KEGG Modules

Carbohydrate metabolism
Central carbohydrate metabolism
M00001 Glycolysis (Embden-Meyerhof pathway), glucose => pyruvate [PATH:see00010 see01200 see01100]
M00002 Glycolysis, core module involving three-carbon compounds [PATH:see00010 see01200 see01230 see01100]
M00003 Gluconeogenesis, oxaloacetate => fructose-6P [PATH:see00010 see00020 see01100]
M00307 Pyruvate oxidation, pyruvate => acetyl-CoA [PATH:see00010 see00020 see00620 see00785 see01200 see01210 see01100]
M00009 Citrate cycle (TCA cycle, Krebs cycle) [PATH:see00020 see01200 see01100]
M00010 Citrate cycle, first carbon oxidation, oxaloacetate => 2-oxoglutarate [PATH:see00020 see01200 see01210 see01230 see01100]
M00011 Citrate cycle, second carbon oxidation, 2-oxoglutarate => oxaloacetate [PATH:see00020 see01200 see01210 see01100]
M00004 Pentose phosphate pathway (Pentose phosphate cycle) [PATH:see00030 see01200 see01100 see01120]
M00006 Pentose phosphate pathway, oxidative phase, glucose 6P => ribulose 5P [PATH:see00030 see01200 see01100 see01120]
M00007 Pentose phosphate pathway, non-oxidative phase, fructose 6P => ribose 5P [PATH:see00030 see01200 see01230 see01100 see01120]
M00580 Pentose phosphate pathway, archaea, fructose 6P => ribose 5P [PATH:see00030 see01200 see01230 see01100 see01120]
M00005 PRPP biosynthesis, ribose 5P => PRPP [PATH:see00030 see00230 see01200 see01230 see01100]
M00008 Entner-Doudoroff pathway, glucose-6P => glyceraldehyde-3P + pyruvate [PATH:see00030 see01200 see01100 see01120]

Other carbohydrate metabolism
M00061 D-Glucuronate degradation, D-glucuronate => pyruvate + D-glyceraldehyde 3P [PATH:see00040 see00030 see01100]
M00632 Galactose degradation, Leloir pathway, galactose => alpha-D-glucose-1P [PATH:see00052 see01100]
M00552 D-galactonate degradation, De Ley-Doudoroff pathway, D-galactonate => glycerate-3P [PATH:see00052 see01100]
M00550 Ascorbate degradation, ascorbate => D-xylulose-5P [PATH:see00053 see01100 see01120]
M00854 Glycogen biosynthesis, glucose-1P => glycogen/starch [PATH:see00500 see01100]
M00855 Glycogen degradation, glycogen => glucose-6P [PATH:see00500 see01100]
M00565 Trehalose biosynthesis, D-glucose 1P => trehalose [PATH:see00500 see01100 see01110]
M00549 Nucleotide sugar biosynthesis, glucose => UDP-glucose [PATH:see00520 see01250 see01100]
M00554 Nucleotide sugar biosynthesis, galactose => UDP-galactose [PATH:see00520 see00052 see01250 see01100]
M00909 UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine biosynthesis, prokaryotes, glucose => UDP-GlcNAc [PATH:see00520 see01250 see01100]
M00761 Undecaprenylphosphate alpha-L-Ara4N biosynthesis, UDP-GlcA => undecaprenyl phosphate alpha-L-Ara4N [PATH:see00520 see01100]
M00012 Glyoxylate cycle [PATH:see00630 see01200 see01100 see01110]

Energy metabolism
Carbon fixation
M00168 CAM (Crassulacean acid metabolism), dark [PATH:see00620 see01200 see01100 see01120]
M00579 Phosphate acetyltransferase-acetate kinase pathway, acetyl-CoA => acetate [PATH:see00430 see00620 see01200 see01100 see01120]

Methane metabolism
M00345 Formaldehyde assimilation, ribulose monophosphate pathway [PATH:see00030 see00680 see01200 see01230 see01100 see01120]

Nitrogen metabolism
M00530 Dissimilatory nitrate reduction, nitrate => ammonia [PATH:see00910 see01100 see01120]

Sulfur metabolism
M00176 Assimilatory sulfate reduction, sulfate => H2S [PATH:see00920 see01100 see01120]

Photosynthesis
ATP synthesis
M00144 NADH:quinone oxidoreductase, prokaryotes [PATH:see00190 see01100]
M00149 Succinate dehydrogenase, prokaryotes [PATH:see00190 see01100]
M00150 Fumarate reductase, prokaryotes [PATH:see00190 see01100]
M00153 Cytochrome bd ubiquinol oxidase [PATH:see00190]
M00417 Cytochrome o ubiquinol oxidase [PATH:see00190 see01100]
M00157 F-type ATPase, prokaryotes and chloroplasts [PATH:see00190 see01100]

