Entry Name trypanothione synthase;
Class Ligases;BRITE hierarchy
Sysname spermidine/glutathionylspermidine:glutathione ligase (ADP-forming)
Reaction(IUBMB) (1) glutathione + spermidine + ATP = glutathionylspermidine + ADP + phosphate [RN:
R01917 ];
(2) glutathione + glutathionylspermidine + ATP = N1,N8-bis(glutathionyl)spermidine + ADP + phosphate [RN:
R03822 ]
Reaction(KEGG) Substrate Product glutathionylspermidine [CPD:
C05730 ];
ADP [CPD:
C00008 ];
phosphate [CPD:
C00009 ];
N1,N8-bis(glutathionyl)spermidine [CPD:
C02090 ]
Comment The enzyme, characterized from several trypanosomatids (e.g. Trypanosoma cruzi) catalyses two subsequent reactions, leading to production of trypanothione from glutathione and spermidine. Some trypanosomatids (e.g. Crithidia species and some Leishmania species) also contain an enzyme that only carries out the first reaction (cf. EC
6.3.1.8 , glutathionylspermidine synthase). The enzyme is bifunctional, and also catalyses the hydrolysis of glutathionylspermidine and trypanothione (cf. EC
3.5.1.78 , glutathionylspermidine amidase).
History EC 6.3.1.9 created 1999, modified 2014
Pathway Orthology K01833 trypanothione synthetase/amidase
Genes Taxonomy Reference Authors Smith K, Nadeau K, Bradley M, Walsh C, Fairlamb AH
Title Purification of glutathionylspermidine and trypanothione synthetases from Crithidia fasciculata.
Journal Sequence Reference Authors Oza SL, Tetaud E, Ariyanayagam MR, Warnon SS, Fairlamb AH.
Title A single enzyme catalyses formation of Trypanothione from glutathione and spermidine in Trypanosoma cruzi.
Journal Sequence Reference Authors Comini M, Menge U, Wissing J, Flohe L.
Title Trypanothione synthesis in crithidia revisited.
Journal Sequence Reference Authors Oza SL, Shaw MP, Wyllie S, Fairlamb AH.
Title Trypanothione biosynthesis in Leishmania major.
Journal Sequence Reference Authors Fyfe PK, Oza SL, Fairlamb AH, Hunter WN
Title Leishmania trypanothione synthetase-amidase structure reveals a basis for regulation of conflicting synthetic and hydrolytic activities.
Journal Sequence Other DBs ExplorEnz - The Enzyme Database: 6.3.1.9
ExPASy - ENZYME nomenclature database: 6.3.1.9
BRENDA, the Enzyme Database: 6.3.1.9
