KEGG   PATHWAY: cal04111
Entry
cal04111                    Pathway                                
Name
Cell cycle - yeast - Candida albicans
Description
Mitotic cell cycle progression is accomplished through a reproducible sequence of events, DNA replication (S phase) and mitosis (M phase) separated temporally by gaps (G1 and G2 phases). G1, S, and G2 phases are collectively known as interphase. In yeast Cdc28 is the catalytic subunit of the cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK). At G1 phase Cdc28 associates with G1-cyclins Cln1 to Cln3, while B-type cyclins Clb1 to Clb6 regulate Cdc28 during S, G2, and M phases. Cln3/Cdc28 activity is required for cells to pass through 'start', the commitment point in G1. When Cln3/Cdc28 accumulates more than a certain threshold, SBF (Swi4/Swi6) and MBF (Mbp1/Swi6) are activated, promoting transcription of Cln1, Cln2, and other genes required for S-phase progression. Cln1 and Cln2 interacting with Cdc28 promote activation of B-type cyclin associated CDK, which drives DNA replication and entry into mitosis. Specifically, Cdc28 association with Clb2 and Clb1 promotes entry into mitosis. Cells suffering from DNA damage, spindle misorientation, or spindle assembly defect do not undergo the metaphase-anaphase transition for chromosome segregation and fail to exit from mitosis. The spindle assembly checkpoint activates Mad2, which in turn prevents chromosome segregation by inhibiting degradation of the securin Pds1. Moreover, Pds1 is phosphorylated and stabilized in response to DNA damage in a Chk1-dependent manner. The spindle checkpoint is also involved in the Cdc14 release from the nucleolus. Cdc14 dephosphorylates Swi5, Sic1, and Cdh1, leading to inhibition of Cdc28 and degradation of cyclin required for mitotic exit.
Class
Cellular Processes; Cell growth and death
Pathway map
cal04111  Cell cycle - yeast
cal04111

Other DBs
GO: 0000278
Organism
Candida albicans [GN:cal]
Gene
CAALFM_C501100CA  CLN3; cyclin [KO:K06646]
CAALFM_CR06050WA  CDC28; cyclin-dependent serine/threonine-protein kinase [KO:K04563] [EC:2.7.11.22]
CAALFM_C101790WA  SWI4; SBF complex DNA-binding subunit [KO:K06649]
CAALFM_C108670WA  SWI6; transcriptional regulator [KO:K06648]
CAALFM_C304110CA  MBP1; transcription factor [KO:K06647]
CAALFM_C112220WA  CDC6; AAA family ATPase [KO:K02213]
CAALFM_C103070CA  ORC1; origin recognition complex subunit 1 [KO:K02603]
CAALFM_C210760CA  CaO19.5358; origin recognition complex subunit 2 [KO:K02604]
CAALFM_C303750CA  ORC3; origin recognition complex subunit 3 [KO:K02605]
CAALFM_C502150CA  ORC4; origin recognition complex subunit 4 [KO:K02606]
CAALFM_CR06960WA  CaO19.2369; origin recognition complex subunit 5 [KO:K02607]
CAALFM_C101000CA  CaO19.3289; origin recognition complex subunit 6 [KO:K02608]
CAALFM_CR03830CA  MCM2; MCM DNA helicase complex subunit [KO:K02540] [EC:5.6.2.3]
CAALFM_C207350WA  MCM3; MCM DNA helicase complex subunit [KO:K02541] [EC:5.6.2.3]
CAALFM_C112550CA  CDC54; MCM DNA helicase complex subunit [KO:K02212] [EC:5.6.2.3]
