KEGG   PATHWAY: pon04510
Entry
pon04510                    Pathway                                
Name
Focal adhesion - Pongo abelii (Sumatran orangutan)
Description
Cell-matrix adhesions play essential roles in important biological processes including cell motility, cell proliferation, cell differentiation, regulation of gene expression and cell survival. At the cell-extracellular matrix contact points, specialized structures are formed and termed focal adhesions, where bundles of actin filaments are anchored to transmembrane receptors of the integrin family through a multi-molecular complex of junctional plaque proteins. Some of the constituents of focal adhesions participate in the structural link between membrane receptors and the actin cytoskeleton, while others are signalling molecules, including different protein kinases and phosphatases, their substrates, and various adapter proteins. Integrin signaling is dependent upon the non-receptor tyrosine kinase activities of the FAK and src proteins as well as the adaptor protein functions of FAK, src and Shc to initiate downstream signaling events. These signalling events culminate in reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton; a prerequisite for changes in cell shape and motility, and gene expression. Similar morphological alterations and modulation of gene expression are initiated by the binding of growth factors to their respective receptors, emphasizing the considerable crosstalk between adhesion- and growth factor-mediated signalling.
Class
Cellular Processes; Cellular community - eukaryotes
Pathway map
pon04510  Focal adhesion
pon04510

Other DBs
GO: 0005925
Organism
Pongo abelii (Sumatran orangutan) [GN:pon]
Gene
100438152  COL1A1; collagen alpha-1(I) chain isoform X1 [KO:K06236]
100439107  COL1A2; collagen alpha-2(I) chain [KO:K06236]
100433193  COL2A1; collagen alpha-1(II) chain isoform X2 [KO:K19719]
100457450  COL4A6; collagen alpha-6(IV) chain isoform X1 [KO:K06237]
100457807  COL4A5; collagen alpha-5(IV) chain isoform X3 [KO:K06237]
100444160  COL4A1; collagen alpha-1(IV) chain [KO:K06237]
100444523  COL4A2; collagen alpha-2(IV) chain [KO:K06237]
100443710  COL4A4; collagen alpha-4(IV) chain [KO:K06237]
100444077  COL4A3; collagen alpha-3(IV) chain [KO:K06237]
100460129  COL6A1; collagen alpha-1(VI) chain [KO:K06238]
100461602  COL6A2; collagen alpha-2(VI) chain isoform X1 [KO:K06238]
100459849  COL6A3; collagen alpha-3(VI) chain isoform X1 [KO:K06238]
100434628  COL6A6; collagen alpha-6(VI) chain [KO:K06238]
100431604  COL6A5; collagen alpha-5(VI) chain isoform X1 [KO:K06238]
100461955  collagen alpha-4(VI) chain-like [KO:K06238]
100431991  COL9A3; collagen alpha-3(IX) chain [KO:K08131]
100446946  COL9A1; collagen alpha-1(IX) chain [KO:K08131]
100445025  COL9A2; collagen alpha-2(IX) chain isoform X1 [KO:K08131]
100438698  LAMA1; laminin subunit alpha-1 [KO:K05637]
100458901  LAMA2; laminin subunit alpha-2 isoform X1 [KO:K05637]
100439539  LAMA3; laminin subunit alpha-3 [KO:K06240]
100456580  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: laminin subunit alpha-5-like [KO:K06240]
100458670  LAMB1; laminin subunit beta-1 [KO:K05636]
100441641  LAMB2; laminin subunit beta-2 isoform X1 [KO:K06243]
100434204  LAMB3; laminin subunit beta-3 [KO:K06244]
100461994  LAMB4; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: laminin subunit beta-4 [KO:K06245]
100446999  LAMC1; laminin subunit gamma-1 [KO:K05635]
100446634  LAMC2; laminin subunit gamma-2 [KO:K06246]
100441462  LAMC3; laminin subunit gamma-3 [KO:K06247]
