KEGG Modules

Carbohydrate metabolism
Central carbohydrate metabolism
M00307 Pyruvate oxidation, pyruvate => acetyl-CoA [PATH:dsp00010 dsp00020 dsp00620 dsp01200 dsp01100]
M00009 Citrate cycle (TCA cycle, Krebs cycle) [PATH:dsp00020 dsp01200 dsp01100]
M00010 Citrate cycle, first carbon oxidation, oxaloacetate => 2-oxoglutarate [PATH:dsp00020 dsp01200 dsp01210 dsp01230 dsp01100]
M00011 Citrate cycle, second carbon oxidation, 2-oxoglutarate => oxaloacetate [PATH:dsp00020 dsp01200 dsp01100]
M00004 Pentose phosphate pathway (Pentose phosphate cycle) [PATH:dsp00030 dsp01200 dsp01100]
M00006 Pentose phosphate pathway, oxidative phase, glucose 6P => ribulose 5P [PATH:dsp00030 dsp01200 dsp01100]
M00007 Pentose phosphate pathway, non-oxidative phase, fructose 6P => ribose 5P [PATH:dsp00030 dsp01200 dsp01230 dsp01100]
M00005 PRPP biosynthesis, ribose 5P => PRPP [PATH:dsp00030 dsp00230 dsp01200 dsp01230 dsp01100]

Other carbohydrate metabolism
M00014 Glucuronate pathway (uronate pathway) [PATH:dsp00040 dsp01100]
M00632 Galactose degradation, Leloir pathway, galactose => alpha-D-glucose-1P [PATH:dsp00052 dsp01100]
M00129 Ascorbate biosynthesis, animals, glucose-1P => ascorbate [PATH:dsp00040 dsp00053 dsp01240 dsp01100]
M00854 Glycogen biosynthesis, glucose-1P => glycogen/starch [PATH:dsp00500 dsp01100]
M00855 Glycogen degradation, glycogen => glucose-6P [PATH:dsp00500 dsp01100]
M00549 Nucleotide sugar biosynthesis, glucose => UDP-glucose [PATH:dsp00520 dsp01250 dsp01100]
M00554 Nucleotide sugar biosynthesis, galactose => UDP-galactose [PATH:dsp00520 dsp00052 dsp01250 dsp01100]
M00892 UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine biosynthesis, eukaryotes, glucose => UDP-GlcNAc [PATH:dsp00520 dsp01250 dsp01100]
M00741 Propanoyl-CoA metabolism, propanoyl-CoA => succinyl-CoA [PATH:dsp00280 dsp00630 dsp00640 dsp01200 dsp01100]
M00130 Inositol phosphate metabolism, PI=> PIP2 => Ins(1,4,5)P3 => Ins(1,3,4,5)P4 [PATH:dsp00562 dsp01100]
M00131 Inositol phosphate metabolism, Ins(1,3,4,5)P4 => Ins(1,3,4)P3 => myo-inositol [PATH:dsp00562 dsp01100]
M00132 Inositol phosphate metabolism, Ins(1,3,4)P3 => phytate [PATH:dsp00562 dsp01100]

Energy metabolism
Carbon fixation
Methane metabolism
Nitrogen metabolism
Sulfur metabolism
Photosynthesis
ATP synthesis
M00143 NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) Fe-S protein/flavoprotein complex, mitochondria [PATH:dsp00190]
M00146 NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) 1 alpha subcomplex [PATH:dsp00190]
M00147 NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) 1 beta subcomplex [PATH:dsp00190]
M00148 Succinate dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) [PATH:dsp00190]
M00152 Cytochrome bc1 complex [PATH:dsp00190]
M00154 Cytochrome c oxidase [PATH:dsp00190]
M00160 V-type ATPase, eukaryotes [PATH:dsp00190]