CAALFM_C206250CA  CDC46; MCM DNA helicase complex subunit [KO:K02209] [EC:5.6.2.3]
CAALFM_CR02110WA  MCM6; MCM DNA helicase complex subunit [KO:K02542] [EC:5.6.2.3]
CAALFM_C209020WA  CDC47; mini-chromosome maintenance complex protein 7 [KO:K02210] [EC:5.6.2.3]
CAALFM_C205320WA  CDC7; serine/threonine protein kinase [KO:K02214] [EC:2.7.11.1]
CAALFM_C702950CA  DBF4; protein serine/threonine kinase activating protein [KO:K02309]
CAALFM_CR07720CA  CDC45; DNA replication initiation factor [KO:K06628]
CAALFM_C700890CA  MCM1; transcription factor [KO:K12412]
CAALFM_C700970CA  YOX1; Yox1p [KO:K12411]
CAALFM_C406480CA  CEK1; mitogen-activated serine/threonine-protein kinase [KO:K04371] [EC:2.7.11.24]
CAALFM_CR05940WA  CEK2; Cek2p [KO:K04371] [EC:2.7.11.24]
CAALFM_C700180WA  FAR1; cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase inhibiting protein [KO:K06652]
CAALFM_C100600WA  APC1; anaphase promoting complex subunit 1 [KO:K03348]
CAALFM_C306810WA  CaO19.6821; anaphase promoting complex subunit 2 [KO:K03349]
CAALFM_CR01230CA  CDC27; anaphase promoting complex subunit [KO:K03350]
CAALFM_C500060CA  CaO19.5692; anaphase promoting complex subunit 4 [KO:K03351]
CAALFM_C405220CA  CaO19.6861; anaphase promoting complex subunit 5 [KO:K03352]
CAALFM_C405340WA  CaO19.1792; anaphase promoting complex subunit [KO:K03353]
CAALFM_CR08630WA  CDC23; anaphase promoting complex subunit [KO:K03355]
CAALFM_C107850CA  CaO19.5056; anaphase promoting complex subunit [KO:K03357]
CAALFM_CR10610CA  CaO19.7644; anaphase promoting complex subunit 11 [KO:K03358]
CAALFM_C601150WA  CDC20; ubiquitin-protein transferase activating protein [KO:K03363]
CAALFM_C107410CA  SKP1; SCF ubiquitin ligase subunit [KO:K03094]
CAALFM_C301700WA  CDC53; cullin [KO:K03347]
CAALFM_C302450WA  HRT1; SCF ubiquitin ligase complex subunit [KO:K03868] [EC:2.3.2.32]
CAALFM_C504600CA  GRR1; SCF ubiquitin ligase complex subunit [KO:K03360]
CAALFM_CR01680CA  CDC4; SCF ubiquitin ligase complex subunit [KO:K03361]
CAALFM_C503310CA  PCL1; Pcl1p [KO:K06656]
CAALFM_C108570CA  PCL2; cyclin [KO:K06657]
CAALFM_C104520CA  PHO85; cyclin-dependent serine/threonine-protein kinase [KO:K06655] [EC:2.7.11.22]
CAALFM_CR00590WA  PHO81; Pho81p [KO:K06653]
CAALFM_C505080WA  GRF10; Grf10p [KO:K02646]
CAALFM_C703940CA  CLB4; B-type cyclin [KO:K06659]
CAALFM_CR08960CA  MPS1; serine/threonine/tyrosine protein kinase [KO:K08866] [EC:2.7.12.1]
CAALFM_C112660WA  CaO19.6357; coiled-coil domain-containing protein [KO:K06679]
CAALFM_C104080WA  MAD2; spindle checkpoint protein [KO:K02537]
CAALFM_C403120CA  BUB1; protein kinase [KO:K02178] [EC:2.7.11.1]
CAALFM_C503240WA  BUB3; Bub3p [KO:K02180]
CAALFM_C109730WA  DAM1; Dam1p [KO:K02307]
CAALFM_C101670CA  ESP1; separase [KO:K02365] [EC:3.4.22.49]
CAALFM_C201600CA  CDC55; protein phosphatase 2A regulatory subunit [KO:K04354]
CAALFM_C301600WA  PPH21; phosphoprotein phosphatase 2A catalytic subunit [KO:K04382] [EC:3.1.3.16]
CAALFM_C306910CA  TPD3; protein phosphatase 2A structural subunit [KO:K03456]
CAALFM_C100950CA  CDC5; polo kinase [KO:K06660] [EC:2.7.11.21]
CAALFM_C100230CA  BFA1; Bfa1p [KO:K02181]
