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Database: UniProt/SWISS-PROT
Entry: AL1A1_MOUSE
LinkDB: AL1A1_MOUSE
Original site: AL1A1_MOUSE 
ID   AL1A1_MOUSE             Reviewed;         501 AA.
AC   P24549; Q7TQJ0; Q811J0;
DT   01-MAR-1992, integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot.
DT   23-JAN-2007, sequence version 5.
DT   27-MAR-2024, entry version 203.
DE   RecName: Full=Aldehyde dehydrogenase 1A1 {ECO:0000305|PubMed:12851412};
DE            EC=1.2.1.19 {ECO:0000305|PubMed:26430123};
DE            EC=1.2.1.28 {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P00352};
DE            EC=1.2.1.3 {ECO:0000269|PubMed:12851412};
DE            EC=1.2.1.36 {ECO:0000269|PubMed:12851412};
DE   AltName: Full=3-deoxyglucosone dehydrogenase {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P00352};
DE   AltName: Full=ALDH-E1;
DE   AltName: Full=ALHDII;
DE   AltName: Full=Aldehyde dehydrogenase family 1 member A1 {ECO:0000312|MGI:MGI:1353450};
DE   AltName: Full=Aldehyde dehydrogenase, cytosolic {ECO:0000303|PubMed:2055490};
DE   AltName: Full=Retinal dehydrogenase 1 {ECO:0000305|PubMed:12851412};
DE            Short=RALDH 1 {ECO:0000305};
DE            Short=RalDH1 {ECO:0000305};
GN   Name=Aldh1a1 {ECO:0000312|MGI:MGI:1353450}; Synonyms=Ahd-2, Ahd2, Aldh1;
OS   Mus musculus (Mouse).
OC   Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia;
OC   Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha; Muroidea; Muridae;
OC   Murinae; Mus; Mus.
OX   NCBI_TaxID=10090;
RN   [1]
RP   NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA / MRNA].
RC   STRAIN=BALB/cJ, and C57BL/6J; TISSUE=Liver;
RX   PubMed=2055490; DOI=10.1016/0378-1119(91)90421-7;
RA   Rongnoparut P., Weaver S.;
RT   "Isolation and characterization of a cytosolic aldehyde dehydrogenase-
RT   encoding cDNA from mouse liver.";
RL   Gene 101:261-265(1991).
RN   [2]
RP   NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA / MRNA].
RC   STRAIN=129/ReJ, BALB/cJ, and C57BL/6J; TISSUE=Liver;
RX   PubMed=7993664; DOI=10.1006/bmmb.1994.1048;
RA   Bond S.L., Singh S.M.;
RT   "DNA sequence analysis of the cytosolic acetaldehyde dehydrogenase gene
RT   (Ahd-2) in mouse strains with variable ethanol preferences.";
RL   Biochem. Med. Metab. Biol. 52:155-159(1994).
RN   [3]
RP   NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA].
RC   STRAIN=FVB/N; TISSUE=Colon, and Liver;
RX   PubMed=15489334; DOI=10.1101/gr.2596504;
RG   The MGC Project Team;
RT   "The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project:
RT   the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).";
RL   Genome Res. 14:2121-2127(2004).
RN   [4]
RP   PROTEIN SEQUENCE OF 23-52; 140-156; 211-230; 309-320; 330-349; 400-410;
RP   421-435 AND 477-490, SUBCELLULAR LOCATION, AND TISSUE SPECIFICITY.
RC   TISSUE=Embryonic retina;
RX   PubMed=1935685; DOI=10.1242/dev.112.3.693;
RA   McCaffery P., Tempst P., Lara G., Drager U.C.;
RT   "Aldehyde dehydrogenase is a positional marker in the retina.";
RL   Development 112:693-702(1991).
RN   [5]
RP   FUNCTION, CATALYTIC ACTIVITY, PATHWAY, AND DISRUPTION PHENOTYPE.
RX   PubMed=12851412; DOI=10.1074/jbc.m303709200;
RA   Molotkov A., Duester G.;
RT   "Genetic evidence that retinaldehyde dehydrogenase Raldh1 (Aldh1a1)
RT   functions downstream of alcohol dehydrogenase Adh1 in metabolism of retinol
RT   to retinoic acid.";
RL   J. Biol. Chem. 278:36085-36090(2003).
