KEGG   PATHWAY: ecb05152
Entry
ecb05152                    Pathway                                
Name
Tuberculosis - Equus caballus (horse)
Description
Tuberculosis, or TB, is an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. One third of the world's population is thought to be infected with TB. About 90% of those infected result in latent infections, and about 10% of latent infections develop active diseases when their immune system is impaired due to the age, other diseases such as AIDS or exposure to immunosuppressive drugs. TB is transmitted through the air and primarily attacks the lungs, then it can spread by the circulatory system to other parts of body. Once TB bacilli have entered the host by the respiratory route and infected macrophages in the lungs, they interfere with phagosomal maturation, antigen presentation, apoptosis and host immune system to establish persistent or latent infection.
Class
Human Diseases; Infectious disease: bacterial
Pathway map
ecb05152  Tuberculosis
ecb05152

Disease
H00342  Tuberculosis
Organism
Equus caballus (horse) [GN:ecb]
Gene
100009693  TLR9; toll-like receptor 9 precursor [KO:K10161]
100009701  TLR2; toll-like receptor 2 precursor [KO:K10159]
100033834  TNF; tumor necrosis factor [KO:K03156]
100033900  TGFB1; transforming growth factor beta-1 precursor [KO:K13375]
100033946  ECATH-2; myeloid cathelicidin 2 precursor [KO:K13916]
100034032  HSPA9; stress-70 protein, mitochondrial [KO:K04043]
100034044  NFYB; nuclear transcription factor Y subunit beta [KO:K08065]
100034072  VDR; vitamin D3 receptor [KO:K08539]
100034083  CASP3; caspase-3 [KO:K02187] [EC:3.4.22.56]
100034100  CYP27B1; 25-hydroxyvitamin D-1 alpha hydroxylase, mitochondrial [KO:K07438] [EC:1.14.15.18]
100034135  ECATH-3; myeloid cathelicidin 3 precursor [KO:K13916]
100034137  FCER1G; high affinity immunoglobulin epsilon receptor subunit gamma precursor [KO:K07983]
100034181  IFNG; interferon gamma precursor [KO:K04687]
100034187  IL10; interleukin-10 precursor [KO:K05443]
100034196  IL6; interleukin-6 precursor [KO:K05405]
100034215  IL12A; interleukin-12 subunit alpha [KO:K05406]
100034216  IL18; interleukin-18 precursor [KO:K05482]
100034222  IL12B; interleukin-12 subunit beta precursor [KO:K05425]
100034230  IL23A; interleukin-23 subunit alpha precursor [KO:K05426]
100034237  IL1B; interleukin-1 beta [KO:K04519]
100049577  TLR1; toll-like receptor 1 precursor [KO:K05398]
100049996  ATP6V0D2; V-type proton ATPase subunit d 2 isoform X1 [KO:K02146]
100050015  RAB7A; ras-related protein Rab-7a [KO:K07897]
100050377  TGFB2; transforming growth factor beta-2 isoform X2 [KO:K13376]
100050934  BCL2; apoptosis regulator Bcl-2 isoform X1 [KO:K02161]
100051086  RIPK2; receptor-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 2 isoform X2 [KO:K08846] [EC:2.7.11.1]
100051110  RAF1; RAF proto-oncogene serine/threonine-protein kinase isoform X1 [KO:K04366] [EC:2.7.11.1]
100051487  JAK2; tyrosine-protein kinase JAK2 isoform X1 [KO:K04447] [EC:2.7.10.2]
100051526  [KO:K06463]
100051733  [KO:K06472]
100051765  TGFB3; transforming growth factor beta-3 [KO:K13377]
100051798  MAPK8; mitogen-activated protein kinase 8 isoform X1 [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
100051944  DRA; MHC class II DR alpha chain precursor [KO:K06752]
100051997  RAB5A; ras-related protein Rab-5A [KO:K07887]
100052006  DRB; MHC class II DR-beta chain precursor [KO:K06752]
100052063  DQA; MHC class II DQ-alpha chain [KO:K06752]
100052125  DQA; MHC class II DQ-alpha chain precursor [KO:K06752]
100052184  DQB; MHC class II DQ-beta chain precursor [KO:K06752]
100052249  DQA; MHC class II DQ-alpha precursor [KO:K06752]
100052296  TRAF6; TNF receptor-associated factor 6 [KO:K03175] [EC:2.3.2.27]
100052310  DRB; MHC class II DR-beta chain precursor [KO:K06752]
100052364  DRB; MHC class II DR-beta chain precursor [KO:K06752]
100052414  IL1B; interleukin-1 beta [KO:K04519]
100052545  IFNB1; interferon beta precursor [KO:K05415]