CAALFM_C202780CA  BUB2; Bub2p [KO:K02179]
CAALFM_C206860WA  LTE1; mitotic regulator [KO:K06681]
CAALFM_C103080CA  TEM1; Ras family GTPase [KO:K06682]
CAALFM_C205140WA  CDC15; serine/threonine protein kinase [KO:K06683] [EC:2.7.11.1]
CAALFM_C206670CA  DBF2; serine/threonine-protein kinase [KO:K06684] [EC:2.7.11.-]
CAALFM_C602590CA  MOB1; Mob1p [KO:K06685]
CAALFM_C600670WA  CDC14; phosphoprotein phosphatase [KO:K06639] [EC:3.1.3.16 3.1.3.48]
CAALFM_C200450CA  CDH1; Cdh1p [KO:K03364]
CAALFM_C201410CA  CLB2; B-type cyclin [KO:K23469]
CAALFM_C300800WA  MIH1; putative tyrosine protein phosphatase [KO:K02555] [EC:3.1.3.48]
CAALFM_C204270WA  CAK1; cyclin-dependent protein kinase-activating kinase [KO:K06667] [EC:2.7.11.22]
CAALFM_C504070CA  CKS1; cyclin-dependent protein kinase regulatory subunit [KO:K02219]
CAALFM_C110010CA  SWE1; tyrosine protein kinase [KO:K03114] [EC:2.7.11.1]
CAALFM_C101130WA  CaO19.3301; ubiquitin-binding SDF ubiquitin ligase complex subunit [KO:K10259]
CAALFM_C502840CA  HSL1; protein kinase [KO:K02515] [EC:2.7.11.-]
CAALFM_C111400CA  GIN4; protein kinase [KO:K06668] [EC:2.7.11.-]
CAALFM_C206220CA  MEC3; Mec3p [KO:K02544]
CAALFM_C302560WA  DDC1; Ddc1p [KO:K06663]
CAALFM_C400030CA  CaO19.366; hypothetical protein [KO:K02830] [EC:3.1.11.2]
CAALFM_C402700WA  CaO19.2728; hypothetical protein [KO:K06662]
CAALFM_C504060CA  MEC1; protein kinase [KO:K02543]
CAALFM_C111370CA  CaO19.667; hypothetical protein [KO:K12578]
CAALFM_C502610CA  RAD9; chromatin-binding protein [KO:K06661]
CAALFM_C111440CA  GIN1; chromatin-modulating protein [KO:K11272]
CAALFM_C303810WA  RAD53; serine/threonine/tyrosine protein kinase [KO:K02831] [EC:2.7.11.-]
CAALFM_C505100CA  DUN1; serine/threonine protein kinase [KO:K06641] [EC:2.7.11.1]
CAALFM_CR06110CA  RFX1; Rfx1p [KO:K09173]
CAALFM_C307020WA  SSN6; transcription regulator [KO:K06665]
CAALFM_C100060WA  TUP1; chromatin-silencing transcriptional regulator [KO:K06666]
CAALFM_CR03680CA  SMC1; cohesin subunit [KO:K06636]
CAALFM_C302700WA  SMC3; cohesin subunit [KO:K06669]
CAALFM_CR10540CA  MCD1; kleisin alpha [KO:K06670]
CAALFM_C114230CA  IRR1; Irr1p [KO:K06671]
CAALFM_C407220CA  CaO19.3080; cohesin-loading factor complex subunit [KO:K06672]
CAALFM_C208560WA  SMC2; condensin subunit [KO:K06674]
CAALFM_C500300CA  SMC4; condensin subunit [KO:K06675]
CAALFM_C405660CA  BRN1; condensin subunit [KO:K06676]
CAALFM_C207470WA  YCS4; condensin subunit [KO:K06677]
CAALFM_C302230CA  YCG1; condensin subunit [KO:K06678]
Compound
C00009  Orthophosphate
C00575  3',5'-Cyclic AMP
Reference
PMID:11967159
  Authors
Devault A, Vallen EA, Yuan T, Green S, Bensimon A, Schwob E
  Title
Identification of Tah11/Sid2 as the ortholog of the replication licensing factor Cdt1 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
  Journal
Curr Biol 12:689-94 (2002)
DOI:10.1016/S0960-9822(02)00768-6
Reference
PMID:15210110
  Authors
de Bruin RA, McDonald WH, Kalashnikova TI, Yates J 3rd, Wittenberg C
  Title
Cln3 activates G1-specific transcription via phosphorylation of the SBF bound repressor Whi5.