RN   [6]
RP   FUNCTION, TISSUE SPECIFICITY, AND DISRUPTION PHENOTYPE.
RX   PubMed=17567582; DOI=10.1074/jbc.m702076200;
RA   Lassen N., Bateman J.B., Estey T., Kuszak J.R., Nees D.W., Piatigorsky J.,
RA   Duester G., Day B.J., Huang J., Hines L.M., Vasiliou V.;
RT   "Multiple and additive functions of ALDH3A1 and ALDH1A1: cataract phenotype
RT   and ocular oxidative damage in Aldh3a1(-/-)/Aldh1a1(-/-) knock-out mice.";
RL   J. Biol. Chem. 282:25668-25676(2007).
RN   [7]
RP   IDENTIFICATION BY MASS SPECTROMETRY [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS].
RC   TISSUE=Brain, Brown adipose tissue, Heart, Kidney, Liver, Lung, Pancreas,
RC   Spleen, and Testis;
RX   PubMed=21183079; DOI=10.1016/j.cell.2010.12.001;
RA   Huttlin E.L., Jedrychowski M.P., Elias J.E., Goswami T., Rad R.,
RA   Beausoleil S.A., Villen J., Haas W., Sowa M.E., Gygi S.P.;
RT   "A tissue-specific atlas of mouse protein phosphorylation and expression.";
RL   Cell 143:1174-1189(2010).
RN   [8]
RP   FUNCTION, CATALYTIC ACTIVITY, ACTIVITY REGULATION, SUBCELLULAR LOCATION,
RP   TISSUE SPECIFICITY, AND DISRUPTION PHENOTYPE.
RX   PubMed=26430123; DOI=10.1126/science.aac4690;
RA   Kim J.I., Ganesan S., Luo S.X., Wu Y.W., Park E., Huang E.J., Chen L.,
RA   Ding J.B.;
RT   "Aldehyde dehydrogenase 1a1 mediates a GABA synthesis pathway in midbrain
RT   dopaminergic neurons.";
RL   Science 350:102-106(2015).
CC   -!- FUNCTION: Cytosolic dehydrogenase that catalyzes the irreversible
CC       oxidation of a wide range of aldehydes to their corresponding
CC       carboxylic acid (PubMed:12851412). Functions downstream of retinol
CC       dehydrogenases and catalyzes the oxidation of retinaldehyde into
CC       retinoic acid, the second step in the oxidation of retinol/vitamin A
CC       into retinoic acid (PubMed:12851412). This pathway is crucial to
CC       control the levels of retinol and retinoic acid, two important
CC       molecules which excess can be teratogenic and cytotoxic (Probable).
CC       Also oxidizes aldehydes resulting from lipid peroxidation like (E)-4-
CC       hydroxynon-2-enal/HNE, malonaldehyde and hexanal that form protein
CC       adducts and are highly cytotoxic. By participating for instance to the
CC       clearance of (E)-4-hydroxynon-2-enal/HNE in the lens epithelium
CC       prevents the formation of HNE-protein adducts and lens opacification
CC       (PubMed:17567582). Functions also downstream of fructosamine-3-kinase
CC       in the fructosamine degradation pathway by catalyzing the oxidation of
CC       3-deoxyglucosone, the carbohydrate product of fructosamine 3-phosphate
CC       decomposition, which is itself a potent glycating agent that may react
CC       with lysine and arginine side-chains of proteins (By similarity). Has
CC       also an aminobutyraldehyde dehydrogenase activity and is probably part
CC       of an alternative pathway for the biosynthesis of GABA/4-aminobutanoate
CC       in midbrain, thereby playing a role in GABAergic synaptic transmission
CC       (PubMed:26430123). {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P00352,
CC       ECO:0000269|PubMed:12851412, ECO:0000269|PubMed:17567582,
CC       ECO:0000269|PubMed:26430123, ECO:0000305|PubMed:12851412}.