100456207  CHAD; chondroadherin [KO:K06248]
100447813  RELN; reelin isoform X1 [KO:K06249] [EC:3.4.21.-]
100453386  THBS1; thrombospondin-1 [KO:K16857]
100461836  THBS4; thrombospondin-4 [KO:K04659]
100443331  THBS3; thrombospondin-3 [KO:K04659]
100447159  COMP; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: cartilage oligomeric matrix protein [KO:K04659]
100455895  THBS2; thrombospondin-2 [KO:K04659]
100449704  FN1; fibronectin isoform X1 [KO:K05717]
100189638  SPP1; osteopontin precursor [KO:K06250]
100174092  VTN; vitronectin precursor [KO:K06251]
100451868  TNC; tenascin isoform X4 [KO:K06252]
100443502  TNXB; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: tenascin-X [KO:K06252]
100452638  TNR; tenascin-R isoform X1 [KO:K06252]
100453010  TNN; tenascin-N isoform X1 [KO:K06252]
100434817  VWF; von Willebrand factor precursor [KO:K03900]
100432105  IBSP; bone sialoprotein 2 [KO:K06253]
100439453  ITGA1; integrin alpha-1 [KO:K06480]
100452800  ITGA2B; integrin alpha-IIb [KO:K06476]
100459915  ITGA3; integrin alpha-3 [KO:K06482]
100441139  ITGA4; integrin alpha-4 isoform X1 [KO:K06483]
100453984  ITGA5; integrin alpha-5 [KO:K06484]
100442478  ITGA6; integrin alpha-6 isoform X1 [KO:K06485]
100439761  ITGA7; integrin alpha-7 isoform X1 [KO:K06583]
100442074  ITGA8; integrin alpha-8 isoform X1 [KO:K06584]
100433501  ITGA9; integrin alpha-9 [KO:K06585]
100461052  ITGA10; integrin alpha-10 isoform X1 [KO:K06586]
100454617  ITGA11; integrin alpha-11 isoform X1 [KO:K06587]
100451792  ITGAV; integrin alpha-V [KO:K06487]
100172223  ITGB1; integrin beta-1 precursor [KO:K05719]
100445345  ITGB3; integrin beta-3 [KO:K06493]
100453768  ITGB4; integrin beta-4 isoform X1 [KO:K06525]
100449826  ITGB5; integrin beta-5 [KO:K06588]
100171913  ITGB6; integrin beta-6 [KO:K06589]
100440010  ITGB7; integrin beta-7 [KO:K06590]
100459025  ITGB8; integrin beta-8 [KO:K06591]
100440031  EMP2; epithelial membrane protein 2 [KO:K26256]
100440212  PDGFA; platelet-derived growth factor subunit A isoform X1 [KO:K04359]
100460243  PDGFB; platelet-derived growth factor subunit B [KO:K17386]
100437861  PDGFC; platelet-derived growth factor C [KO:K05450]
100172718  PDGFD; platelet-derived growth factor D precursor [KO:K05450]
100455021  EGF; pro-epidermal growth factor isoform X1 [KO:K04357]
100444645  IGF1; insulin-like growth factor I isoform X2 [KO:K05459]
100448769  VEGFA; vascular endothelial growth factor A isoform X1 [KO:K05448]
100456050  VEGFB; vascular endothelial growth factor B isoform X2 [KO:K16858]
100440872  PGF; placenta growth factor isoform X1 [KO:K16859]
100453191  VEGFC; vascular endothelial growth factor C isoform X1 [KO:K05449]
100433743  VEGFD; vascular endothelial growth factor D [KO:K05449]
100462115  HGF; hepatocyte growth factor isoform X1 [KO:K05460]
100431735  PDGFRA; platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha [KO:K04363] [EC:2.7.10.1]
100460001  PDGFRB; platelet-derived growth factor receptor beta isoform X1 [KO:K05089] [EC:2.7.10.1]
100172156  IGF1R; insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor [KO:K05087] [EC:2.7.10.1]
100462446  KDR; vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 [KO:K05098] [EC:2.7.10.1]
100459280  EGFR; epidermal growth factor receptor isoform X2 [KO:K04361] [EC:2.7.10.1]
100456061  FLT1; vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1 isoform X1 [KO:K05096] [EC:2.7.10.1]
100462098  FLT4; vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 3 isoform X1 [KO:K05097] [EC:2.7.10.1]