  Journal
Cell 117:887-98 (2004)
DOI:10.1016/j.cell.2004.05.025
Reference
PMID:15210111
  Authors
Costanzo M, Nishikawa JL, Tang X, Millman JS, Schub O, Breitkreuz K, Dewar D, Rupes I, Andrews B, Tyers M
  Title
CDK activity antagonizes Whi5, an inhibitor of G1/S transcription in yeast.
  Journal
Cell 117:899-913 (2004)
DOI:10.1016/j.cell.2004.05.024
Reference
PMID:12464633
  Authors
Pramila T, Miles S, GuhaThakurta D, Jemiolo D, Breeden LL
  Title
Conserved homeodomain proteins interact with MADS box protein Mcm1 to restrict ECB-dependent transcription to the M/G1 phase of the cell cycle.
  Journal
Genes Dev 16:3034-45 (2002)
DOI:10.1101/gad.1034302
Reference
PMID:15060174
  Authors
Schwickart M, Havlis J, Habermann B, Bogdanova A, Camasses A, Oelschlaegel T, Shevchenko A, Zachariae W
  Title
Swm1/Apc13 is an evolutionarily conserved subunit of the anaphase-promoting complex stabilizing the association of Cdc16 and Cdc27.
  Journal
Mol Cell Biol 24:3562-76 (2004)
DOI:10.1128/MCB.24.8.3562-3576.2004
Reference
PMID:15797380
  Authors
Penkner AM, Prinz S, Ferscha S, Klein F
  Title
Mnd2, an essential antagonist of the anaphase-promoting complex during meiotic prophase.
  Journal
Cell 120:789-801 (2005)
DOI:10.1016/j.cell.2005.01.017
Reference
PMID:18598214
  Authors
Pesin JA, Orr-Weaver TL
  Title
Regulation of APC/C activators in mitosis and meiosis.
  Journal
Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol 24:475-99 (2008)
DOI:10.1146/annurev.cellbio.041408.115949
Reference
PMID:7588610
  Authors
Dirick L, Bohm T, Nasmyth K
  Title
Roles and regulation of Cln-Cdc28 kinases at the start of the cell cycle of Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
  Journal
EMBO J 14:4803-13 (1995)
DOI:10.1002/j.1460-2075.1995.tb00162.x
Reference
PMID:16285853
  Authors
Bahler J
  Title
Cell-cycle control of gene expression in budding and fission yeast.
  Journal
Annu Rev Genet 39:69-94 (2005)
DOI:10.1146/annurev.genet.39.110304.095808
Reference
PMID:8066461
  Authors
Peter M, Herskowitz I
  Title
Direct inhibition of the yeast cyclin-dependent kinase Cdc28-Cln by Far1.
  Journal
Science 265:1228-31 (1994)
DOI:10.1126/science.8066461
Reference
PMID:9367986
  Authors
Henchoz S, Chi Y, Catarin B, Herskowitz I, Deshaies RJ, Peter M
  Title
Phosphorylation- and ubiquitin-dependent degradation of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor Far1p in budding yeast.