Lipid metabolism
Fatty acid metabolism
M00082 Fatty acid biosynthesis, initiation [PATH:see00061 see01212 see01100]
M00083 Fatty acid biosynthesis, elongation [PATH:see00061 see01212 see01100]
M00086 beta-Oxidation, acyl-CoA synthesis [PATH:see00061 see00071 see01212 see01100]
M00087 beta-Oxidation [PATH:see00071 see01212 see01100]

Sterol biosynthesis
Lipid metabolism
M00093 Phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) biosynthesis, PA => PS => PE [PATH:see00564 see01100]

Nucleotide metabolism
Purine metabolism
M00048 De novo purine biosynthesis, PRPP + glutamine => IMP [PATH:see00230 see01100]
M00049 Adenine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, IMP => ADP,ATP [PATH:see00230 see01232 see01240 see01100]
M00050 Guanine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, IMP => GDP,GTP [PATH:see00230 see01232 see01100]
M00053 Deoxyribonucleotide biosynthesis, ADP/GDP/CDP/UDP => dATP/dGTP/dCTP/dUTP [PATH:see00230 see00240 see01232 see01100]

Pyrimidine metabolism
M00051 De novo pyrimidine biosynthesis, glutamine (+ PRPP) => UMP [PATH:see00240 see01240 see01100]
M00052 Pyrimidine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, UMP => UDP/UTP,CDP/CTP [PATH:see00240 see01232 see01240 see01100]
M00938 Pyrimidine deoxyribonucleotide biosynthesis, UDP => dTTP [PATH:see00240 see01232 see01100]

Amino acid metabolism
Serine and threonine metabolism
M00020 Serine biosynthesis, glycerate-3P => serine [PATH:see00260 see00680 see01200 see01230 see01100]
M00018 Threonine biosynthesis, aspartate => homoserine => threonine [PATH:see00260 see01230 see01100 see01110]
M00621 Glycine cleavage system [PATH:see00260 see00630 see00785 see01200 see01100]

Cysteine and methionine metabolism
M00021 Cysteine biosynthesis, serine => cysteine [PATH:see00270 see00920 see01200 see01230 see01100 see01110]
M00017 Methionine biosynthesis, aspartate => homoserine => methionine [PATH:see00270 see01230 see01100]

Branched-chain amino acid metabolism
M00019 Valine/isoleucine biosynthesis, pyruvate => valine / 2-oxobutanoate => isoleucine [PATH:see00290 see00770 see01210 see01230 see01100 see01110]
M00570 Isoleucine biosynthesis, threonine => 2-oxobutanoate => isoleucine [PATH:see00290 see01230 see01100]
M00432 Leucine biosynthesis, 2-oxoisovalerate => 2-oxoisocaproate [PATH:see00290 see01210 see01230 see01100 see01110]

Lysine metabolism
M00016 Lysine biosynthesis, succinyl-DAP pathway, aspartate => lysine [PATH:see00300 see01230 see01100]
M00956 Lysine degradation, bacteria, L-lysine => succinate [PATH:see00310 see01100 see01120]

Arginine and proline metabolism
M00028 Ornithine biosynthesis, glutamate => ornithine [PATH:see00220 see01210 see01230 see01100]
M00844 Arginine biosynthesis, ornithine => arginine [PATH:see00220 see01230 see01100]
M00015 Proline biosynthesis, glutamate => proline [PATH:see00330 see01230 see01100]
M00970 Proline degradation, proline => glutamate [PATH:see00330 see01100]
M00879 Arginine succinyltransferase pathway, arginine => glutamate [PATH:see00330 see01100]

Polyamine biosynthesis
M00133 Polyamine biosynthesis, arginine => agmatine => putrescine => spermidine [PATH:see00330 see01100]

Histidine metabolism
M00026 Histidine biosynthesis, PRPP => histidine [PATH:see00340 see01230 see01100 see01110]
M00045 Histidine degradation, histidine => N-formiminoglutamate => glutamate [PATH:see00340 see01100]

Aromatic amino acid metabolism
M00022 Shikimate pathway, phosphoenolpyruvate + erythrose-4P => chorismate [PATH:see00400 see01230 see01100 see01110]
M00023 Tryptophan biosynthesis, chorismate => tryptophan [PATH:see00400 see01230 see01100 see01110]
M00024 Phenylalanine biosynthesis, chorismate => phenylpyruvate => phenylalanine [PATH:see00400 see01230 see01100 see01110]
M00025 Tyrosine biosynthesis, chorismate => HPP => tyrosine [PATH:see00400 see01230 see01100]
M00533 Homoprotocatechuate degradation, homoprotocatechuate => 2-oxohept-3-enedioate [PATH:see00350 see01220 see01100 see01120]