Lipid metabolism
Fatty acid metabolism
M00082 Fatty acid biosynthesis, initiation [PATH:dsp00061 dsp01212 dsp01100]
M00083 Fatty acid biosynthesis, elongation [PATH:dsp00061 dsp01212 dsp01100]
M00873 Fatty acid biosynthesis in mitochondria, animals [PATH:dsp00061 dsp01212 dsp01100]
M00085 Fatty acid elongation in mitochondria [PATH:dsp00062 dsp01212 dsp01100]
M00415 Fatty acid elongation in endoplasmic reticulum [PATH:dsp00062 dsp01040 dsp01212 dsp01100]
M00086 beta-Oxidation, acyl-CoA synthesis [PATH:dsp00061 dsp00071 dsp01212 dsp01100]
M00087 beta-Oxidation [PATH:dsp00071 dsp01212 dsp01100]
M00861 beta-Oxidation, peroxisome, VLCFA [PATH:dsp01040 dsp01212 dsp01100]

Sterol biosynthesis
M00101 Cholesterol biosynthesis, squalene 2,3-epoxide => cholesterol [PATH:dsp00100 dsp01100]
M00103 Cholecalciferol biosynthesis [PATH:dsp00100 dsp01100]
M00106 Conjugated bile acid biosynthesis, cholate => taurocholate/glycocholate [PATH:dsp00120 dsp01100]
M00862 beta-Oxidation, peroxisome, tri/dihydroxycholestanoyl-CoA => choloyl/chenodeoxycholoyl-CoA [PATH:dsp00120 dsp01100]
M00107 Steroid hormone biosynthesis, cholesterol => pregnenolone => progesterone [PATH:dsp00140 dsp01100]
M00109 C21-Steroid hormone biosynthesis, progesterone => cortisol/cortisone [PATH:dsp00140 dsp01100]
M00110 C19/C18-Steroid hormone biosynthesis, pregnenolone => androstenedione => estrone [PATH:dsp00140 dsp01100]

Lipid metabolism
M00089 Triacylglycerol biosynthesis [PATH:dsp00561 dsp01100]
M00098 Acylglycerol degradation [PATH:dsp00561 dsp01100]
M00090 Phosphatidylcholine (PC) biosynthesis, choline => PC [PATH:dsp00564 dsp01100]
M00091 Phosphatidylcholine (PC) biosynthesis, PE => PC [PATH:dsp00564 dsp01100]
M00092 Phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) biosynthesis, ethanolamine => PE [PATH:dsp00564 dsp01100]
M00094 Ceramide biosynthesis [PATH:dsp00600 dsp01100]
M00066 Lactosylceramide biosynthesis [PATH:dsp00600 dsp01100]
M00067 Sulfoglycolipids biosynthesis, ceramide/1-alkyl-2-acylglycerol => sulfatide/seminolipid [PATH:dsp00600 dsp00565 dsp01100]
M00099 Sphingosine biosynthesis [PATH:dsp00600 dsp01100]
M00100 Sphingosine degradation [PATH:dsp00600 dsp01100]

Nucleotide metabolism
Purine metabolism
M00048 De novo purine biosynthesis, PRPP + glutamine => IMP [PATH:dsp00230 dsp01100]
M00049 Adenine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, IMP => ADP,ATP [PATH:dsp00230 dsp01232 dsp01240 dsp01100]
M00050 Guanine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, IMP => GDP,GTP [PATH:dsp00230 dsp01232 dsp01100]
M00053 Deoxyribonucleotide biosynthesis, ADP/GDP/CDP/UDP => dATP/dGTP/dCTP/dUTP [PATH:dsp00230 dsp00240 dsp01232 dsp01100]
M00958 Adenine ribonucleotide degradation, AMP => Urate [PATH:dsp00230 dsp01232 dsp01100]
M00959 Guanine ribonucleotide degradation, GMP => Urate [PATH:dsp00230 dsp01232 dsp01100]