100137030  MET; hepatocyte growth factor receptor precursor [KO:K05099] [EC:2.7.10.1]
100450307  ERBB2; receptor tyrosine-protein kinase erbB-2 isoform X1 [KO:K05083] [EC:2.7.10.1]
100174335  EMP1; epithelial membrane protein 1 [KO:K26255]
100436498  SRC; proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase Src isoform X1 [KO:K05704] [EC:2.7.10.2]
100450933  ARHGAP35; rho GTPase-activating protein 35 [KO:K05732]
100449795  ARHGAP5; rho GTPase-activating protein 5 isoform X1 [KO:K13709]
100171605  RHOA; transforming protein RhoA precursor [KO:K04513]
100437504  DIAPH1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: protein diaphanous homolog 1 [KO:K05740]
100432582  ROCK1; rho-associated protein kinase 1 [KO:K04514] [EC:2.7.11.1]
100461801  ROCK2; rho-associated protein kinase 2 isoform X1 [KO:K17388] [EC:2.7.11.1]
100462280  MYL2; myosin regulatory light chain 2, ventricular/cardiac muscle isoform [KO:K10351]
100455740  MYL5; myosin light chain 5 isoform X2 [KO:K12753]
112134321  MYL7; myosin regulatory light chain 2, atrial isoform isoform X1 [KO:K12754]
100172462  MYL9; myosin regulatory light polypeptide 9 [KO:K12755]
100442785  MYL10; myosin regulatory light chain 10 [KO:K12756]
100450310  myosin regulatory light chain 12B [KO:K12757]
100172271  MYL12A; myosin regulatory light chain 12A [KO:K12757]
100432987  myosin regulatory light chain 12B isoform X1 [KO:K12757]
100449813  MYLPF; myosin regulatory light chain 2, skeletal muscle isoform [KO:K12758]
100173410  PPP1CB; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase PP1-beta catalytic subunit [KO:K06269] [EC:3.1.3.16]
100459799  PPP1CA; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase PP1-alpha catalytic subunit [KO:K06269] [EC:3.1.3.16]
100458223  PPP1CC; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase PP1-gamma catalytic subunit [KO:K06269] [EC:3.1.3.16]
100172617  PPP1R12A; protein phosphatase 1 regulatory subunit 12A isoform X1 [KO:K06270]
103890237  PPP1R12B; protein phosphatase 1 regulatory subunit 12B isoform X1 [KO:K12329]
100444334  PPP1R12C; protein phosphatase 1 regulatory subunit 12C isoform X1 [KO:K17457]
100444714  MYLK4; myosin light chain kinase family member 4 [KO:K00907] [EC:2.7.11.18]
100453783  MYLK2; myosin light chain kinase 2, skeletal/cardiac muscle [KO:K00907] [EC:2.7.11.18]
100171951  MYLK3; myosin light chain kinase 3 [KO:K00907] [EC:2.7.11.18]
100452913  MYLK; myosin light chain kinase, smooth muscle isoform X1 [KO:K00907] [EC:2.7.11.18]
100456775  PIP5K1A; phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate 5-kinase type-1 alpha isoform X3 [KO:K00889] [EC:2.7.1.68]
100432274  PIP5K1B; phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate 5-kinase type-1 beta [KO:K00889] [EC:2.7.1.68]
100435603  PIP5K1C; phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate 5-kinase type-1 gamma isoform X1 [KO:K00889] [EC:2.7.1.68]
100443776  putative PIP5K1A and PSMD4-like protein [KO:K00889] [EC:2.7.1.68]
100444466  phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate 5-kinase type-1 alpha isoform X1 [KO:K00889] [EC:2.7.1.68]
100441387  ACTG1; actin, cytoplasmic 2 [KO:K05692]
100173832  ACTB; actin, cytoplasmic 1 [KO:K05692]
100461675  RASGRF1; ras-specific guanine nucleotide-releasing factor 1 isoform X3 [KO:K04349]
100445754  CAPN2; calpain-2 catalytic subunit [KO:K03853] [EC:3.4.22.53]
100174343  ACTN4; alpha-actinin-4 [KO:K05699]
100460195  ACTN1; alpha-actinin-1 isoform X1 [KO:K05699]
100451531  TLN2; talin-2 isoform X1 [KO:K06271]