  Journal
Genes Dev 11:3046-60 (1997)
DOI:10.1101/gad.11.22.3046
Reference
PMID:9346239
  Authors
Feldman RM, Correll CC, Kaplan KB, Deshaies RJ
  Title
A complex of Cdc4p, Skp1p, and Cdc53p/cullin catalyzes ubiquitination of the phosphorylated CDK inhibitor Sic1p.
  Journal
Cell 91:221-30 (1997)
DOI:10.1016/S0092-8674(00)80404-3
Reference
PMID:7954792
  Authors
Schwob E, Bohm T, Mendenhall MD, Nasmyth K
  Title
The B-type cyclin kinase inhibitor p40SIC1 controls the G1 to S transition in S. cerevisiae.
  Journal
Cell 79:233-44 (1994)
DOI:10.1016/0092-8674(94)90193-7
Reference
PMID:9841670
  Authors
Mendenhall MD, Hodge AE
  Title
Regulation of Cdc28 cyclin-dependent protein kinase activity during the cell cycle of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
  Journal
Microbiol Mol Biol Rev 62:1191-243 (1998)
Reference
PMID:10465783
  Authors
Zachariae W, Nasmyth K
  Title
Whose end is destruction: cell division and the anaphase-promoting complex.
  Journal
Genes Dev 13:2039-58 (1999)
DOI:10.1101/gad.13.16.2039
Reference
PMID:11269496
  Authors
Jares P, Donaldson A, Blow JJ
  Title
The Cdc7/Dbf4 protein kinase: target of the S phase checkpoint?
  Journal
EMBO Rep 1:319-22 (2000)
DOI:10.1093/embo-reports/kvd076
Reference
PMID:10512865
  Authors
Elsasser S, Chi Y, Yang P, Campbell JL
  Title
Phosphorylation controls timing of Cdc6p destruction: A biochemical analysis.
  Journal
Mol Biol Cell 10:3263-77 (1999)
DOI:10.1091/mbc.10.10.3263
Reference
PMID:10213692
  Authors
Skowyra D, Koepp DM, Kamura T, Conrad MN, Conaway RC, Conaway JW, Elledge SJ, Harper JW
  Title
Reconstitution of G1 cyclin ubiquitination with complexes containing SCFGrr1 and Rbx1.
  Journal
Science 284:662-5 (1999)
DOI:10.1126/science.284.5414.662
Reference
PMID:16487340
  Authors
Mouillon JM, Persson BL
  Title
New aspects on phosphate sensing and signalling in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
  Journal
FEMS Yeast Res 6:171-6 (2006)
DOI:10.1111/j.1567-1364.2006.00036.x
Reference
PMID:15965243
  Authors
Bean JM, Siggia ED, Cross FR
  Title
High functional overlap between MluI cell-cycle box binding factor and Swi4/6 cell-cycle box binding factor in the G1/S transcriptional program in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
  Journal
Genetics 171:49-61 (2005)
DOI:10.1534/genetics.105.044560
Reference
PMID:9024629
  Authors
Deshaies RJ
  Title
Phosphorylation and proteolysis: partners in the regulation of cell division in budding yeast.
  Journal
Curr Opin Genet Dev 7:7-16 (1997)
DOI:10.1016/S0959-437X(97)80103-7
Reference
PMID:15920482
  Authors
Asano S, Park JE, Sakchaisri K, Yu LR, Song S, Supavilai P, Veenstra TD, Lee KS
  Title
Concerted mechanism of Swe1/Wee1 regulation by multiple kinases in budding yeast.
  Journal
EMBO J 24:2194-204 (2005)
DOI:10.1038/sj.emboj.7600683
Reference
PMID:9716410
  Authors
Kaiser P, Sia RA, Bardes EG, Lew DJ, Reed SI
  Title
Cdc34 and the F-box protein Met30 are required for degradation of the Cdk-inhibitory kinase Swe1.