CC   -!- CATALYTIC ACTIVITY:
CC       Reaction=an aldehyde + H2O + NAD(+) = a carboxylate + 2 H(+) + NADH;
CC         Xref=Rhea:RHEA:16185, ChEBI:CHEBI:15377, ChEBI:CHEBI:15378,
CC         ChEBI:CHEBI:17478, ChEBI:CHEBI:29067, ChEBI:CHEBI:57540,
CC         ChEBI:CHEBI:57945; EC=1.2.1.3;
CC         Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:12851412};
CC       PhysiologicalDirection=left-to-right; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:16186;
CC         Evidence={ECO:0000305|PubMed:12851412};
CC   -!- CATALYTIC ACTIVITY:
CC       Reaction=all-trans-retinal + H2O + NAD(+) = all-trans-retinoate + 2
CC         H(+) + NADH; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:42080, ChEBI:CHEBI:15377,
CC         ChEBI:CHEBI:15378, ChEBI:CHEBI:17898, ChEBI:CHEBI:35291,
CC         ChEBI:CHEBI:57540, ChEBI:CHEBI:57945; EC=1.2.1.36;
CC         Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:12851412};
CC       PhysiologicalDirection=left-to-right; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:42081;
CC         Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:12851412};
CC   -!- CATALYTIC ACTIVITY:
CC       Reaction=9-cis-retinal + H2O + NAD(+) = 9-cis-retinoate + 2 H(+) +
CC         NADH; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:42084, ChEBI:CHEBI:15377, ChEBI:CHEBI:15378,
CC         ChEBI:CHEBI:57540, ChEBI:CHEBI:57945, ChEBI:CHEBI:78273,
CC         ChEBI:CHEBI:78630; Evidence={ECO:0000305|PubMed:12851412};
CC       PhysiologicalDirection=left-to-right; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:42085;
CC         Evidence={ECO:0000305|PubMed:12851412};
CC   -!- CATALYTIC ACTIVITY:
CC       Reaction=11-cis-retinal + H2O + NAD(+) = 11-cis-retinoate + 2 H(+) +
CC         NADH; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:47132, ChEBI:CHEBI:15377, ChEBI:CHEBI:15378,
CC         ChEBI:CHEBI:16066, ChEBI:CHEBI:57540, ChEBI:CHEBI:57945,
CC         ChEBI:CHEBI:87435; Evidence={ECO:0000305|PubMed:12851412};
CC       PhysiologicalDirection=left-to-right; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:47133;
CC         Evidence={ECO:0000305|PubMed:12851412};
CC   -!- CATALYTIC ACTIVITY:
CC       Reaction=13-cis-retinal + H2O + NAD(+) = 13-cis-retinoate + 2 H(+) +
CC         NADH; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:67332, ChEBI:CHEBI:15377, ChEBI:CHEBI:15378,
CC         ChEBI:CHEBI:45487, ChEBI:CHEBI:57540, ChEBI:CHEBI:57945,
CC         ChEBI:CHEBI:169952; Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q8HYE4};
CC       PhysiologicalDirection=left-to-right; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:67333;
CC         Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q8HYE4};
CC   -!- CATALYTIC ACTIVITY:
CC       Reaction=4-aminobutanal + H2O + NAD(+) = 4-aminobutanoate + 2 H(+) +
CC         NADH; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:19105, ChEBI:CHEBI:15377, ChEBI:CHEBI:15378,
CC         ChEBI:CHEBI:57540, ChEBI:CHEBI:57945, ChEBI:CHEBI:58264,
CC         ChEBI:CHEBI:59888; EC=1.2.1.19;
CC         Evidence={ECO:0000305|PubMed:26430123};
CC       PhysiologicalDirection=left-to-right; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:19106;
CC         Evidence={ECO:0000305|PubMed:26430123};
CC   -!- CATALYTIC ACTIVITY:
CC       Reaction=3-deoxyglucosone + H2O + NAD(+) = 2-dehydro-3-deoxy-D-
CC         gluconate + 2 H(+) + NADH; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:67244, ChEBI:CHEBI:15377,
CC         ChEBI:CHEBI:15378, ChEBI:CHEBI:57540, ChEBI:CHEBI:57945,
CC         ChEBI:CHEBI:57990, ChEBI:CHEBI:60777;
CC         Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P00352};
CC       PhysiologicalDirection=left-to-right; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:67245;
CC         Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P00352};
CC   -!- CATALYTIC ACTIVITY:
CC       Reaction=(E)-4-hydroxynon-2-enal + H2O + NAD(+) = (E)-4-hydroxynon-2-
CC         enoate + 2 H(+) + NADH; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:67248, ChEBI:CHEBI:15377,
CC         ChEBI:CHEBI:15378, ChEBI:CHEBI:57540, ChEBI:CHEBI:57945,
CC         ChEBI:CHEBI:58968, ChEBI:CHEBI:142920;
CC         Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P00352};
CC       PhysiologicalDirection=left-to-right; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:67249;
CC         Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P00352};
CC   -!- CATALYTIC ACTIVITY:
CC       Reaction=H2O + malonaldehyde + NAD(+) = 3-oxopropanoate + 2 H(+) +
CC         NADH; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:67252, ChEBI:CHEBI:15377, ChEBI:CHEBI:15378,
CC         ChEBI:CHEBI:33190, ChEBI:CHEBI:57540, ChEBI:CHEBI:57945,
CC         ChEBI:CHEBI:566274; Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P00352};
CC       PhysiologicalDirection=left-to-right; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:67253;
CC         Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P00352};
CC   -!- CATALYTIC ACTIVITY:
CC       Reaction=H2O + hexanal + NAD(+) = 2 H(+) + hexanoate + NADH;
CC         Xref=Rhea:RHEA:67276, ChEBI:CHEBI:15377, ChEBI:CHEBI:15378,
CC         ChEBI:CHEBI:17120, ChEBI:CHEBI:57540, ChEBI:CHEBI:57945,
CC         ChEBI:CHEBI:88528; Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P00352};
CC       PhysiologicalDirection=left-to-right; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:67277;
CC         Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P00352};
CC   -!- CATALYTIC ACTIVITY:
CC       Reaction=H2O + NAD(+) + propanal = 2 H(+) + NADH + propanoate;
CC         Xref=Rhea:RHEA:67256, ChEBI:CHEBI:15377, ChEBI:CHEBI:15378,
CC         ChEBI:CHEBI:17153, ChEBI:CHEBI:17272, ChEBI:CHEBI:57540,
CC         ChEBI:CHEBI:57945; Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P00352};
CC       PhysiologicalDirection=left-to-right; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:67257;
CC         Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P00352};
CC   -!- CATALYTIC ACTIVITY:
CC       Reaction=acetaldehyde + H2O + NAD(+) = acetate + 2 H(+) + NADH;
CC         Xref=Rhea:RHEA:25294, ChEBI:CHEBI:15343, ChEBI:CHEBI:15377,
CC         ChEBI:CHEBI:15378, ChEBI:CHEBI:30089, ChEBI:CHEBI:57540,
CC         ChEBI:CHEBI:57945; EC=1.2.1.3;
CC         Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P00352};
CC       PhysiologicalDirection=left-to-right; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:25295;
CC         Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P00352};
CC   -!- CATALYTIC ACTIVITY:
CC       Reaction=benzaldehyde + H2O + NAD(+) = benzoate + 2 H(+) + NADH;
CC         Xref=Rhea:RHEA:11840, ChEBI:CHEBI:15377, ChEBI:CHEBI:15378,
CC         ChEBI:CHEBI:16150, ChEBI:CHEBI:17169, ChEBI:CHEBI:57540,
CC         ChEBI:CHEBI:57945; EC=1.2.1.28;
CC         Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P00352};
CC       PhysiologicalDirection=left-to-right; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:11841;
CC         Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P00352};
CC   -!- ACTIVITY REGULATION: The aminobutyraldehyde dehydrogenase activity is
CC       negatively regulated by ethanol in vivo. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:26430123}.
CC   -!- PATHWAY: Cofactor metabolism; retinol metabolism.
CC       {ECO:0000269|PubMed:12851412}.
CC   -!- SUBUNIT: Homotetramer (By similarity). Interacts with PRMT3; the
CC       interaction is direct, inhibits ALDH1A1 aldehyde dehydrogenase activity
CC       and is independent of the methyltransferase activity of PRMT3 (By
CC       similarity). {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P00352,
CC       ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P51977}.