100441699  TLN1; talin-1 [KO:K06271]
100446579  FLNA; filamin-A isoform X1 [KO:K04437]
100436976  FLNB; filamin-B isoform X1 [KO:K27392]
100173313  PXN; paxillin [KO:K05760]
100173674  ILK; integrin-linked protein kinase [KO:K06272] [EC:2.7.11.1]
100457348  ZYX; zyxin [KO:K06273]
100462324  VASP; vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein isoform X1 [KO:K06274]
100432920  VCL; vinculin isoform X1 [KO:K05700]
100440681  PARVB; beta-parvin isoform X1 [KO:K06275]
100442391  PARVG; gamma-parvin [KO:K06275]
100437677  PARVA; alpha-parvin [KO:K06275]
100452403  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: 3-phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase 1 [KO:K06276] [EC:2.7.11.1]
112129400  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: putative 3-phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase 2 [KO:K06276] [EC:2.7.11.1]
100454279  AKT2; RAC-beta serine/threonine-protein kinase isoform X1 [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
100448114  AKT3; RAC-gamma serine/threonine-protein kinase [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
100442100  AKT1; RAC-alpha serine/threonine-protein kinase isoform X1 [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
100447772  GSK3B; glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta isoform X1 [KO:K03083] [EC:2.7.11.26]
100173739  CTNNB1; catenin beta-1 [KO:K02105]
100434355  PRKCA; protein kinase C alpha type isoform X1 [KO:K02677] [EC:2.7.11.13]
100439900  PRKCB; protein kinase C beta type isoform X2 [KO:K19662] [EC:2.7.11.13]
100451563  PRKCG; protein kinase C gamma type [KO:K19663] [EC:2.7.11.13]
100447959  PTK2; focal adhesion kinase 1 isoform X1 [KO:K05725] [EC:2.7.10.2]
100432846  PIK3CB; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit beta isoform isoform X1 [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
100453779  PIK3CA; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha isoform [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
103889133  PIK3CD; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit delta isoform isoform X1 [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
100174298  PIK3R3; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit gamma [KO:K02649]
100173589  PIK3R1; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit alpha [KO:K02649]
100437617  PIK3R2; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit beta [KO:K02649]
100171828  PTEN; phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate 3-phosphatase and dual-specificity protein phosphatase PTEN [KO:K01110] [EC:3.1.3.16 3.1.3.48 3.1.3.67]
100442703  VAV3; guanine nucleotide exchange factor VAV3 [KO:K05730]
100171723  VAV2; guanine nucleotide exchange factor VAV2 [KO:K05730]
100447155  VAV1; proto-oncogene vav isoform X1 [KO:K05730]
100443271  RAC1; ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 [KO:K04392]
100431483  RAC2; ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 2 [KO:K07860]
112129584  RAC3; ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 3 isoform X1 [KO:K07861]
100449316  PAK1; serine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04409] [EC:2.7.11.1]
100439815  PAK2; serine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 2 [KO:K04410] [EC:2.7.11.1]
100294571  PAK3; serine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 3 [KO:K05733] [EC:2.7.11.1]
100457556  PAK4; serine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 4 isoform X1 [KO:K05734] [EC:2.7.11.1]