100052549  IL10RB; interleukin-10 receptor subunit beta isoform X1 [KO:K05135]
100052552  APAF1; apoptotic protease-activating factor 1 [KO:K02084]
100052608  MAPK10; mitogen-activated protein kinase 10 isoform X1 [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
100052658  [KO:K05415]
100052798  CALML4; calmodulin-like protein 4 isoform X2 [KO:K02183]
100052802  ATP6V0A1; V-type proton ATPase 116 kDa subunit a isoform X4 [KO:K02154]
100052818  IFN-ALPHA2; interferon alpha-2 precursor [KO:K05414]
100052921  [KO:K05414]
100053004  RAB5C; ras-related protein Rab-5C [KO:K07889]
100053022  IFNA1; interferon alpha-1 precursor [KO:K05414]
100053039  PIK3C3; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase catalytic subunit type 3 isoform X1 [KO:K00914] [EC:2.7.1.137]
100053110  [KO:K05414]
100053210  [KO:K05414]
100053316  ATP6V0D1; V-type proton ATPase subunit d 1 [KO:K02146]
100053343  RHOA; transforming protein RhoA [KO:K04513]
100053863  CLEC7A; C-type lectin domain family 7 member A isoform X1 [KO:K10074]
100053895  NFYC; nuclear transcription factor Y subunit gamma isoform X2 [KO:K08066]
100053940  MYD88; myeloid differentiation primary response protein MyD88 [KO:K04729]
100053958  CYCS; cytochrome c [KO:K08738]
100054008  JAK1; tyrosine-protein kinase JAK1 isoform X1 [KO:K11217] [EC:2.7.10.2]
100054066  SPHK2; sphingosine kinase 2 isoform X3 [KO:K04718] [EC:2.7.1.91]
100054237  NFYA; nuclear transcription factor Y subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K08064]
100054331  CASP9; caspase-9 [KO:K04399] [EC:3.4.22.62]
100054579  MALT1; mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma translocation protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K07369] [EC:3.4.22.-]
100054674  BAX; apoptosis regulator BAX isoform X1 [KO:K02159]
100054848  IRAK4; interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 4 isoform X1 [KO:K04733] [EC:2.7.11.1]
100054947  ATP6V1H; V-type proton ATPase subunit H isoform X1 [KO:K02144]
100054948  CTSS; cathepsin S [KO:K01368] [EC:3.4.22.27]
100054961  AKT3; RAC-gamma serine/threonine-protein kinase isoform X1 [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
100054988  BID; BH3-interacting domain death agonist [KO:K04726]
100055147  HSPD1; 60 kDa heat shock protein, mitochondrial [KO:K04077] [EC:5.6.1.7]
100055447  BAD; bcl2-associated agonist of cell death [KO:K02158]
100055472  RFX5; DNA-binding protein RFX5 [KO:K08061]
100055626  EP300; histone acetyltransferase p300 isoform X2 [KO:K04498] [EC:2.3.1.48]
100056049  [KO:K06464]
100056128  ITGB2; integrin beta-2 [KO:K06464]
100056239  MAPK12; mitogen-activated protein kinase 12 [KO:K04441] [EC:2.7.11.24]
100056278  MAPK11; mitogen-activated protein kinase 11 isoform X1 [KO:K04441] [EC:2.7.11.24]
100056546  CIITA; MHC class II transactivator isoform X1 [KO:K08060] [EC:2.7.11.1]
100057133  CALML5; calmodulin-like protein 5 [KO:K02183]
100057357  PPP3CC; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2B catalytic subunit gamma isoform isoform X1 [KO:K04348] [EC:3.1.3.16]
100057483  RELA; transcription factor p65 [KO:K04735]
100057701  MAPK1; mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 isoform X2 [KO:K04371] [EC:2.7.11.24]
100057961  MAPK9; mitogen-activated protein kinase 9 isoform X1 [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
100058093  IRAK2; interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase-like 2 isoform X1 [KO:K04731] [EC:2.7.11.1]
100058875  SPHK1; sphingosine kinase 1 isoform X2 [KO:K04718] [EC:2.7.1.91]
100059099  RAB5B; ras-related protein Rab-5B [KO:K07888]
100059123  NOD2; nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-containing protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K10165]
100059262  IRAK1; interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04730] [EC:2.7.11.1]
100059548  TNFRSF1A; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 1A [KO:K03158]
100059796  [KO:K06498]