CC   -!- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm, cytosol {ECO:0000269|PubMed:1935685}.
CC       Cell projection, axon {ECO:0000269|PubMed:26430123}.
CC   -!- TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Expressed in retina (PubMed:1935685). Expressed in
CC       lens and cornea (at protein level) (PubMed:17567582). Expressed by
CC       midbrain dopamine neurons (PubMed:26430123).
CC       {ECO:0000269|PubMed:17567582, ECO:0000269|PubMed:1935685,
CC       ECO:0000269|PubMed:26430123}.
CC   -!- PTM: The N-terminus is blocked most probably by acetylation.
CC       {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P15437}.
CC   -!- DISRUPTION PHENOTYPE: Mice lacking Aldh1a1, obtained at the expected
CC       Mendelian ratio, are viable and fertile without obvious defects in
CC       growth or survival (PubMed:12851412). However, they are more sensitive
CC       to retinol toxicity and are less efficient at metabolizing excess
CC       retinol to retinoic acid/RA (PubMed:12851412). An excess of retinol
CC       leads to the accumulation of retinaldehyde in these mice
CC       (PubMed:12851412). Enhanced alcohol consumption and preference is also
CC       observed in knockout mice (PubMed:26430123). A consistent lenticular
CC       opacification is also detected in old mice (PubMed:17567582).
CC       {ECO:0000269|PubMed:12851412, ECO:0000269|PubMed:17567582,
CC       ECO:0000269|PubMed:26430123}.
CC   -!- SIMILARITY: Belongs to the aldehyde dehydrogenase family.
CC       {ECO:0000305}.
CC   -!- SEQUENCE CAUTION:
CC       Sequence=AAH44729.1; Type=Erroneous initiation; Note=Extended N-terminus.; Evidence={ECO:0000305};
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DR   EMBL; M74570; AAA37202.1; -; mRNA.
DR   EMBL; M74571; AAA37203.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR   EMBL; S75713; AAB32754.2; -; mRNA.
DR   EMBL; S77047; -; NOT_ANNOTATED_CDS; Genomic_DNA.
DR   EMBL; BC044729; AAH44729.1; ALT_INIT; mRNA.
DR   EMBL; BC054386; AAH54386.1; -; mRNA.
DR   CCDS; CCDS29695.1; -.
DR   PIR; JQ1004; JQ1004.
DR   RefSeq; NP_038495.2; NM_013467.3.
DR   PDB; 7YOB; X-ray; 2.89 A; A/B/C/D/E/F/G/H=1-501.
DR   PDBsum; 7YOB; -.
DR   AlphaFoldDB; P24549; -.
DR   SMR; P24549; -.
DR   BioGRID; 198063; 6.
DR   IntAct; P24549; 1.
DR   MINT; P24549; -.
DR   STRING; 10090.ENSMUSP00000153410; -.
DR   iPTMnet; P24549; -.
DR   PhosphoSitePlus; P24549; -.
DR   SwissPalm; P24549; -.
DR   REPRODUCTION-2DPAGE; IPI00626662; -.
DR   REPRODUCTION-2DPAGE; P24549; -.
DR   SWISS-2DPAGE; P24549; -.
DR   CPTAC; non-CPTAC-3632; -.
DR   jPOST; P24549; -.
DR   MaxQB; P24549; -.
DR   PaxDb; 10090-ENSMUSP00000084918; -.
DR   PeptideAtlas; P24549; -.
DR   ProteomicsDB; 296160; -.
DR   Pumba; P24549; -.
DR   DNASU; 11668; -.
DR   Ensembl; ENSMUST00000087638.4; ENSMUSP00000084918.4; ENSMUSG00000053279.9.
DR   Ensembl; ENSMUST00000225337.3; ENSMUSP00000153410.3; ENSMUSG00000053279.9.
DR   GeneID; 11668; -.
DR   KEGG; mmu:11668; -.
DR   UCSC; uc008gym.1; mouse.
DR   AGR; MGI:1353450; -.
DR   CTD; 216; -.
