Entry |
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Name |
Esophageal cancer |
Description |
Esophageal cancer represents the 9th leading cancer in the world and is associated with a 5-year survival rate under 25%. The two main forms are squamous-cell carcinoma (ECSC) and adenocarcinoma (EAC). ECSC is the most frequent histological subtype in esophageal cancer, although the incidence of EAC is increasing faster than any other malignancy in the western world. Whereas ESCC can be attributed to alcohol and tobacco consumption, the most important risk factor for the development of EAC is duodenal-gastric-esophageal reflux. In the process of tumorigenesis at the cellular level, multiple genetic alterations are involved, including mutation of the p53 gene, amplification of cyclin D1 gene, among others.
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Category |
Cancer
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Brite |
Human diseases [BR:br08402]
Cancers
Cancers of the digestive system
H00017 Esophageal cancer
Human diseases in ICD-11 classification [BR:br08403]
02 Neoplasms
Malignant neoplasms, except of lymphoid, haematopoietic, central nervous system or related tissues
Malignant neoplasms, stated or presumed to be primary, of specified sites, except of lymphoid, haematopoietic, central nervous system or related tissues
Malignant neoplasms of digestive organs
2B70 Malignant neoplasms of oesophagus
H00017 Esophageal cancer
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Pathway |
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Gene |
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Carcinogen |
Betel quid with tobacco
Betel quid without tobacco
Ethanol in alcoholic beverages [CPD: C00469]
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Drug |
Floxuridine [DR: D04197]
Pembrolizumab [DR: D10574] (PD-L1 expressed)
Porfimer sodium [DR: D03327]
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Comment |
ICD-O: 8070/3, Tumor type: Squamous cell carcinoma
ICD-O: 8140/3, Tumor type: Adenocarcinoma
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Other DBs |
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Reference |
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Authors |
Kuwano H, Kato H, Miyazaki T, Fukuchi M, Masuda N, Nakajima M, Fukai Y, Sohda M, Kimura H, Faried A. |
Title |
Genetic alterations in esophageal cancer. |
Journal |
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Reference |
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Authors |
Wild CP, Hardie LJ. |
Title |
Reflux, Barrett's oesophagus and adenocarcinoma: burning questions. |
Journal |
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Reference |
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Authors |
McCabe ML, Dlamini Z. |
Title |
The molecular mechanisms of oesophageal cancer. |
Journal |
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Reference |
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Authors |
Lee CH, Lee JM, Wu DC, Hsu HK, Kao EL, Huang HL, Wang TN, Huang MC, Wu MT. |
Title |
Independent and combined effects of alcohol intake, tobacco smoking and betel quid chewing on the risk of esophageal cancer in Taiwan. |
Journal |
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Reference |
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Authors |
Baan R, Straif K, Grosse Y, Secretan B, El Ghissassi F, Bouvard V, Altieri A, Cogliano V. |
Title |
Carcinogenicity of alcoholic beverages. |
Journal |
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Reference |
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Authors |
Lee CH, Wu DC, Lee JM, Wu IC, Goan YG, Kao EL, Huang HL, Chan TF, Chou SH, Chou YP, Lee CY, Chen PS, Ho CK, He J, Wu MT. |
Title |
Carcinogenetic impact of alcohol intake on squamous cell carcinoma risk of the oesophagus in relation to tobacco smoking. |
Journal |
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Reference |
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Authors |
Aloia TA, Harpole DH Jr, Reed CE, Allegra C, Moore MB, Herndon JE 2nd, D'Amico TA. |
Title |
Tumor marker expression is predictive of survival in patients with esophageal cancer. |
Journal |
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Reference |
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Authors |
Vallbohmer D, Lenz HJ. |
Title |
Predictive and prognostic molecular markers in outcome of esophageal cancer. |
Journal |
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