100060317  PLA2R1; secretory phospholipase A2 receptor isoform X1 [KO:K06560]
100060320  DQB; MHC class II DQ-beta chain precursor [KO:K06752]
100060505  [KO:K03990]
100060531  [KO:K06752]
100060539  [KO:K03990]
100060570  CLEC4E; C-type lectin domain family 4 member E [KO:K10059]
100060697  [KO:K06752]
100060770  [KO:K06752]
100060996  [KO:K06752]
100061035  [KO:K06752]
100061127  [KO:K06752]
100061130  AKT1; RAC-alpha serine/threonine-protein kinase isoform X1 [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
100061140  ATP6V0A2; V-type proton ATPase 116 kDa subunit a [KO:K02154]
100061802  FADD; FAS-associated death domain protein [KO:K02373]
100061837  LAMP2; lysosome-associated membrane glycoprotein 2 isoform X3 [KO:K06528]
100061874  PPP3R1; calcineurin subunit B type 1 [KO:K06268]
100062752  CALM1; calmodulin-1 [KO:K02183]
100063333  IFNGR2; interferon gamma receptor 2 [KO:K05133]
100063383  SYK; tyrosine-protein kinase SYK isoform X3 [KO:K05855] [EC:2.7.10.2]
100063532  MAPK14; mitogen-activated protein kinase 14 isoform X1 [KO:K04441] [EC:2.7.11.24]
100064138  CAMK2G; calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II subunit gamma isoform X13 [KO:K04515] [EC:2.7.11.17]
100064170  CORO1A; coronin-1A [KO:K13882]
100064172  [KO:K13916]
100064204  BCL10; B-cell lymphoma/leukemia 10 [KO:K07368]
100064347  EEA1; early endosome antigen 1 isoform X1 [KO:K12478]
100064468  [KO:K05414]
100064482  CALML6; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: calmodulin-like protein 6 [KO:K02183]
100064503  TIRAP; toll/interleukin-1 receptor domain-containing adapter protein [KO:K05403]
100064551  [KO:K05414]
100064554  TLR6; toll-like receptor 6 [KO:K10169]
100064612  [KO:K05414]
100064671  AKT2; RAC-beta serine/threonine-protein kinase [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
100064731  IFND1; interferon delta 1 precursor [KO:K05414]
100064779  ITGAX; integrin alpha-X precursor [KO:K06462]
100064797  ATP6V0A4; V-type proton ATPase 116 kDa subunit a isoform X1 [KO:K02154]
100064803  ITGAM; integrin alpha-M isoform X1 [KO:K06461]
100064969  IL1A; interleukin-1 alpha precursor [KO:K04383]
100064975  IFND2; interferon-delta 2 precursor [KO:K05414]
100064998  MRC2; C-type mannose receptor 2 isoform X1 [KO:K06560]
100065733  [KO:K06472]
100065783  ATP6V0C; V-type proton ATPase 16 kDa proteolipid subunit [KO:K02155]
100065793  PLK3; serine/threonine-protein kinase PLK3 [KO:K08862] [EC:2.7.11.21]
100065824  TRADD; tumor necrosis factor receptor type 1-associated DEATH domain protein isoform X1 [KO:K03171]
100066173  MAPK3; mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 [KO:K04371] [EC:2.7.11.24]
100066388  CREB1; cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 1 [KO:K05870]
100066502  CASP8; caspase-8 [KO:K04398] [EC:3.4.22.61]
100066738  [KO:K06563]
100066890  TLR4; toll-like receptor 4 precursor [KO:K10160]
100067211  LAMP1; lysosome-associated membrane glycoprotein 1 [KO:K06528]
100067434  PPP3CA; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2B catalytic subunit alpha isoform isoform X4 [KO:K04348] [EC:3.1.3.16]
100067894  NFKB1; nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunit isoform X4 [KO:K02580]
100068201  CASP10; caspase-10 [KO:K04400] [EC:3.4.22.63]
100068247  MRC1; macrophage mannose receptor 1 [KO:K06560]
100068666  CARD9; caspase recruitment domain-containing protein 9 isoform X1 [KO:K12794]
100069613  CREBBP; CREB-binding protein isoform X1 [KO:K04498] [EC:2.3.1.48]
100069633  STAT1; signal transducer and activator of transcription 1-alpha/beta [KO:K11220]
100069652  RFXANK; DNA-binding protein RFXANK isoform X1 [KO:K08062]
100069870  SRC; proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase Src isoform X1 [KO:K05704] [EC:2.7.10.2]
100070103  LBP; lipopolysaccharide-binding protein [KO:K05399]
100070140  [KO:K05399]
100070422  [KO:K02183]
100071150  CALM3; calmodulin-3 [KO:K02183]
