Entry
Name
Oxytocin signaling pathway - Equus caballus (horse)
Description
Oxytocin (OT) is a nonapeptide synthesized by the magno-cellular neurons located in the supraoptic (SON) and paraventricular (PVN) nuclei of the hypothalamus. It exerts a wide variety of central and peripheral effects. However, its best-known and most well-established roles are stimulation of uterine contractions during parturition and milk release during lactation. Oxytocin also influences cardiovascular regulation and various social behaviors. The actions of OT are all mediated by one type of OT receptor (OTR). This is a transmembrane receptor belonging to the G-protein-coupled receptor superfamily. The main signaling pathway is the Gq/PLC/Ins3 pathway, but the MAPK and the RhoA/Rho kinase pathways are also activated, contributing to increased prostaglandin production and direct contractile effect on myometrial cells. In the cardiovascular system, OTR is associated with the ANP-cGMP and NO-cGMP pathways, which reduce the force and rate of contraction and increase vasodilatation.
Class
Organismal Systems; Endocrine system
BRITE hierarchy
Pathway map
Ortholog table
Organism
Equus caballus (horse) [GN:
ecb ]
Gene
100063136 GNAQ; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(q) subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K04634 ]
100065153 MEF2C; myocyte-specific enhancer factor 2C isoform X7 [KO:K04454 ]
100056810 TRPM2; transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily M member 2 isoform X1 [KO:K04977 ] [EC:3.6.1.13 ]
100147042 KCNJ12; ATP-sensitive inward rectifier potassium channel 12 [KO:K05005 ]
100146909 KCNJ14; ATP-sensitive inward rectifier potassium channel 14 [KO:K05007 ]
100057315 PLCB2; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-2 isoform X1 [KO:K05858 ] [EC:3.1.4.11 ]
100051558 PLCB1; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-1 isoform X1 [KO:K05858 ] [EC:3.1.4.11 ]
100051485 PLCB4; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-4 isoform X1 [KO:K05858 ] [EC:3.1.4.11 ]
100049924 CACNA1C; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1C isoform X1 [KO:K04850 ]
100051186 CACNA1D; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1D isoform X1 [KO:K04851 ]
100062861 CACNA1F; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1F isoform X1 [KO:K04853 ]
100034092 CACNA1S; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1S [KO:K04857 ]
100055054 CACNB1; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit beta-1 isoform X2 [KO:K04862 ]
100055971 CACNB2; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit beta-2 isoform X3 [KO:K04863 ]
100051367 CACNB3; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit beta-3 isoform X4 [KO:K04864 ]
100057916 CACNB4; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit beta-4 isoform X1 [KO:K04865 ]
100057533 CACNA2D1; voltage-dependent calcium channel subunit alpha-2/delta-1 isoform X1 [KO:K04858 ]
100061645 CACNA2D2; voltage-dependent calcium channel subunit alpha-2/delta-2 isoform X1 [KO:K04859 ]
100059197 CACNA2D3; voltage-dependent calcium channel subunit alpha-2/delta-3 isoform X1 [KO:K04860 ]
100630648 CACNA2D4; voltage-dependent calcium channel subunit alpha-2/delta-4 [KO:K04861 ]
100053535 CACNG1; voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-1 subunit [KO:K04866 ]
100054570 CACNG2; voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-2 subunit isoform X1 [KO:K04867 ]
100068407 CACNG3; voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-3 subunit [KO:K04868 ]
106780860 CACNG4; voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-4 subunit [KO:K04869 ]
100063388 CACNG5; voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-5 subunit [KO:K04870 ]
100147407 CACNG6; voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-6 subunit isoform X1 [KO:K04871 ]
100062937 CACNG7; voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-7 subunit [KO:K04872 ]
100147684 CACNG8; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-8 subunit [KO:K04873 ]
100052808 ITPR1; inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04958 ]
100064557 ITPR2; inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 2 isoform X1 [KO:K04959 ]
100053019 ITPR3; inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 3 isoform X1 [KO:K04960 ]
100064482 CALML6; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: calmodulin-like protein 6 [KO:K02183 ]
100057357 PPP3CC; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2B catalytic subunit gamma isoform isoform X1 [KO:K04348 ] [EC:3.1.3.16 ]
100067434 PPP3CA; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2B catalytic subunit alpha isoform isoform X4 [KO:K04348 ] [EC:3.1.3.16 ]
100072862 PPP3CB; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2B catalytic subunit beta isoform isoform X1 [KO:K04348 ] [EC:3.1.3.16 ]
100065378 NFATC1; nuclear factor of activated T-cells, cytoplasmic 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04446 ]
100052657 NFATC2; nuclear factor of activated T-cells, cytoplasmic 2 isoform X4 [KO:K17332 ]
100053856 NFATC3; nuclear factor of activated T-cells, cytoplasmic 3 isoform X1 [KO:K17333 ]
100054213 NFATC4; nuclear factor of activated T-cells, cytoplasmic 4 isoform X1 [KO:K17334 ]
100034094 PRKAB1; 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit beta-1 [KO:K07199 ]
100034095 PRKAB2; 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit beta-2 [KO:K07199 ]
100034098 PRKAG2; 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit gamma-2 [KO:K07200 ]
100034096 PRKAG1; 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit gamma-1 [KO:K07200 ]
100034099 PRKAG3; 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit gamma-3 [KO:K07200 ]
