Entry |
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Name |
Toll-like receptor signaling pathway - Mus musculus (mouse)
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Description |
Specific families of pattern recognition receptors are responsible for detecting microbial pathogens and generating innate immune responses. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are membrane-bound receptors identified as homologs of Toll in Drosophila. Mammalian TLRs are expressed on innate immune cells, such as macrophages and dendritic cells, and respond to the membrane components of Gram-positive or Gram-negative bacteria. Pathogen recognition by TLRs provokes rapid activation of innate immunity by inducing production of proinflammatory cytokines and upregulation of costimulatory molecules. TLR signaling pathways are separated into two groups: a MyD88-dependent pathway that leads to the production of proinflammatory cytokines with quick activation of NF-{kappa}B and MAPK, and a MyD88-independent pathway associated with the induction of IFN-beta and IFN-inducible genes, and maturation of dendritic cells with slow activation of NF-{kappa}B and MAPK.
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Class |
Organismal Systems; Immune system
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Pathway map |
mmu04620 | Toll-like receptor signaling pathway |

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Organism |
Mus musculus (mouse) [GN: mmu]
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Gene |
16803 | Lbp; lipopolysaccharide binding protein [KO:K05399] |
18706 | Pik3ca; phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153] |
18707 | Pik3cd; phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit delta [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153] |
74769 | Pik3cb; phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit beta [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153] |
18709 | Pik3r2; phosphoinositide-3-kinase regulatory subunit 2 [KO:K02649] |
18708 | Pik3r1; phosphoinositide-3-kinase regulatory subunit 1 [KO:K02649] |
18710 | Pik3r3; phosphoinositide-3-kinase regulatory subunit 3 [KO:K02649] |
17874 | Myd88; myeloid differentiation primary response gene 88 [KO:K04729] |
117149 | Tirap; toll-interleukin 1 receptor (TIR) domain-containing adaptor protein [KO:K05403] |
14082 | Fadd; Fas (TNFRSF6)-associated via death domain [KO:K02373] |
66513 | Tab1; TGF-beta activated kinase 1/MAP3K7 binding protein 1 [KO:K04403] |
68652 | Tab2; TGF-beta activated kinase 1/MAP3K7 binding protein 2 [KO:K04404] |
16151 | Ikbkg; inhibitor of kappaB kinase gamma [KO:K07210] |
18035 | Nfkbia; nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B cells inhibitor, alpha [KO:K04734] |
18033 | Nfkb1; nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B cells 1, p105 [KO:K02580] |
19697 | Rela; v-rel reticuloendotheliosis viral oncogene homolog A (avian) [KO:K04735] |
225471 | Ticam2; toll-like receptor adaptor molecule 2 [KO:K05409] |
106759 | Ticam1; toll-like receptor adaptor molecule 1 [KO:K05842] |
22031 | Traf3; TNF receptor-associated factor 3 [KO:K03174] |
15975 | Ifnar1; interferon (alpha and beta) receptor 1 [KO:K05130] |
15976 | Ifnar2; interferon (alpha and beta) receptor 2 [KO:K05131] |
20846 | Stat1; signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 [KO:K11220] |
15945 | Cxcl10; chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 10 [KO:K12671] |
17329 | Cxcl9; chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 9 [KO:K05416] |
56066 | Cxcl11; chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 11 [KO:K12672] |
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Reference |
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Authors |
Kawai T, Akira S. |
Title |
TLR signaling. |
Journal |
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Reference |
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Authors |
O'Neill LA, Bowie AG. |
Title |
The family of five: TIR-domain-containing adaptors in Toll-like receptor signalling. |
Journal |
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Reference |
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Authors |
Honda K, Taniguchi T. |
Title |
IRFs: master regulators of signalling by Toll-like receptors and cytosolic pattern-recognition receptors. |
Journal |
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Reference |
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Authors |
Uematsu S, Akira S. |
Title |
Toll-like receptors and Type I interferons. |
Journal |
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Reference |
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Authors |
Akira S, Uematsu S, Takeuchi O. |
Title |
Pathogen recognition and innate immunity. |
Journal |
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Reference |
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Authors |
Yamamoto M, Takeda K, Akira S. |
Title |
TIR domain-containing adaptors define the specificity of TLR signaling. |
Journal |
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Reference |
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Authors |
Means TK, Hayashi F, Smith KD, Aderem A, Luster AD. |
Title |
The Toll-like receptor 5 stimulus bacterial flagellin induces maturation and chemokine production in human dendritic cells. |
Journal |
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Reference |
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Authors |
Aderem A, Smith KD. |
Title |
A systems approach to dissecting immunity and inflammation. |
Journal |
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Reference |
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Authors |
Banerjee A, Gerondakis S. |
Title |
Coordinating TLR-activated signaling pathways in cells of the immune system. |
Journal |
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Reference |
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Authors |
Loniewski KJ, Patial S, Parameswaran N. |
Title |
Sensitivity of TLR4- and -7-induced NF kappa B1 p105-TPL2-ERK pathway to TNF-receptor-associated-factor-6 revealed by RNAi in mouse macrophages. |
Journal |
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Reference |
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Authors |
Arbibe L, Mira JP, Teusch N, Kline L, Guha M, Mackman N, Godowski PJ, Ulevitch RJ, Knaus UG. |
Title |
Toll-like receptor 2-mediated NF-kappa B activation requires a Rac1-dependent pathway. |
Journal |
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Reference |
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Authors |
Uematsu S, Akira S. |
Title |
Toll-like receptors and innate immunity. |
Journal |
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Related pathway |
mmu04060 | Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction |
mmu04610 | Complement and coagulation cascades |
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KO pathway |
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