100071172  IL10RA; interleukin-10 receptor subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K05134]
100071474  CEBPB; CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein beta isoform X1 [KO:K10048]
100071503  ARHGEF12; rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 12 isoform X2 [KO:K07532]
100071644  CD74; HLA class II histocompatibility antigen gamma chain [KO:K06505]
100071654  CAMK2A; calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K04515] [EC:2.7.11.17]
100071912  KSR1; kinase suppressor of Ras 1 isoform X4 [KO:K14958]
100072618  CAMK2D; calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II subunit delta isoform X6 [KO:K04515] [EC:2.7.11.17]
100072862  PPP3CB; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2B catalytic subunit beta isoform isoform X1 [KO:K04348] [EC:3.1.3.16]
100073195  IFNGR1; interferon gamma receptor 1 [KO:K05132]
100146368  CAMK2B; calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II subunit beta isoform X1 [KO:K04515] [EC:2.7.11.17]
100146553  ATP6V0B; V-type proton ATPase 21 kDa proteolipid subunit [KO:K03661]
100146643  [KO:K06856]
100146660  TCIRG1; V-type proton ATPase 116 kDa subunit a isoform X1 [KO:K02154]
100147174  [KO:K05415]
100147417  [KO:K06472]
100147535  LSP1; lymphocyte-specific protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K14957]
100629145  CALM2; calmodulin-2 [KO:K02183]
100629639  CTSD; cathepsin D [KO:K01379] [EC:3.4.23.5]
100629660  CD209; CD209 antigen isoform X1 [KO:K06563]
100629885  [KO:K05414]
100629951  [KO:K05414]
100630219  CD14; monocyte differentiation antigen CD14 precursor [KO:K04391]
100630677  ATP6AP1; V-type proton ATPase subunit S1 [KO:K03662]
100630820  CEBPG; CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein gamma [KO:K10049]
102148270  PPP3R2; calcineurin subunit B type 2 [KO:K06268]
102150150  [KO:K12560]
106782043  [KO:K07983]
106782258  MAPK13; mitogen-activated protein kinase 13 [KO:K04441] [EC:2.7.11.24]
106783153  CR1L; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: complement component receptor 1-like protein [KO:K04011]
111767457  [KO:K06752]
111767791  [KO:K04391]
111768185  [KO:K04519]
111768487  [KO:K13916]
111768755  [KO:K08738]
111771316  [KO:K13376]
111771935  [KO:K10160]
111772122  [KO:K04391]
111773647  [KO:K06498]
791246  NOS2; nitric oxide synthase, inducible [KO:K13241] [EC:1.14.13.39]
Compound
C00076  Calcium cation
C00338  Lipopolysaccharide
C01194  1-Phosphatidyl-D-myo-inositol
C01561  Calcidiol
C01673  Calcitriol
C04549  1-Phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 3-phosphate
C06124  Sphingosine 1-phosphate
C19190  Trehalose-6,6'-dibehenate
C21790  Mycobacterial trehalose dimycolate
G13101  Lipomannan
G13105  Triacylated phosphatidyl-myo-inositol pentamannoside
G13106  Triacylated phosphatidyl-myo-inositol hexamannoside
G13108  Triacylated phosphatidyl-myo-inositol dimannoside
G13109  Tetraacylated phosphatidyl-myo-inositol dimannoside
G13112  Tetraacylated phosphatidyl-myo-inositol hexamannoside
G13113  Tetraacylated phosphatidyl-myo-inositol pentamannoside
G13114  Lipoarabinomannan
G13115  Mannose-capped lipoarabinomannan
Reference
PMID:21274449
  Authors
Saiga H, Shimada Y, Takeda K
  Title
Innate immune effectors in mycobacterial infection.
  Journal
Clin Dev Immunol 2011:347594 (2011)
DOI:10.1155/2011/347594
Reference
PMID:20415982
  Authors
Dheda K, Schwander SK, Zhu B, van Zyl-Smit RN, Zhang Y
  Title
The immunology of tuberculosis: from bench to bedside.
  Journal
Respirology 15:433-50 (2010)
DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1843.2010.01739.x
Reference
PMID:11932234
  Authors
van Crevel R, Ottenhoff TH, van der Meer JW
  Title
Innate immunity to Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
  Journal
Clin Microbiol Rev 15:294-309 (2002)
DOI:10.1128/CMR.15.2.294-309.2002
Reference
PMID:18288961
  Authors
Torrelles JB, Azad AK, Henning LN, Carlson TK, Schlesinger LS
  Title
Role of C-type lectins in mycobacterial infections.