100064138 CAMK2G; calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II subunit gamma isoform X13 [KO:K04515 ] [EC:2.7.11.17 ]
100071654 CAMK2A; calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K04515 ] [EC:2.7.11.17 ]
100072618 CAMK2D; calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II subunit delta isoform X6 [KO:K04515 ] [EC:2.7.11.17 ]
100146368 CAMK2B; calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II subunit beta isoform X1 [KO:K04515 ] [EC:2.7.11.17 ]
100060501 PPP1R12A; protein phosphatase 1 regulatory subunit 12A isoform X1 [KO:K06270 ]
100063928 PPP1R12B; protein phosphatase 1 regulatory subunit 12B isoform X15 [KO:K12329 ]
100056464 guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(s) subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K04632 ]
100055673 GNAI1; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-1 [KO:K04630 ]
100062085 GNAI2; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-2 [KO:K04630 ]
100058238 GNAI3; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(k) subunit alpha [KO:K04630 ]
100051282 GNAO1; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(o) subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K04534 ]
100050532 PIK3CG; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit gamma isoform isoform X1 [KO:K21289 ] [EC:2.7.1.153 ]
100062810 PIK3R5; phosphoinositide 3-kinase regulatory subunit 5 isoform X3 [KO:K21290 ]
100062779 PIK3R6; phosphoinositide 3-kinase regulatory subunit 6 isoform X1 [KO:K21290 ]
100058732 KCNJ3; G protein-activated inward rectifier potassium channel 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04997 ]
100060665 KCNJ6; G protein-activated inward rectifier potassium channel 2 [KO:K05000 ]
100058166 KCNJ9; G protein-activated inward rectifier potassium channel 3 [KO:K05002 ]
100064621 KCNJ5; G protein-activated inward rectifier potassium channel 4 [KO:K04999 ]
Compound
C01245 D-myo-Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate
Reference
Authors
Devost D, Wrzal P, Zingg HH
Title
Oxytocin receptor signalling.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Viero C, Shibuya I, Kitamura N, Verkhratsky A, Fujihara H, Katoh A, Ueta Y, Zingg HH, Chvatal A, Sykova E, Dayanithi G
Title
REVIEW: Oxytocin: Crossing the bridge between basic science and pharmacotherapy.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Gutkowska J, Jankowski M
Title
Oxytocin revisited: its role in cardiovascular regulation.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Vrachnis N, Malamas FM, Sifakis S, Deligeoroglou E, Iliodromiti Z
Title
The oxytocin-oxytocin receptor system and its antagonists as tocolytic agents.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Tom N, Assinder SJ
Title
Oxytocin in health and disease.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Strakova Z, Copland JA, Lolait SJ, Soloff MS
Title
ERK2 mediates oxytocin-stimulated PGE2 synthesis.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Slater DM, Zervou S, Thornton S
Title
Prostaglandins and prostanoid receptors in human pregnancy and parturition.
Journal
J Soc Gynecol Investig 9:118-24 (2002)
Reference
Authors
Shmygol A, Gullam J, Blanks A, Thornton S
Title
Multiple mechanisms involved in oxytocin-induced modulation of myometrial contractility.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Tahara M, Morishige K, Sawada K, Ikebuchi Y, Kawagishi R, Tasaka K, Murata Y
Title
RhoA/Rho-kinase cascade is involved in oxytocin-induced rat uterine contraction.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Slattery MM, Morrison JJ
Title
Preterm delivery.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Pont JN, McArdle CA, Lopez Bernal A
Title
Oxytocin-stimulated NFAT transcriptional activation in human myometrial cells.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Gutkowska J, Jankowski M, Lambert C, Mukaddam-Daher S, Zingg HH, McCann SM
Title
Oxytocin releases atrial natriuretic peptide by combining with oxytocin receptors in the heart.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Antunes-Rodrigues J, de Castro M, Elias LL, Valenca MM, McCann SM
Title
Neuroendocrine control of body fluid metabolism.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Lee ES, Uhm KO, Lee YM, Kwon J, Park SH, Soo KH
Title
Oxytocin stimulates glucose uptake in skeletal muscle cells through the calcium-CaMKK-AMPK pathway.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Cassoni P, Sapino A, Fortunati N, Munaron L, Chini B, Bussolati G
Title
Oxytocin inhibits the proliferation of MDA-MB231 human breast-cancer cells via cyclic adenosine monophosphate and protein kinase A.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Busnelli M, Peverelli E, Mantovani G, Spada A, Chini B
Title
Deciphering the specific role of G(alphai/o) isoforms: functional selective oxytocin ligands and somatostatin SST5 receptor mutants.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Reversi A, Rimoldi V, Brambillasca S, Chini B
Title
Effects of cholesterol manipulation on the signaling of the human oxytocin receptor.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Salmina AB, Lopatina O, Ekimova MV, Mikhutkina SV, Higashida H
Title
CD38/cyclic ADP-ribose system: a new player for oxytocin secretion and regulation of social behaviour.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Higashida H, Yokoyama S, Kikuchi M, Munesue T
Title
CD38 and its role in oxytocin secretion and social behavior.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Lopatina O, Inzhutova A, Salmina AB, Higashida H
Title
The roles of oxytocin and CD38 in social or parental behaviors.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Guse AH
Title
Second messenger function and the structure-activity relationship of cyclic adenosine diphosphoribose (cADPR).
Journal
Related pathway
KO pathway