Pyrimidine metabolism
M00051 De novo pyrimidine biosynthesis, glutamine (+ PRPP) => UMP [PATH:dsp00240 dsp01240 dsp01100]
M00052 Pyrimidine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, UMP => UDP/UTP,CDP/CTP [PATH:dsp00240 dsp01232 dsp01240 dsp01100]
M00938 Pyrimidine deoxyribonucleotide biosynthesis, UDP => dTTP [PATH:dsp00240 dsp01232 dsp01100]
M00046 Pyrimidine degradation, uracil => beta-alanine, thymine => 3-aminoisobutanoate [PATH:dsp00240 dsp00410 dsp00770 dsp01100]

Amino acid metabolism
Serine and threonine metabolism
M00020 Serine biosynthesis, glycerate-3P => serine [PATH:dsp00260 dsp01200 dsp01230 dsp01100]
M00621 Glycine cleavage system [PATH:dsp00260 dsp00630 dsp01200 dsp01100]
M00555 Betaine biosynthesis, choline => betaine [PATH:dsp00260 dsp01100]

Cysteine and methionine metabolism
M00338 Cysteine biosynthesis, homocysteine + serine => cysteine [PATH:dsp00260 dsp00270 dsp01230 dsp01100]
M00034 Methionine salvage pathway [PATH:dsp00270 dsp01100]
M00035 Methionine degradation [PATH:dsp00270 dsp01100]

Branched-chain amino acid metabolism
M00036 Leucine degradation, leucine => acetoacetate + acetyl-CoA [PATH:dsp00280 dsp01100]

Lysine metabolism
M00032 Lysine degradation, lysine => saccharopine => acetoacetyl-CoA [PATH:dsp00310 dsp01100]

Arginine and proline metabolism
M00844 Arginine biosynthesis, ornithine => arginine [PATH:dsp00220 dsp01230 dsp01100]
M00029 Urea cycle [PATH:dsp00220 dsp01230 dsp01100]
M00015 Proline biosynthesis, glutamate => proline [PATH:dsp00330 dsp01230 dsp01100]
M00970 Proline degradation, proline => glutamate [PATH:dsp00330 dsp01100]
M00972 Proline metabolism [PATH:dsp00330]
M00047 Creatine pathway [PATH:dsp00330 dsp01100]

Polyamine biosynthesis
M00133 Polyamine biosynthesis, arginine => agmatine => putrescine => spermidine [PATH:dsp00330 dsp01100]
M00134 Polyamine biosynthesis, arginine => ornithine => putrescine [PATH:dsp00330 dsp01100]
M00135 GABA biosynthesis, eukaryotes, putrescine => GABA [PATH:dsp00330 dsp01100]

Histidine metabolism
M00045 Histidine degradation, histidine => N-formiminoglutamate => glutamate [PATH:dsp00340 dsp01100]

Aromatic amino acid metabolism
M00042 Catecholamine biosynthesis, tyrosine => dopamine => noradrenaline => adrenaline [PATH:dsp00350 dsp01100]
M00043 Thyroid hormone biosynthesis, tyrosine => triiodothyronine/thyroxine [PATH:dsp00350 dsp01100]
M00044 Tyrosine degradation, tyrosine => homogentisate [PATH:dsp00350 dsp01100]
M00037 Melatonin biosynthesis, animals, tryptophan => serotonin => melatonin [PATH:dsp00380 dsp01100]
M00038 Tryptophan metabolism, tryptophan => kynurenine => 2-aminomuconate [PATH:dsp00380 dsp01100]

Other amino acid metabolism
M00027 GABA (gamma-Aminobutyrate) shunt [PATH:dsp00250 dsp00650 dsp01100]
M00118 Glutathione biosynthesis, glutamate => glutathione [PATH:dsp00480 dsp01240 dsp01100]