100174593  PAK7; serine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 7 [KO:K05736] [EC:2.7.11.1]
100172971  PAK6; serine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 6 [KO:K05735] [EC:2.7.11.1]
100438199  CDC42; cell division control protein 42 homolog [KO:K04393]
103889518  BCAR1; breast cancer anti-estrogen resistance protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K05726]
100452410  CRK; adapter molecule crk isoform X1 [KO:K04438]
100443298  CRKL; crk-like protein [KO:K04438]
100462022  DOCK1; dedicator of cytokinesis protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K13708]
100444262  RAPGEF1; rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1 isoform X1 [KO:K06277]
100433839  RAP1A; ras-related protein Rap-1A [KO:K04353]
100171907  RAP1B; ras-related protein Rap-1b precursor [KO:K07836]
100174482  MAPK10; mitogen-activated protein kinase 10 [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
100459133  MAPK9; mitogen-activated protein kinase 9 isoform X1 [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
100437424  MAPK8; mitogen-activated protein kinase 8 isoform X1 [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
100450292  JUN; transcription factor AP-1 [KO:K04448]
100442288  BRAF; serine/threonine-protein kinase B-raf isoform X1 [KO:K04365] [EC:2.7.11.1]
100137027  CAV1; caveolin-1 [KO:K06278]
100137028  CAV2; caveolin-2 [KO:K12958]
100440174  CAV3; caveolin-3 [KO:K12959]
100439712  FYN; tyrosine-protein kinase Fyn isoform X1 [KO:K05703] [EC:2.7.10.2]
100173225  SHC1; SHC-transforming protein 1 [KO:K06279]
100445042  SHC2; SHC-transforming protein 2 [KO:K17447]
100462011  SHC3; SHC-transforming protein 3 [KO:K17448]
100431574  SHC4; SHC-transforming protein 4 [KO:K17449]
100173972  GRB2; growth factor receptor-bound protein 2 [KO:K04364]
100434331  SOS2; son of sevenless homolog 2 isoform X1 [KO:K03099]
100458733  SOS1; son of sevenless homolog 1 isoform X1 [KO:K03099]
100459427  HRAS; GTPase HRas [KO:K02833]
100173732  RAF1; RAF proto-oncogene serine/threonine-protein kinase [KO:K04366] [EC:2.7.11.1]
100446021  MAP2K1; dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1 [KO:K04368] [EC:2.7.12.2]
100169740  MAPK1; mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04371] [EC:2.7.11.24]
100431824  MAPK3; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 [KO:K04371] [EC:2.7.11.24]
100432611  ELK1; ETS domain-containing protein Elk-1 [KO:K04375]
100171625  CCND1; G1/S-specific cyclin-D1 [KO:K04503]
100457978  CCND2; G1/S-specific cyclin-D2 [KO:K10151]
100452570  CCND3; G1/S-specific cyclin-D3 isoform X1 [KO:K10152]
100457858  BIRC2; baculoviral IAP repeat-containing protein 2 [KO:K16060]
100457249  BIRC3; baculoviral IAP repeat-containing protein 3 isoform X1 [KO:K16060]
100449741  XIAP; E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase XIAP isoform X1 [KO:K04725] [EC:2.3.2.27]
100937717  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase XIAP [KO:K04725] [EC:2.3.2.27]
100454097  BAD; bcl2-associated agonist of cell death [KO:K02158]
100938429  BCL2; apoptosis regulator Bcl-2 isoform X1 [KO:K02161]
Compound
C04637  1-Phosphatidyl-D-myo-inositol 4,5-bisphosphate
C05981  Phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate
Reference
  Authors
Berman AE, Kozlova NI, Morozevich GE.
  Title
Integrins: structure and signaling.
  Journal
Biochemistry (Mosc) 68:1284-99 (2003)
DOI:10.1023/b:biry.0000011649.03634.74
Reference
  Authors
Lee JW, Juliano R.
  Title
Mitogenic signal transduction by integrin- and growth factor receptor-mediated pathways.