DR   MGI; MGI:1353450; Aldh1a1.
DR   VEuPathDB; HostDB:ENSMUSG00000053279; -.
DR   eggNOG; KOG2450; Eukaryota.
DR   GeneTree; ENSGT00940000154609; -.
DR   HOGENOM; CLU_005391_0_2_1; -.
DR   InParanoid; P24549; -.
DR   OMA; WNFPLDM; -.
DR   OrthoDB; 2291791at2759; -.
DR   PhylomeDB; P24549; -.
DR   TreeFam; TF300455; -.
DR   BRENDA; 1.2.1.36; 3474.
DR   Reactome; R-MMU-5365859; RA biosynthesis pathway.
DR   Reactome; R-MMU-70350; Fructose catabolism.
DR   Reactome; R-MMU-71384; Ethanol oxidation.
DR   SABIO-RK; P24549; -.
DR   UniPathway; UPA00912; -.
DR   BioGRID-ORCS; 11668; 3 hits in 77 CRISPR screens.
DR   ChiTaRS; Aldh1a1; mouse.
DR   PRO; PR:P24549; -.
DR   Proteomes; UP000000589; Chromosome 19.
DR   RNAct; P24549; Protein.
DR   Bgee; ENSMUSG00000053279; Expressed in right lung lobe and 261 other cell types or tissues.
DR   ExpressionAtlas; P24549; baseline and differential.
DR   Genevisible; P24549; MM.
DR   GO; GO:0030424; C:axon; IDA:UniProtKB.
DR   GO; GO:0005829; C:cytosol; ISS:UniProtKB.
DR   GO; GO:0045202; C:synapse; IDA:UniProtKB.
DR   GO; GO:0004028; F:3-chloroallyl aldehyde dehydrogenase activity; IDA:MGI.
DR   GO; GO:0106373; F:3-deoxyglucosone dehydrogenase activity; ISS:UniProtKB.
DR   GO; GO:0004029; F:aldehyde dehydrogenase (NAD+) activity; ISS:UniProtKB.
DR   GO; GO:0019145; F:aminobutyraldehyde dehydrogenase activity; IMP:UniProtKB.
DR   GO; GO:0018479; F:benzaldehyde dehydrogenase (NAD+) activity; ISO:MGI.
DR   GO; GO:0043878; F:glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (NAD+) (non-phosphorylating) activity; IEA:RHEA.
DR   GO; GO:0042802; F:identical protein binding; ISO:MGI.
DR   GO; GO:0051287; F:NAD binding; ISS:CAFA.
DR   GO; GO:0001758; F:retinal dehydrogenase activity; ISS:UniProtKB.
DR   GO; GO:0042904; P:9-cis-retinoic acid biosynthetic process; IDA:MGI.
DR   GO; GO:0042905; P:9-cis-retinoic acid metabolic process; ISO:MGI.
DR   GO; GO:0006915; P:apoptotic process; IGI:MGI.
DR   GO; GO:0110095; P:cellular detoxification of aldehyde; ISS:UniProtKB.
DR   GO; GO:0048048; P:embryonic eye morphogenesis; IGI:MGI.
DR   GO; GO:0030392; P:fructosamine catabolic process; ISS:UniProtKB.
DR   GO; GO:0006001; P:fructose catabolic process; IDA:MGI.
DR   GO; GO:0009449; P:gamma-aminobutyric acid biosynthetic process; IMP:UniProtKB.
DR   GO; GO:0036438; P:maintenance of lens transparency; ISS:UniProtKB.
DR   GO; GO:0120163; P:negative regulation of cold-induced thermogenesis; IMP:YuBioLab.
DR   GO; GO:0002072; P:optic cup morphogenesis involved in camera-type eye development; IGI:MGI.
DR   GO; GO:0043065; P:positive regulation of apoptotic process; IGI:MGI.
DR   GO; GO:0045471; P:response to ethanol; ISO:MGI.
DR   GO; GO:0006979; P:response to oxidative stress; ISO:MGI.
DR   GO; GO:0009410; P:response to xenobiotic stimulus; IDA:MGI.
DR   GO; GO:0002138; P:retinoic acid biosynthetic process; ISO:MGI.