  Journal
Genes Dev 12:2587-97 (1998)
DOI:10.1101/gad.12.16.2587
Reference
PMID:9925642
  Authors
Barral Y, Parra M, Bidlingmaier S, Snyder M
  Title
Nim1-related kinases coordinate cell cycle progression with the organization of the peripheral cytoskeleton in yeast.
  Journal
Genes Dev 13:176-87 (1999)
DOI:10.1101/gad.13.2.176
Reference
PMID:10469560
  Authors
Taylor SS
  Title
Chromosome segregation: dual control ensures fidelity.
  Journal
Curr Biol 9:R562-4 (1999)
DOI:10.1016/S0960-9822(99)80355-8
Reference
PMID:14616062
  Authors
Lew DJ, Burke DJ
  Title
The spindle assembly and spindle position checkpoints.
  Journal
Annu Rev Genet 37:251-82 (2003)
DOI:10.1146/annurev.genet.37.042203.120656
Reference
PMID:14514882
  Authors
Simanis V
  Title
Events at the end of mitosis in the budding and fission yeasts.
  Journal
J Cell Sci 116:4263-75 (2003)
DOI:10.1242/jcs.00807
Reference
PMID:8131744
  Authors
Toyn JH, Johnston LH
  Title
The Dbf2 and Dbf20 protein kinases of budding yeast are activated after the metaphase to anaphase cell cycle transition.
  Journal
EMBO J 13:1103-13 (1994)
DOI:10.1002/j.1460-2075.1994.tb06359.x
Reference
PMID:11146641
  Authors
Amon A
  Title
Together until separin do us part.
  Journal
Nat Cell Biol 3:E12-4 (2001)
DOI:10.1038/35050642
Reference
PMID:10882066
  Authors
Ciosk R, Shirayama M, Shevchenko A, Tanaka T, Toth A, Shevchenko A, Nasmyth K
  Title
Cohesin's binding to chromosomes depends on a separate complex consisting of Scc2 and Scc4 proteins.
  Journal
Mol Cell 5:243-54 (2000)
DOI:10.1016/S1097-2765(00)80420-7
Reference
PMID:10811823
  Authors
Freeman L, Aragon-Alcaide L, Strunnikov A
  Title
The condensin complex governs chromosome condensation and mitotic transmission of rDNA.
  Journal
J Cell Biol 149:811-24 (2000)
DOI:10.1083/jcb.149.4.811
Reference
PMID:18616603
  Authors
Fu Y, Pastushok L, Xiao W
  Title
DNA damage-induced gene expression in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
  Journal
FEMS Microbiol Rev 32:908-26 (2008)
DOI:10.1111/j.1574-6976.2008.00126.x
Reference
PMID:19230642
  Authors
Friedel AM, Pike BL, Gasser SM
  Title
ATR/Mec1: coordinating fork stability and repair.
  Journal
Curr Opin Cell Biol 21:237-44 (2009)
DOI:10.1016/j.ceb.2009.01.017
Reference
PMID:19457865
  Authors
Chen SH, Zhou H
  Title
Reconstitution of Rad53 activation by Mec1 through adaptor protein Mrc1.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 284:18593-604 (2009)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.M109.018242
Reference
PMID:19021755
  Authors
Amon A
  Title
A decade of Cdc14--a personal perspective. Delivered on 9 July 2007 at the 32nd FEBS Congress in Vienna, Austria.
  Journal
FEBS J 275:5774-84 (2008)
DOI:10.1111/j.1742-4658.2008.06693.x
Related
pathway
cal04120  Ubiquitin mediated proteolysis
KO pathway
ko04111   

  All links  
Genome (1)   
   KEGG GENOME (1)   
Gene (98)   
   KEGG GENES (98)   
All databases (99)   

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