  Journal
Mol Cells 17:188-202 (2004)
Reference
  Authors
Danen EH, Yamada KM.
  Title
Fibronectin, integrins, and growth control.
  Journal
J Cell Physiol 189:1-13 (2001)
DOI:10.1002/jcp.1137
Reference
  Authors
Guo W, Giancotti FG.
  Title
Integrin signalling during tumour progression.
  Journal
Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 5:816-26 (2004)
DOI:10.1038/nrm1490
Reference
  Authors
Petit V, Thiery JP.
  Title
Focal adhesions: structure and dynamics.
  Journal
Biol Cell 92:477-94 (2000)
DOI:10.1016/S0248-4900(00)01101-1
Reference
  Authors
Stupack DG, Cheresh DA.
  Title
Get a ligand, get a life: integrins, signaling and cell survival.
  Journal
J Cell Sci 115:3729-38 (2002)
DOI:10.1242/jcs.00071
Reference
  Authors
Parsons JT.
  Title
Focal adhesion kinase: the first ten years.
  Journal
J Cell Sci 116:1409-16 (2003)
DOI:10.1242/jcs.00373
Reference
  Authors
Mitra SK, Hanson DA, Schlaepfer DD.
  Title
Focal adhesion kinase: in command and control of cell motility.
  Journal
Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 6:56-68 (2005)
DOI:10.1038/nrm1549
Reference
  Authors
Comoglio PM, Boccaccio C, Trusolino L.
  Title
Interactions between growth factor receptors and adhesion molecules: breaking the rules.
  Journal
Curr Opin Cell Biol 15:565-71 (2003)
DOI:10.1016/S0955-0674(03)00096-6
Reference
  Authors
Schlaepfer DD, Mitra SK.
  Title
Multiple connections link FAK to cell motility and invasion.
  Journal
Curr Opin Genet Dev 14:92-101 (2004)
DOI:10.1016/j.gde.2003.12.002
Reference
  Authors
Burridge K, Wennerberg K.
  Title
Rho and Rac take center stage.
  Journal
Cell 116:167-79 (2004)
DOI:10.1016/S0092-8674(04)00003-0
Reference
  Authors
Schmitz AA, Govek EE, Bottner B, Van Aelst L.
  Title
Rho GTPases: signaling, migration, and invasion.
  Journal
Exp Cell Res 261:1-12 (2000)
DOI:10.1006/excr.2000.5049
Reference
  Authors
Vanhaesebroeck B, Alessi DR.
  Title
The PI3K-PDK1 connection: more than just a road to PKB.
  Journal
Biochem J 346 Pt 3:561-76 (2000)
DOI:10.1042/bj3460561
Reference
  Authors
Nicholson KM, Anderson NG.
  Title
The protein kinase B/Akt signalling pathway in human malignancy.
  Journal
Cell Signal 14:381-95 (2002)
DOI:10.1016/S0898-6568(01)00271-6
Reference
  Authors
Oloumi A, McPhee T, Dedhar S.
  Title
Regulation of E-cadherin expression and beta-catenin/Tcf transcriptional activity by the integrin-linked kinase.
  Journal
Biochim Biophys Acta 1691:1-15 (2004)
DOI:10.1016/j.bbamcr.2003.12.002
Reference
  Authors
Turner CE.
  Title
Paxillin and focal adhesion signalling.
  Journal
Nat Cell Biol 2:E231-6 (2000)
DOI:10.1038/35046659
Reference
  Authors
Hlobilkova A, Knillova J, Bartek J, Lukas J, Kolar Z.
  Title
The mechanism of action of the tumour suppressor gene PTEN.
  Journal
Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub 147:19-25 (2003)
Related
pathway
pon04010  MAPK signaling pathway
pon04060  Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction
pon04070  Phosphatidylinositol signaling system
pon04110  Cell cycle
pon04151  PI3K-Akt signaling pathway
pon04310  Wnt signaling pathway
pon04512  ECM-receptor interaction
pon04810  Regulation of actin cytoskeleton
KO pathway
ko04510   

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