KEGG   PATHWAY: rno05330
Entry
rno05330                    Pathway                                
Name
Allograft rejection - Rattus norvegicus (rat)
Description
Allograft rejection is the consequence of the recipient's alloimmune response to nonself antigens expressed by donor tissues. After transplantation of organ allografts, there are two pathways of antigen presentation. In the direct pathway, recipient T cells react to intact allogeneic MHC molecules expressed on the surface of donor cells. This pathway would activate host CD4 or CD8 T cells. In contrast, donor MHC molecules (and all other proteins) shed from the graft can be taken up by host APCs and presented to recipient T cells in the context of self-MHC molecules - the indirect pathway. Such presentation activates predominantly CD4 T cells. A direct cytotoxic T-cell attack on graft cells can be made only by T cells that recognize the graft MHC molecules directly. Nontheless, T cells with indirect allospecificity can contribute to graft rejection by activating macrophages, which cause tissue injury and fibrosis, and are also likely to be important in the development of an alloantibody response to graft.
Class
Human Diseases; Immune disease
Pathway map
rno05330  Allograft rejection
rno05330

Organism
Rattus norvegicus (rat) [GN:rno]
Gene
24747  RT1-M3-1; RT1 class Ib, locus M3-1 precursor [KO:K06751]
24750  RT1-N3; RT1 class Ib, locus N3 [KO:K06751]
24973  RT1-A1; RT1 class Ia, locus A1 precursor [KO:K06751]
24974  RT1-A2; RT1 class Ia, locus A2 precursor [KO:K06751]
24988  RT1-M2; RT1 class Ib, locus M2 precursor [KO:K06751]
294213  RT1-M1-4; RT1 class I, locus M1, gene 4 precursor [KO:K06751]
309600  RT1-CE12; RT1 class I, locus CE12 precursor [KO:K06751]
309603  RT1-CE1; RT1 class I, locus CE1 precursor [KO:K06751]
309607  RT1-CE5; RT1 class I, locus CE5 isoform 1 precursor [KO:K06751]
309627  RT1-A3; RT1 class I, locus A3 precursor [KO:K06751]
361787  RT1-T24-1; RT1 class I, locus T24, gene 1 isoform 1 [KO:K06751]
365527  RT1-M6-2; RT1 class I, locus M6, gene 2 precursor [KO:K06751]
368153  RT1-CE7; RT1 class I, locus CE7 precursor [KO:K06751]
414779  RT1-CE2; RT1 class I, locus CE2 precursor [KO:K06751]
414783  RT1-CE4; RT1 class I, locus CE4 precursor [KO:K06751]
414784  RT1-T24-4; RT1 class I, locus T24, gene 4 [KO:K06751]
414785  RT1-M6-1; RT1 class I, locus M6, gene 1 precursor [KO:K06751]
414786  RT1-M1-2; RT1 class I, locus M1, gene 2 precursor [KO:K06751]
414789  RT1-CE15; RT1 class I, locus CE15 precursor [KO:K06751]
414790  RT1-CE13; RT1 class I, locus CE13 precursor [KO:K06751]
414791  RT1-CE11; RT1 class I, locus CE11 precursor [KO:K06751]
414792  RT1-CE10; RT1 class I, locus CE10 precursor [KO:K06751]
414793  RT1-CE3; RT1 class I, locus CE3 precursor [KO:K06751]
414819  RT1-CE16; RT1 class I, locus CE16 precursor [KO:K06751]
24751  RT1-O1; RT1 class Ib, locus O1 [KO:K06751]
406194  RT1-T18; RT1 class Ib, locus T18 precursor [KO:K06751]
294228  RT1-S3; RT1 class Ib, locus S3 precursor [KO:K06751]
309584  RT1-M4; RT1 class Ib, locus M4 precursor [KO:K06751]
360323  RT1-N2; RT1 class Ib, locus N2 precursor [KO:K06751]
414788  RT1-T24-3; RT1 class I, locus T24, gene 3 [KO:K06751]
680842  RT1-M1-5; RT1 class I, M1, gene 5 precursor [KO:K06751]
102546590  H2-M10.6l; patr class I histocompatibility antigen, A-126 alpha chain-like [KO:K06751]
499400  RT1-M5; RT1 class Ib, locus M5 isoform 2 precursor [KO:K06751]
25408  Cd80; T-lymphocyte activation antigen CD80 [KO:K05412]
56822  Cd86; T-lymphocyte activation antigen CD86 precursor [KO:K05413]
25660  Cd28; T-cell-specific surface glycoprotein CD28 precursor [KO:K06470]
84405  Il12a; interleukin-12 subunit alpha precursor [KO:K05406]
64546  Il12b; interleukin-12 subunit beta precursor [KO:K05425]
25385  Faslg; tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 6 [KO:K04389]