DR   GO; GO:0042573; P:retinoic acid metabolic process; IDA:MGI.
DR   GO; GO:0001523; P:retinoid metabolic process; ISO:MGI.
DR   GO; GO:0042572; P:retinol metabolic process; IMP:MGI.
DR   CDD; cd07141; ALDH_F1AB_F2_RALDH1; 1.
DR   InterPro; IPR016161; Ald_DH/histidinol_DH.
DR   InterPro; IPR016163; Ald_DH_C.
DR   InterPro; IPR016160; Ald_DH_CS_CYS.
DR   InterPro; IPR029510; Ald_DH_CS_GLU.
DR   InterPro; IPR016162; Ald_DH_N.
DR   InterPro; IPR015590; Aldehyde_DH_dom.
DR   PANTHER; PTHR11699:SF140; ALDEHYDE DEHYDROGENASE 1A1; 1.
DR   PANTHER; PTHR11699; ALDEHYDE DEHYDROGENASE-RELATED; 1.
DR   Pfam; PF00171; Aldedh; 1.
DR   SUPFAM; SSF53720; ALDH-like; 1.
DR   PROSITE; PS00070; ALDEHYDE_DEHYDR_CYS; 1.
DR   PROSITE; PS00687; ALDEHYDE_DEHYDR_GLU; 1.
PE   1: Evidence at protein level;
KW   3D-structure; Acetylation; Cell projection; Cytoplasm;
KW   Direct protein sequencing; Lipid metabolism; NAD; Oxidoreductase;
KW   Phosphoprotein; Reference proteome.
FT   INIT_MET        1
FT                   /note="Removed"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P15437"
FT   CHAIN           2..501
FT                   /note="Aldehyde dehydrogenase 1A1"
FT                   /id="PRO_0000056417"
FT   REGION          336..501
FT                   /note="Mediates interaction with PRMT3"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P00352"
FT   ACT_SITE        269
FT                   /note="Proton acceptor"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU10007,
FT                   ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU10008"
FT   ACT_SITE        303
FT                   /note="Nucleophile"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU10007,
FT                   ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU10008"
FT   BINDING         167..170
FT                   /ligand="NAD(+)"
FT                   /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:57540"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P00352"
FT   BINDING         193..196
FT                   /ligand="NAD(+)"
FT                   /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:57540"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P00352"
FT   BINDING         226..227
FT                   /ligand="NAD(+)"
FT                   /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:57540"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P00352"
FT   BINDING         246..247
FT                   /ligand="NAD(+)"
FT                   /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:57540"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P00352"
FT   BINDING         269..271
FT                   /ligand="NAD(+)"
FT                   /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:57540"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P00352"
FT   BINDING         349..353
FT                   /ligand="NAD(+)"
FT                   /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:57540"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P00352"
FT   BINDING         400..402
FT                   /ligand="NAD(+)"
FT                   /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:57540"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P00352"
FT   SITE            170
FT                   /note="Transition state stabilizer"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P20000"
FT   MOD_RES         2
FT                   /note="N-acetylserine"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P15437"
FT   MOD_RES         91
FT                   /note="N6-acetyllysine"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P00352"
FT   MOD_RES         128
FT                   /note="N6-acetyllysine"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P00352"
FT   MOD_RES         252
FT                   /note="N6-acetyllysine"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P00352"
FT   MOD_RES         337
FT                   /note="Phosphothreonine"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P00352"
FT   MOD_RES         353
FT                   /note="N6-acetyllysine"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P00352"
FT   MOD_RES         367
FT                   /note="N6-acetyllysine"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P00352"
FT   MOD_RES         410
FT                   /note="N6-acetyllysine"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P00352"
FT   MOD_RES         413
FT                   /note="Phosphoserine"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P00352"
FT   MOD_RES         419
FT                   /note="N6-acetyllysine"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P00352"
FT   MOD_RES         435
FT                   /note="N6-acetyllysine"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P00352"
FT   MOD_RES         495
FT                   /note="N6-acetyllysine"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P00352"
FT   CONFLICT        8
FT                   /note="A -> R (in Ref. 1; AAA37202/AAA37203)"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000305"
FT   CONFLICT        45
FT                   /note="T -> S (in Ref. 2; AAB32754)"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000305"
FT   CONFLICT        51