  Journal
Curr Drug Targets 9:102-12 (2008)
DOI:10.2174/138945008783502467
Reference
PMID:17359235
  Authors
Jo EK, Yang CS, Choi CH, Harding CV
  Title
Intracellular signalling cascades regulating innate immune responses to Mycobacteria: branching out from Toll-like receptors.
  Journal
Cell Microbiol 9:1087-98 (2007)
DOI:10.1111/j.1462-5822.2007.00914.x
Reference
PMID:21274433
  Authors
Marakalala MJ, Graham LM, Brown GD
  Title
The role of Syk/CARD9-coupled C-type lectin receptors in immunity to Mycobacterium tuberculosis infections.
  Journal
Clin Dev Immunol 2010:567571 (2010)
DOI:10.1155/2010/567571
Reference
PMID:15083155
  Authors
Koul A, Herget T, Klebl B, Ullrich A
  Title
Interplay between mycobacteria and host signalling pathways.
  Journal
Nat Rev Microbiol 2:189-202 (2004)
DOI:10.1038/nrmicro840
Reference
PMID:20199890
  Authors
Torrelles JB, Schlesinger LS
  Title
Diversity in Mycobacterium tuberculosis mannosylated cell wall determinants impacts adaptation to the host.
  Journal
Tuberculosis (Edinb) 90:84-93 (2010)
DOI:10.1016/j.tube.2010.02.003
Reference
PMID:15228522
  Authors
Briken V, Porcelli SA, Besra GS, Kremer L
  Title
Mycobacterial lipoarabinomannan and related lipoglycans: from biogenesis to modulation of the immune response.
  Journal
Mol Microbiol 53:391-403 (2004)
DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2958.2004.04183.x
Reference
PMID:19563525
  Authors
Baena A, Porcelli SA
  Title
Evasion and subversion of antigen presentation by Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
  Journal
Tissue Antigens 74:189-204 (2009)
DOI:10.1111/j.1399-0039.2009.01301.x
Reference
PMID:19369951
  Authors
Flannagan RS, Cosio G, Grinstein S
  Title
Antimicrobial mechanisms of phagocytes and bacterial evasion strategies.
  Journal
Nat Rev Microbiol 7:355-66 (2009)
DOI:10.1038/nrmicro2128
Reference
PMID:18541216
  Authors
Pieters J
  Title
Mycobacterium tuberculosis and the macrophage: maintaining a balance.
  Journal
Cell Host Microbe 3:399-407 (2008)
DOI:10.1016/j.chom.2008.05.006
Reference
PMID:19634703
  Authors
Scherr N, Jayachandran R, Mueller P, Pieters J
  Title
Interference of Mycobacterium tuberculosis with macrophage responses.
  Journal
Indian J Exp Biol 47:401-6 (2009)
Reference
PMID:16200082
  Authors
Reith W, LeibundGut-Landmann S, Waldburger JM.
  Title
Regulation of MHC class II gene expression by the class II transactivator.
  Journal
Nat Rev Immunol 5:793-806 (2005)
DOI:10.1038/nri1708
Reference
PMID:17785780
  Authors
Rothfuchs AG, Bafica A, Feng CG, Egen JG, Williams DL, Brown GD, Sher A
  Title
Dectin-1 interaction with Mycobacterium tuberculosis leads to enhanced IL-12p40 production by splenic dendritic cells.
  Journal
J Immunol 179:3463-71 (2007)
DOI:10.4049/jimmunol.179.6.3463
Reference
PMID:18407066
  Authors
Master SS, Rampini SK, Davis AS, Keller C, Ehlers S, Springer B, Timmins GS, Sander P, Deretic V
  Title
Mycobacterium tuberculosis prevents inflammasome activation.
  Journal
Cell Host Microbe 3:224-32 (2008)
DOI:10.1016/j.chom.2008.03.003
Reference
PMID:11378475
  Authors
Shtrichman R, Samuel CE
  Title
The role of gamma interferon in antimicrobial immunity.
  Journal
Curr Opin Microbiol 4:251-9 (2001)
DOI:10.1016/S1369-5274(00)00199-5
Related
pathway
ecb04010  MAPK signaling pathway
ecb04210  Apoptosis
ecb04612  Antigen processing and presentation
ecb04620  Toll-like receptor signaling pathway
ecb04621  NOD-like receptor signaling pathway
ecb04630  JAK-STAT signaling pathway
KO pathway
ko05152   

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