Glycan metabolism
Glycan biosynthesis
M00055 N-glycan precursor biosynthesis [PATH:dsp00510 dsp01100]
M00073 N-glycan precursor trimming [PATH:dsp00510 dsp01100]
M00075 N-glycan biosynthesis, complex type [PATH:dsp00510 dsp01100]
M00056 O-glycan biosynthesis, mucin type core [PATH:dsp00512 dsp01100]
M00872 O-glycan biosynthesis, mannose type (core M3) [PATH:dsp00515 dsp01100]
M00065 GPI-anchor biosynthesis, core oligosaccharide [PATH:dsp00563 dsp01100]
M00070 Glycosphingolipid biosynthesis, lacto-series, LacCer => Lc4Cer [PATH:dsp00601 dsp01100]
M00071 Glycosphingolipid biosynthesis, neolacto-series, LacCer => nLc4Cer [PATH:dsp00601 dsp01100]
M00068 Glycosphingolipid biosynthesis, globo-series, LacCer => Gb4Cer [PATH:dsp00603 dsp01100]
M00069 Glycosphingolipid biosynthesis, ganglio series, LacCer => GT3 [PATH:dsp00604 dsp01100]

Glycosaminoglycan metabolism
M00057 Glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis, linkage tetrasaccharide [PATH:dsp00532 dsp00534 dsp01100]
M00058 Glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis, chondroitin sulfate backbone [PATH:dsp00532 dsp01100]
M00059 Glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis, heparan sulfate backbone [PATH:dsp00534 dsp01100]
M00076 Dermatan sulfate degradation [PATH:dsp00531 dsp01100]
M00077 Chondroitin sulfate degradation [PATH:dsp00531 dsp01100]
M00078 Heparan sulfate degradation [PATH:dsp00531 dsp01100]
M00079 Keratan sulfate degradation [PATH:dsp00531 dsp01100]

Lipopolysaccharide metabolism
Metabolism of cofactors and vitamins
Cofactor and vitamin metabolism
M00912 NAD biosynthesis, tryptophan => quinolinate => NAD [PATH:dsp00380 dsp00760 dsp01240 dsp01100]
M00120 Coenzyme A biosynthesis, pantothenate => CoA [PATH:dsp00770 dsp01240 dsp01100]
M00882 Lipoic acid biosynthesis, eukaryotes, octanoyl-ACP => dihydrolipoyl-H [PATH:dsp00785 dsp01240 dsp01100]
M00883 Lipoic acid biosynthesis, animals and bacteria, octanoyl-ACP => dihydrolipoyl-H => dihydrolipoyl-E2 [PATH:dsp00785 dsp01240 dsp01100]
M00842 Tetrahydrobiopterin biosynthesis, GTP => BH4 [PATH:dsp00790 dsp01240 dsp01100]
M00880 Molybdenum cofactor biosynthesis, GTP => molybdenum cofactor [PATH:dsp00790 dsp01240 dsp01100]
M00141 C1-unit interconversion, eukaryotes [PATH:dsp00670 dsp01240 dsp01100]
M00868 Heme biosynthesis, animals and fungi, glycine => heme [PATH:dsp00860 dsp01240 dsp01100]
M00128 Ubiquinone biosynthesis, eukaryotes, 4-hydroxybenzoate + polyprenyl-PP => ubiquinol [PATH:dsp00130 dsp01240 dsp01100]

Biosynthesis of terpenoids and polyketides
Terpenoid backbone biosynthesis
M00095 C5 isoprenoid biosynthesis, mevalonate pathway [PATH:dsp00900 dsp01100]
M00367 C10-C20 isoprenoid biosynthesis, non-plant eukaryotes [PATH:dsp00900 dsp01100]

Plant terpenoid biosynthesis
Macrolide biosynthesis
Enediyne biosynthesis
Type II polyketide biosynthesis
Polyketide sugar unit biosynthesis
Biosynthesis of other secondary metabolites
Biosynthesis of phytochemical compounds
Biosynthesis of beta-lactams
Biosynthesis of other antibiotics
Biosynthesis of other fungal compounds
Biosynthesis of other bacterial compounds
Xenobiotics biodegradation
Aromatics degradation

Gene set
Pathogenicity
Drug resistance
Plant pathogenicity
Symbiosis
Module set
Metabolic capacity