserine
C02972  Dihydrolipoylprotein
C03082  4-Phospho-L-aspartate
C03194  (R)-1-Aminopropan-2-ol
C03232  3-Phosphonooxypyruvate
C03283  L-2,4-Diaminobutanoate
C03508  L-2-Amino-3-oxobutanoic acid
C05519  L-Allothreonine
C06231  Ectoine
C06442  N(gamma)-Acetyldiaminobutyrate
C16432  5-Hydroxyectoine
C19929  N(alpha)-Acetyl-L-2,4-diaminobutyrate
Reference
  Authors
Nishizuka Y, Seyama Y, Ikai A, Ishimura Y, Kawaguchi A (eds).
  Title
[Cellular Functions and Metabolic Maps] (In Japanese)
  Journal
Tokyo Kagaku Dojin (1997)
Reference
PMID:11823218
  Authors
Kuhlmann AU, Bremer E.
  Title
Osmotically regulated synthesis of the compatible solute ectoine in Bacillus pasteurii and related Bacillus spp.
  Journal
Appl Environ Microbiol 68:772-83 (2002)
DOI:10.1128/AEM.68.2.772-783.2002
Reference
PMID:10473374
  Authors
Canovas D, Borges N, Vargas C, Ventosa A, Nieto JJ, Santos H.
  Title
Role of Ngamma-acetyldiaminobutyrate as an enzyme stabilizer and an intermediate in the biosynthesis of hydroxyectoine.
  Journal
Appl Environ Microbiol 65:3774-9 (1999)
DOI:10.1128/AEM.65.9.3774-3779.1999
Reference
PMID:17636255
  Authors
Bursy J, Pierik AJ, Pica N, Bremer E.
  Title
Osmotically induced synthesis of the compatible solute hydroxyectoine is mediated by an evolutionarily conserved ectoine hydroxylase.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 282:31147-55 (2007)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.M704023200
Reference
PMID:16707670
  Authors
Garcia-Estepa R, Argandona M, Reina-Bueno M, Capote N, Iglesias-Guerra F, Nieto JJ, Vargas C.
  Title
The ectD gene, which is involved in the synthesis of the compatible solute hydroxyectoine, is essential for thermoprotection of the halophilic bacterium Chromohalobacter salexigens.
  Journal
J Bacteriol 188:3774-84 (2006)
DOI:10.1128/JB.00136-06
Reference
PMID:15470257
  Authors
Arevalo-Rodriguez M, Pan X, Boeke JD, Heitman J
  Title
FKBP12 controls aspartate pathway flux in Saccharomyces cerevisiae to prevent toxic intermediate accumulation.
  Journal
Eukaryot Cell 3:1287-96 (2004)
DOI:10.1128/EC.3.5.1287-1296.2004
Reference
PMID:7639721
  Authors
Rees WD, Hay SM
  Title
The biosynthesis of threonine by mammalian cells: expression of a complete bacterial biosynthetic pathway in an animal cell.
  Journal
Biochem J 309 ( Pt 3):999-1007 (1995)
DOI:10.1042/bj3090999
Reference
PMID:11341914
  Authors
Jacques SL, Nieman C, Bareich D, Broadhead G, Kinach R, Honek JF, Wright GD
  Title
Characterization of yeast homoserine dehydrogenase, an antifungal target: the invariant histidine 309 is important for enzyme integrity.
  Journal
Biochim Biophys Acta 1544:28-41 (2001)
DOI:10.1016/S0167-4838(00)00203-X
Reference
PMID:15520012
  Authors
Chen X, Jhee KH, Kruger WD
  Title
Production of the neuromodulator H2S by cystathionine beta-synthase via the condensation of cysteine and homocysteine.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 279:52082-6 (2004)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.C400481200
Related
pathway
ath00010  Glycolysis / Gluconeogenesis
ath00020  Citrate cycle (TCA cycle)
ath00230  Purine metabolism
ath00250  Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism
ath00270  Cysteine and methionine metabolism
ath00290  Valine, leucine and isoleucine biosynthesis
ath00300  Lysine biosynthesis
ath00330  Arginine and proline metabolism
ath00460  Cyanoamino acid metabolism
ath00470  D-Amino acid metabolism
ath00564  Glycerophospholipid metabolism
ath00600  Sphingolipid metabolism
ath00620  Pyruvate metabolism
ath00630  Glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism
ath00640  Propanoate metabolism
ath00860  Porphyrin metabolism
ath00920  Sulfur metabolism
KO pathway
ko00260   

  All links  
Genome (1)   
   KEGG GENOME (1)   
Gene (70)   
   KEGG GENES (70)   
All databases (71)   

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