246097  Fas; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 6 precursor [KO:K04390]
50669  Prf1; perforin-1 precursor [KO:K07818]
171528  Gzmb; granzyme B precursor [KO:K01353] [EC:3.4.21.79]
294274  RT1-DMa; RT1 class II, DM alpha precursor [KO:K06752]
294273  RT1-DMb; RT1 class II, DM beta precursor [KO:K06752]
24984  RT1-DOa; RT1 class II, locus DOa precursor [KO:K06752]
24986  RT1-Ha; RT1 class II, locus Ha precursor [KO:K06752]
294269  RT1-Da; RT1 class II, locus Da precursor [KO:K06752]
294270  RT1-Db1; rano class II histocompatibility antigen, D-1 beta chain precursor [KO:K06752]
309621  RT1-Ba; rano class II histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain precursor [KO:K06752]
309622  RT1-Bb; rano class II histocompatibility antigen, B-1 beta chain precursor [KO:K06752]
365542  RT1-DOb; RT1 class II, DO beta isoform 1 [KO:K06752]
24981  RT1-Db2; RT1 class II, locus Db2 precursor [KO:K06752]
116562  Il2; interleukin-2 precursor [KO:K05429]
84349  Cd40lg; CD40 ligand [KO:K03161]
171369  Cd40; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 5 precursor [KO:K03160]
25712  Ifng; interferon gamma precursor [KO:K04687]
24835  Tnf; tumor necrosis factor [KO:K03156]
287287  Il4; interleukin-4 precursor [KO:K05430]
24497  Il5; interleukin-5 precursor [KO:K05428]
25325  Il10; interleukin-10 precursor [KO:K05443]
Compound
C00533  Nitric oxide
Reference
PMID:10746853
  Authors
Arakelov A, Lakkis FG.
  Title
The alloimmune response and effector mechanisms of allograft rejection.
  Journal
Semin Nephrol 20:95-102 (2000)
Reference
PMID:12023610
  Authors
Le Moine A, Goldman M, Abramowicz D.
  Title
Multiple pathways to allograft rejection.
  Journal
Transplantation 73:1373-81 (2002)
DOI:10.1097/00007890-200205150-00001
Reference
PMID:17445565
  Authors
Trivedi HL.
  Title
Immunobiology of rejection and adaptation.
  Journal
Transplant Proc 39:647-52 (2007)
DOI:10.1016/j.transproceed.2007.01.047
Reference
PMID:14710779
  Authors
Pietra BA.
  Title
Transplantation immunology 2003: simplified approach.
  Journal
Pediatr Clin North Am 50:1233-59 (2003)
DOI:10.1016/S0031-3955(03)00119-6
Reference
PMID:8835634
  Authors
Oka T, Yoshimura N.
  Title
Immunosuppression in organ transplantation.
  Journal
Jpn J Pharmacol 71:89-100 (1996)
DOI:10.1254/jjp.71.89
Reference
PMID:10571983
  Authors
Sayegh MH.
  Title
Why do we reject a graft? Role of indirect allorecognition in graft rejection.
  Journal
Kidney Int 56:1967-79 (1999)
DOI:10.1046/j.1523-1755.1999.00751.x
Reference
PMID:10331992
  Authors
Benichou G.
  Title
Direct and indirect antigen recognition: the pathways to allograft immune rejection.
  Journal
Front Biosci 4:D476-80 (1999)
DOI:10.2741/benichou
Reference
PMID:10667806
  Authors
Turvey SE, Wood KJ.
  Title
Immunobiology of solid organ transplantation.
  Journal
Int Surg 84:279-90 (1999)
Reference
  Authors
Janeway CA, Travers P, Walport M, Shlomchik MJ.
  Title
Immunobiology 6th edition
  Journal
Garland Science Publishing (2005)
Reference
PMID:12216939
  Authors
Game DS, Lechler RI.
  Title
Pathways of allorecognition: implications for transplantation tolerance.
  Journal
Transpl Immunol 10:101-8 (2002)
DOI:10.1016/S0966-3274(02)00055-2
Reference
PMID:12563298
  Authors
Lechler RI, Garden OA, Turka LA.
  Title
The complementary roles of deletion and regulation in transplantation tolerance.
  Journal
Nat Rev Immunol 3:147-58 (2003)
DOI:10.1038/nri1002
Related
pathway
rno04210  Apoptosis
rno04514  Cell adhesion molecules
rno04610  Complement and coagulation cascades
rno04612  Antigen processing and presentation
rno04660  T cell receptor signaling pathway
rno04662  B cell receptor signaling pathway
KO pathway
ko05330   

  All links  
Genome (1)   
   KEGG GENOME (1)   
Gene (60)   
   KEGG GENES (60)   
All databases (61)   

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