FT                   /note="H -> Q (in Ref. 2; AAB32754)"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000305"
FT   CONFLICT        87
FT                   /note="R -> C (in Ref. 1; AAA37202)"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000305"
FT   CONFLICT        140
FT                   /note="I -> Y (in Ref. 4; AA sequence)"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000305"
FT   CONFLICT        458
FT                   /note="M -> I (in Ref. 1; AAA37202)"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000305"
FT   STRAND          22..25
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:7YOB"
FT   STRAND          28..30
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:7YOB"
FT   STRAND          37..41
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:7YOB"
FT   TURN            43..45
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:7YOB"
FT   STRAND          48..53
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:7YOB"
FT   HELIX           57..70
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:7YOB"
FT   HELIX           76..79
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:7YOB"
FT   HELIX           82..98
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:7YOB"
FT   HELIX           100..111
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:7YOB"
FT   HELIX           115..120
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:7YOB"
FT   HELIX           122..136
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:7YOB"
FT   TURN            137..139
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:7YOB"
FT   STRAND          142..145
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:7YOB"
FT   STRAND          148..159
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:7YOB"
FT   STRAND          161..166
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:7YOB"
FT   STRAND          169..171
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:7YOB"
FT   HELIX           172..186
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:7YOB"
FT   STRAND          189..193
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:7YOB"
FT   HELIX           200..212
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:7YOB"
FT   STRAND          218..221
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:7YOB"
FT   HELIX           226..234
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:7YOB"
FT   STRAND          240..246
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:7YOB"
FT   HELIX           248..260
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:7YOB"
FT   STRAND          265..269
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:7YOB"
FT   STRAND          274..278
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:7YOB"
FT   HELIX           284..296
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:7YOB"
FT   TURN            297..300
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:7YOB"
FT   STRAND          306..312
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:7YOB"
FT   HELIX           313..326
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:7YOB"
FT   HELIX           327..329
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:7YOB"
FT   HELIX           348..363
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:7YOB"
FT   STRAND          367..370
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:7YOB"
FT   STRAND          376..379
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:7YOB"
FT   STRAND          385..389
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:7YOB"
FT   HELIX           395..398
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:7YOB"
FT   STRAND          403..411
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:7YOB"
FT   HELIX           414..421
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:7YOB"
FT   STRAND          428..433
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:7YOB"
FT   HELIX           437..446
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:7YOB"
FT   STRAND          450..455
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:7YOB"
FT   STRAND          462..464
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:7YOB"
FT   HELIX           470..472
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:7YOB"
FT   STRAND          473..479
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:7YOB"
FT   HELIX           480..484
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:7YOB"
FT   STRAND          487..495
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:7YOB"
SQ   SEQUENCE   501 AA;  54468 MW;  0E428151B799BD1D CRC64;
     MSSPAQPAVP APLADLKIQH TKIFINNEWH NSVSGKKFPV LNPATEEVIC HVEEGDKADV
     DKAVKAARQA FQIGSPWRTM DASERGRLLN KLADLMERDR LLLATMEALN GGKVFANAYL
     SDLGGCIKAL KYCAGWADKI HGQTIPSDGD IFTYTRREPI GVCGQIIPWN FPMLMFIWKI
     GPALSCGNTV VVKPAEQTPL TALHLASLIK EAGFPPGVVN IVPGYGPTAG AAISSHMDVD
     KVAFTGSTQV GKLIKEAAGK SNLKRVTLEL GGKSPCIVFA DADLDIAVEF AHHGVFYHQG
     QCCVAASRIF VEESVYDEFV KRSVERAKKY VLGNPLTPGI NQGPQIDKEQ HDKILDLIES
     GKKEGAKLEC GGGRWGNKGF FVQPTVFSNV TDEMRIAKEE IFGPVQQIMK FKSVDDVIKR
     ANNTTYGLAA GLFTKDLDKA ITVSSALQAG VVWVNCYMML SAQCPFGGFK MSGNGRELGE
     HGLYEYTELK TVAMKISQKN S
//
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