Other amino acid metabolism
M00118 Glutathione biosynthesis, glutamate => glutathione [PATH:see00480 see01240 see01100]

Glycan metabolism
Glycan biosynthesis
Glycosaminoglycan metabolism
Lipopolysaccharide metabolism
M00060 KDO2-lipid A biosynthesis, Raetz pathway, LpxL-LpxM type [PATH:see00540 see01100]
M00063 CMP-KDO biosynthesis [PATH:see00540 see01250 see01100]
M00064 ADP-L-glycero-D-manno-heptose biosynthesis [PATH:see00540 see01250 see01100]

Metabolism of cofactors and vitamins
Cofactor and vitamin metabolism
M00127 Thiamine biosynthesis, prokaryotes, AIR (+ DXP/tyrosine) => TMP/TPP [PATH:see00730 see01240 see01100]
M00899 Thiamine salvage pathway, HMP/HET => TMP [PATH:see00730 see01100]
M00125 Riboflavin biosynthesis, plants and bacteria, GTP => riboflavin/FMN/FAD [PATH:see00740 see01240 see01100 see01110]
M00124 Pyridoxal-P biosynthesis, erythrose-4P => pyridoxal-P [PATH:see00750 see01240 see01100]
M00115 NAD biosynthesis, aspartate => quinolinate => NAD [PATH:see00760 see01240 see01100]
M00119 Pantothenate biosynthesis, valine/L-aspartate => pantothenate [PATH:see00770 see01240 see01100 see01110]
M00120 Coenzyme A biosynthesis, pantothenate => CoA [PATH:see00770 see01240 see01100]
M00572 Pimeloyl-ACP biosynthesis, BioC-BioH pathway, malonyl-ACP => pimeloyl-ACP [PATH:see00780 see01240 see01100]
M00123 Biotin biosynthesis, pimeloyl-ACP/CoA => biotin [PATH:see00780 see01240 see01100]
M00881 Lipoic acid biosynthesis, plants and bacteria, octanoyl-ACP => dihydrolipoyl-E2/H [PATH:see00785 see01240 see01100]
M00126 Tetrahydrofolate biosynthesis, GTP => THF [PATH:see00790 see00670 see01240 see01100]
M00880 Molybdenum cofactor biosynthesis, GTP => molybdenum cofactor [PATH:see00790 see01240 see01100]
M00846 Siroheme biosynthesis, glutamyl-tRNA => siroheme [PATH:see00860 see01240 see01100 see01110]
M00121 Heme biosynthesis, plants and bacteria, glutamate => heme [PATH:see00860 see01240 see01100 see01110]
M00924 Cobalamin biosynthesis, anaerobic, uroporphyrinogen III => sirohydrochlorin => cobyrinate a,c-diamide [PATH:see00860 see01240 see01100]
M00122 Cobalamin biosynthesis, cobyrinate a,c-diamide => cobalamin [PATH:see00860 see01240 see01100]
M00117 Ubiquinone biosynthesis, prokaryotes, chorismate (+ polyprenyl-PP) => ubiquinol [PATH:see00130 see01240 see01100 see01110]
M00116 Menaquinone biosynthesis, chorismate (+ polyprenyl-PP) => menaquinol [PATH:see00130 see01240 see01100 see01110]

Biosynthesis of terpenoids and polyketides
Terpenoid backbone biosynthesis
M00096 C5 isoprenoid biosynthesis, non-mevalonate pathway [PATH:see00900 see01100 see01110]
M00364 C10-C20 isoprenoid biosynthesis, bacteria [PATH:see00900 see01100 see01110]

Plant terpenoid biosynthesis
Macrolide biosynthesis
Enediyne biosynthesis
Type II polyketide biosynthesis
Polyketide sugar unit biosynthesis
M00793 dTDP-L-rhamnose biosynthesis [PATH:see00521 see00523 see00541 see01250 see01100 see01110]

Biosynthesis of other secondary metabolites
Biosynthesis of phytochemical compounds
Biosynthesis of beta-lactams
Biosynthesis of other antibiotics
Biosynthesis of other fungal compounds
Biosynthesis of other bacterial compounds
Xenobiotics biodegradation
Aromatics degradation

Gene set
Pathogenicity
Drug resistance
M00744 Cationic antimicrobial peptide (CAMP) resistance, protease PgtE
M00696 Multidrug resistance, efflux pump AcrEF-TolC
M00746 Multidrug resistance, repression of porin OmpF

Plant pathogenicity
Symbiosis
Module set
Metabolic capacity
M00616 Sulfate-sulfur assimilation